Except for usnic acid, no cytotoxic effects were observed for the two
depsides (atranorin and perlatolic acid) and the alkyl depsidone (physodic acid).
Since lichens produce special molecular scaffolds with known bioactivities, such as
depsides, depsidones and some special polysaccharides, it can be hypothesized that similar bioactive compounds may cluster in certain group of lichens.
Signals at 10.33, 3.93, 6.51, and 6.76 ppm in the [sup.1]H spectrum are indicative of aldehyde carbonyl and methyl ester groups, as well as hydrogens at C-5 and C-5', respectively, in the structure of the
depside atranorin.
Further to gyrophoric acid, the NMR spectra showed signals indicative of alditols and waxes, as well as low-intensity signals attributed to the
depside atranorin.
Pharmacological actions and therapeutic applications of Salvia miltiorrhiza
depside salt and its active components.
Of natural substances 1-9, usnic acid (4) and the
depside atranorin (1) proved the most active, followed by the depsidones protocetraric (2), salazinic (6), hypostictic (7), and norstictic (8) acids, three of which 6, 7 and 8 have a lactol ring.
The diffractaic acid (3) (LogP 5.48 [+ or -] 0.42) was the most active compound and it is more lipophilic than the depsidones and less lipophilic than the
depside atranorin.
Coumaroyl Iridoids and a
Depside from cranberry (Vaccinium macrocarpon).