The "switch" statement

A switch statement is a concise way to compare a value against multiple variants. It replaces multiple if checks and provides a more descriptive way to handle such comparisons.

switch(x) {
  case 'value1':  
    ...
    [break]

  case 'value2':  
    ...
    [break]

  default:
    ...
    [break]
}

Here,

1. The value of x is compared with each case value for strict equality.
2. If a match is found, the corresponding code block executes until a break statement is encountered.
3. If no match is found, the code block within the default case (if present) executes.

For example:

let a = 2 + 2;

switch (a) {
  case 3:
    alert( 'Too small' );
    break;
  case 4:
    alert( 'Exactly!' );
    break;
  case 5:
    alert( 'Too big' );
    break;
  default:
    alert( "I don't know such values" );
}

In the above example, a is compared to each case value. Since a is 4, the code block associated with case 4 executes, resulting in an alert displaying "Exactly!"