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@nebulatica

succession, iasip, hannibal, atla, gravity falls, dc (i do try and keep most of the dc stuff over on @batfambabyy) various other things i cannot think of. i’m 26. she/her. i reblog a lot of art/fanart. fuck ai. free palestine/sudan/congo. i try to tag spoilers for new stuff, but if there's anything in particular you want me to tag, you can message me and i'll do my best. unwell about Jason Todd.

i genuinely just don’t think people who don’t want to drive should have to. i think driving should be optional and it’s weird that we pressure people who are uncomfortable with it into doing it

you know who we should make operate a 4000 pound machine that goes 80 miles an hour? people who are really anxious about it

When Drugs Became Available

Have you ever been writing some historical fiction and wondered "hey, I wonder if my characters would have been able to pop an ibuprofen in 1977?" Well, you're in luck, because this post is all about when common medications became available:

  • Acetaminophen: 1950
  • Albuterol: 1969 (UK) 1982 (US)
  • Allopurinol: 1966
  • Alprazolam: 1981
  • Amitriptyline: 1961
  • Amlodipine: 1990
  • Amoxicilin: 1972
  • Amphetamine/Dextroamphetamine (together as Adderall): 1996
  • Apixiban: 2012
  • Aripiprazole: 2002
  • Aspirin (first NSAID): 1899
  • Azidothymidine (first antiviral): 1987
  • Barbital (first barbiturate): 1903
  • Bupropion: 1985
  • Buspirone: 1986
  • Calcium Carbonate (TUMS): 1930
  • Captopril (first ACE inhibitor): 1981
  • Chlordiazepoxide (first benzodiazepine): 1960
  • Chlorothiazide (first thiazide diuretic): 1957
  • Chlorpromazine (first antipsychotic): 1952
  • Cyclobenzeprine: 1977
  • Diphenhydramine: 1946
  • Furosemide: 1959
  • Fluoxetine (first SSRI): 1988
  • Gabapentin: 1993
  • Glipizide: 1984
  • Hydrochlorothiazide: 1959
  • Ibuprofen: 1969 (UK) 1974 (US)
  • Insulin: 1923 (though many types of insulins would become available over the next century)
  • Imipramine (first tricyclic antidepressant): 1959
  • Iproniazid (first antidepressant (MAOI)): 1952
  • Levothyroxine: 1927 (though desiccated pork thyroid was used for the same reasons as early as 1890)
  • Lisinopril: 1987
  • Lithium: 1949
  • Losartan (first ARB): 1995
  • Lovastatin (first statin): 1987
  • Naproxen: 1976 (Rx) 1990 (OTC)
  • Nitrogen Mustard (first chemotherapy agent): early 1940's
  • Methotrexate: 1947
  • Methylphenidate: 1954
  • Metformin: 1957 (France) 1995 (US)
  • Metoprolol: 1978
  • Montelukast: 1998
  • Morphine: early 1800's
  • Omeprazole: 1989
  • Penicillin: 1945
  • Phenbezamine (first antihistamine): 1942
  • Prednisone: 1955
  • Propranolol (first beta blocker): 1965 (UK) 1967 (US)
  • Sertraline: 1990
  • Spironolactone: 1959
  • Sulfanilamide (first modern antibiotic): 1935
  • Tolbutamide (first oral anti-diabetic drug): 1956
  • Tramadol: 1977 (Germany) 1995 (US)
  • Trazodone: 1981
  • Valacyclovir: 1995
  • Verapamil (first calcium channel blocker): 1964
  • Warfarin: 1954
  • Zopiclone (first "Z-drug"): 1986

Someone asked for this list in date order, so here it is!

  • Morphine: early 1800's
  • Aspirin (first NSAID): 1899
  • Barbital (first barbiturate): 1903
  • Insulin: 1923 (though many types of insulins would become available over the next century)
  • Levothyroxine: 1927 (though desiccated pork thyroid was used for the same reasons as early as 1890)
  • Calcium Carbonate (TUMS): 1930
  • Sulfanilamide (first modern antibiotic): 1935
  • Nitrogen Mustard (first chemotherapy agent): early 1940's
  • Phenbezamine (first antihistamine): 1942
  • Penicillin: 1945
  • Diphenhydramine: 1946
  • Methotrexate: 1947
  • Lithium: 1949
  • Acetaminophen: 1950
  • Chlorpromazine (first antipsychotic): 1952
  • Iproniazid (first antidepressant (MAOI)): 1952
  • Methylphenidate: 1954
  • Warfarin: 1954
  • Prednisone: 1955
  • Tolbutamide (first oral anti-diabetic drug): 1956
  • Chlorothiazide (first thiazide diuretic): 1957
  • Metformin: 1957 (France) 1995 (US)
  • Furosemide: 1959
  • Hydrochlorothiazide: 1959
  • Spironolactone: 1959
  • Imipramine (first tricyclic antidepressant): 1959
  • Chlordiazepoxide (first benzodiazepine): 1960
  • Amitriptyline: 1961
  • Verapamil (first calcium channel blocker): 1964
  • Propranolol (first beta blocker): 1965 (UK) 1967 (US)
  • Allopurinol: 1966
  • Albuterol: 1969 (UK) 1982 (US)
  • Ibuprofen: 1969 (UK) 1974 (US)
  • Amoxicilin: 1972
  • Naproxen: 1976 (Rx) 1990 (OTC)
  • Cyclobenzeprine: 1977
  • Tramadol: 1977 (Germany) 1995 (US)
  • Metoprolol: 1978
  • Captopril (first ACE inhibitor): 1981
  • Trazodone: 1981
  • Alprazolam: 1981
  • Glipizide: 1984
  • Bupropion: 1985
  • Buspirone: 1986
  • Zopiclone (first "Z-drug"): 1986
  • Lovastatin (first statin): 1987
  • Azidothymidine (first antiviral): 1987
  • Lisinopril: 1987
  • Fluoxetine (first SSRI): 1988
  • Omeprazole: 1989
  • Amlodipine: 1990
  • Sertraline: 1990
  • Gabapentin: 1993
  • Losartan (first ARB): 1995
  • Valacyclovir: 1995
  • Amphetamine/Dextroamphetamine (together as Adderall): 1996
  • Montelukast: 1998
  • Aripiprazole: 2002
  • Apixiban: 2012

I already keep track of a lot of this stuff but hey, it's useful.

I, a hearing person who likes subtitles just as a preference, shouldn't have to read a subtitle that's obvious nonsense, go back a couple seconds, and listen again in order to figure out what's going on. An accessibility feature should not be the most half-assed part of a professionally made production. Scripted media has absolutely no excuse for not having subtitles or having subtitles that aren't perfectly verbatim. Professional captioning services should be ashamed of the shoddy work that they put out. Captions should be treated as a part of the production, just like filming, editing, audio balancing, etc - and anything that releases with missing or bad captions should be seen as unfinished

What always gets me about learning about settler colonialism is how once you learn about it you cannot unsee the violence to the land itself. My home state was previously nearly 100% wetlands, apart of the wider Ohio river valley whose biodiversity supported such large populations of hundreds of different species that many contemporary source from settlers describe it as like the garden of Eden.

The Indigenous people who farmed and hunted here (and still farm and hunt in what land they have been able to keep and reclaim) were able to grow miles of upon miles of crops with multiple harvests a year, encouraging this biodiversity by creating forest gardens with incredible amounts of food from staples like corn and squash to local fruits like pawpaws to European imports like apples alongside controlled burns which allowed fields and buffalo ranges to expand.

Nowadays my state is known almost exclusively for its fields of nothing but corn and soy beans. Driving through in between the comparatively small cities you'll see nothing but fields where the plethora of different trees and plants were chopped down mile by mile, the remaining wetlands drained and flattened, and the rich black soils robbed of their nutrients through decades upon decades of monocrop agriculture now preserved through the life blood of petrochemical fertilizers which destroy the surrounding environment.

This process was done mile by mile as the tens of thousands of Indigenous people were killed and displaced by settlers and the US army, the land measured and sold acre by acre to white settlers who raped the land as described, filling the pockets of wealthy land speculators (like George Washington and Thomas Jefferson) who bought the land directly from the government in schemes so corrupt historians have dedicated entire careers to mapping out their dramas.

It's like learning about commodity fetishism and suddenly seeing hundreds of strangers in the products that surround you. Once you learn how the land was destroyed for profit you'll never look at the miles of fields or the cracks in the concrete of buildings built on wetlands or the stench of now obsolete canals built solely for a once boat-dependent economy with no care for the environment the same.