漢文

See also: 汉文

Chinese

		Chinese; name of a dynasty; man	language; culture; writing language; culture; writing; formal; literary; gentle
trad. (漢文)		漢	文
simp. (汉文)		汉	文

Pronunciation

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): Hànwén

  (Zhuyin): ㄏㄢˋ ㄨㄣˊ

• Cantonese (Jyutping): hon³ man⁴
• Southern Min (Hokkien, POJ): hàn-bûn

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• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: Hànwén
    • Zhuyin: ㄏㄢˋ ㄨㄣˊ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: Hànwún
    • Wade–Giles: Han⁴-wên²
    • Yale: Hàn-wén
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: Hannwen
    • Palladius: Ханьвэнь (Xanʹvɛnʹ)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /xän⁵¹ wən³⁵/
• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺
    • Jyutping: hon³ man⁴
    • Yale: hon màhn
    • Cantonese Pinyin: hon³ man⁴
    • Guangdong Romanization: hon³ men⁴
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /hɔːn³³ mɐn²¹/
• Southern Min
  • (Hokkien)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: hàn-bûn
    • Tâi-lô: hàn-bûn
    • Phofsit Daibuun: harnbuun
    • Sinological IPA (Xiamen): /han²¹⁻⁵³ bun²⁴/
    • Sinological IPA (Quanzhou): /han⁴¹⁻⁵⁵⁴ bun²⁴/
    • Sinological IPA (Zhangzhou): /han²¹⁻⁵³ bun¹³/
    • Sinological IPA (Taipei): /han¹¹⁻⁵³ bun²⁴/
    • Sinological IPA (Kaohsiung): /han²¹⁻⁴¹ bun²³/

Noun

漢文

1. written Chinese, as opposed to other scripts

   • 定滿洲、蒙古考試，能通漢文者，繙漢文一篇，未能漢文者，作清字文一篇。 [Literary Chinese, trad.]
     定满洲、蒙古考试，能通汉文者，𬙆汉文一篇，未能汉文者，作清字文一篇。 [Literary Chinese, simp.]

     From: c. 1796, various editors, Annals of the Eight Banners (《欽定八旗通志》)

     Dìng Mǎnzhōu, Měnggǔ kǎoshì, néng tōng hànwén zhě, fān hànwén yīpiān, wèi néng hànwén zhě, zuò qīngzìwén yīpiān. [Pinyin]

     As for the examinations held in Manchuria and Mongolia, those who are trained to read and write Chinese are required to translate an article in Chinese, while those who don't comprehend that are required to compose a piece in Manchu script.

   • 2012, 林涛, “导论 [dǎolùn]”, in 东干语调查研究, page 17:

     1987年2月在香港中国语文学会编辑出版的《王力先生纪念论文集》中，发表了《苏联东干民族语言现状及十二月歌》，对东干人、东干族和东干语作了介绍，并将自己收集到的在东干人中流传极广的“十二月歌”（东干文）转写为汉文。 [MSC, simp.]
     1987年2月在香港中國語文學會編輯出版的《王力先生紀念論文集》中，發表了《蘇聯東干民族語言現狀及十二月歌》，對東干人、東干族和東干語作了介紹，並將自己收集到的在東干人中流傳極廣的“十二月歌”（東干文）轉寫為漢文。 [MSC, trad.]

     1987 nián 2 yuè zài Xiānggǎng Zhōngguó Yǔwén Xuéhuì biānjí chūbǎn de “Wáng Lì xiānshēng jìniàn lùnwénjí” zhōng, fābiǎole “Sūlián Dōnggān mínzú yǔyán xiànzhuàng jí shí'èryuègē”, duì dōnggānrén, dōnggānzú hé dōnggānyǔ zuòle jièshào, bìng jiāng zìjǐ shōujídào de zài dōnggānrénzhōng liúchuán jíguǎng de “shí'èryuègē” (dōnggānwén) zhuǎnxiě wèi hànwén. [Pinyin]

     In the February 1987 "Festschrift for Wang Li" edited and published by the Chinese Language Society of Hong Kong, she [Rimsky-Korsakoff Dyer] published "The language, present situation and Twelfth Month songs of the Dungan nationality", introducing the Dungan people and language, and transcribing her collection of Twelfth Month songs (Dungan script), which circulate widely among the Dungan, into Chinese characters.

   • (Can we date this quote?), “新疆社会科学院语言研究所”, in 中国民族语言学网‎^[1], 中国社会科学院中国少数民族语言研究中心:

     20多年来，各族科研人员用维文、汉文、哈文出版和发表的语言学方面的专著、论文集、译着和各类辞典有几十部。 [MSC, simp.]
     20多年來，各族科研人員用維文、漢文、哈文出版和發表的語言學方面的專著、論文集、譯著和各類辭典有幾十部。 [MSC, trad.]

     20 duō nián lái, gèzú kēyán rényuán yòng wéiwén, hànwén, hāwén chūbǎn hé fābiǎo de yǔyánxué fāngmiàn de zhuānzhù, lùnwénjí, yìzhuó hé gèlèi cídiǎn yǒu jī shí bù. [Pinyin]

     For the past 20 years, researchers of all ethnicities have used Uyghur, Chinese, and Kazakh to publish dozens of linguistic monographs, proceedings, translations, and all sorts of dictionaries.

2. Classical Chinese or Literary Chinese
3. Chinese literature, especially that of the Han Dynasty

   • 韓文力量不如漢文，漢文不如先秦、戰國。 [Written Vernacular Chinese, trad.]
     韩文力量不如汉文，汉文不如先秦、战国。 [Written Vernacular Chinese, simp.]

     From: c. 13th century, various editors, A Collection of Conversations of Master Zhu (《朱子語類·卷一三九》)

     Hánwén lìliàng bùrú hànwén, hànwén bùrú Xiānqín, Zhànguó. [Pinyin]

     The literary strength of Han Yu's prose is not as powerful as that of the writings from the Han Dynasty, and the writings from the Han Dynasty are not as profound as those from the pre-Qin and Warring States periods.

Synonyms

• (written Chinese):

edit

• 中國話 / 中国话 (Zhōngguóhuà)
• 中國語 / 中国语 (Zhōngguóyǔ) (rare)
• 中文 (Zhōngwén)
• 唐儂話 / 唐侬话 (Penang Hokkien)
• 支那語 / 支那语 (zhīnàyǔ) (obsolete, often derogatory)
• 漢語 / 汉语 (Hànyǔ)
• 華文 / 华文 (Huáwén)
• 華語文 / 华语文 (huáyǔwén) (both spoken and written)

Derived terms

• 漢文字 / 汉文字

Descendants

Sino-Xenic (漢文):

• → Japanese: 漢文(かんぶん) (kanbun)
• → Korean: 한문(漢文) (hanmun)
• → Vietnamese: Hán văn (漢文)

Proper noun

漢文

1. ellipsis of 漢文帝 / 汉文帝 (“Emperor Wen of Han”)

   Synonym: 文帝 (Wén Dì)

   • 漢文有道恩猶薄，湘水無情弔豈知。 [Literary Chinese, trad.]
     汉文有道恩犹薄，湘水无情吊岂知。 [Literary Chinese, simp.]

     From: c. 773, Liu Zhangqing (劉長卿),《長沙過賈誼宅》

     Hànwén yǒudào ēn yóu bó, Xiāngshuǐ wúqíng diào qǐ zhī. [Pinyin]

     Emperor Wen was a virtuous ruler, yet his mercy was scant;
     The waters of Xiang are insensate — if I offer my homage, who would know of it?

Japanese

Kanji in this term
漢	文
かん Grade: 3	ぶん Grade: 1
on'yomi

Alternative spelling
漢文 (kyūjitai)

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [kã̠mbɯ̟̃ɴ]
• (Tokyo) かんぶん [kàńbúń] (Heiban – [0])

Noun

漢(かん)文(ぶん) • (kanbun) 

1. Literary Chinese; Classical Chinese

Derived terms

• 漢文訓読(かんぶんくんどく) (kanbun kundoku): annotating Literary Chinese so that it can be read using Japanese grammatical structure
• 変体漢文(へんたいかんぶん) (hentai kanbun): Literary Chinese with heavy Japanese-language influence

References

• “漢文”, in 漢字ぺディア [Kanjipedia]‎^[2] (in Japanese), The Japan Kanji Aptitude Testing Foundation, 2015–2026

Korean

Hanja in this term
漢	文

Noun

漢文 • (hanmun) (hangeul 한문)

1. hanja form^? of 한문 (“Classical Chinese literature”)

Vietnamese

chữ Hán Nôm in this term
漢	文

Noun

漢文

1. chữ Hán form of Hán văn (“Classical Chinese”)