Wiktionary

scando

See also: Scando-

Latin

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Etymology

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    From Proto-Indo-European *skend- (“to jump, dart, climb, scale, scan”). De Vaan suggests that the a-vocalism most likely results from a zero-grade present *sknd-e/o-,[1] although Rix suggests that the term may derive from a simple thematic root present.[2]

    Cognate with Sanskrit स्कुन्दते (skundate, “to jump, rise, lift”), स्कन्दति (skándati, “to leap, jump, hop, dart, spring, spurt; to assail; to copulate”), Sanskrit स्कन्ध (skandhá, “trunk, nape, shoulder; branching, scale, ordering”), Ancient Greek σκάνδαλον (skándalon, “stumbling-block”), Old Irish sceinnid (“to spring”), Welsh cychwynnu (“to arise, start”).[1] Compare also Ancient Greek σκιρτάω (skirtáō, “to leap, skip, bound”), Sanskrit आस्क्र (āskra, “attacking, assaulting; united, joined”), Ancient Greek σκαρθμός (skarthmós, “leap, dance, prancing”).

    Pronunciation

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    Verb

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    scandō (present infinitive scandere, perfect active scandī, supine scānsum); third conjugation

    1. (ambitransitive) to climb, ascend, mount
      (transitive) Synonyms: levō, ēlevō, allevō, ērigō, excellō, tollō, ēvehō, efferō, surgō, ēdō
      (transitive) Antonyms: dēiciō, abiciō
    2. (ambitransitive) to clamber
      (intransitive) Synonyms: ascendō, escendō, cōnscendō, īnscendō, succēdō, ēnītor, superscandō, suprascandō, subeō, ērēpō
      (intransitive) Antonyms: dēscendō, dēcurrō
    3. (Late Latin, transitive) to scan (poetry by its feet)

    Conjugation

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       Conjugation of scandō (third conjugation)
    indicative singular plural
    first second third first second third
    active present scandō scandis scandit scandimus scanditis scandunt
    imperfect scandēbam scandēbās scandēbat scandēbāmus scandēbātis scandēbant
    future scandam scandēs scandet scandēmus scandētis scandent
    perfect scandī scandistī scandit scandimus scandistis scandērunt,
    scandēre
    pluperfect scanderam scanderās scanderat scanderāmus scanderātis scanderant
    future perfect scanderō scanderis scanderit scanderimus scanderitis scanderint
    passive present scandor scanderis,
    scandere     		scanditur scandimur scandiminī scanduntur
    imperfect scandēbar scandēbāris,
    scandēbāre     		scandēbātur scandēbāmur scandēbāminī scandēbantur
    future scandar scandēris,
    scandēre     		scandētur scandēmur scandēminī scandentur
    perfect scānsus + present active indicative of sum
    pluperfect scānsus + imperfect active indicative of sum
    future perfect scānsus + future active indicative of sum
    subjunctive singular plural
    first second third first second third
    active present scandam scandās scandat scandāmus scandātis scandant
    imperfect scanderem scanderēs scanderet scanderēmus scanderētis scanderent
    perfect scanderim scanderīs scanderit scanderīmus scanderītis scanderint
    pluperfect scandissem scandissēs scandisset scandissēmus scandissētis scandissent
    passive present scandar scandāris,
    scandāre     		scandātur scandāmur scandāminī scandantur
    imperfect scanderer scanderēris,
    scanderēre     		scanderētur scanderēmur scanderēminī scanderentur
    perfect scānsus + present active subjunctive of sum
    pluperfect scānsus + imperfect active subjunctive of sum
    imperative singular plural
    first second third first second third
    active present — scande — — scandite —
    future — scanditō scanditō — scanditōte scanduntō
    passive present — scandere — — scandiminī —
    future — scanditor scanditor — — scanduntor
    non-finite forms infinitive participle
    active passive active passive
    present scandere scandī scandēns —
    future scānsūrum esse scānsum īrī scānsūrus scandendus,
    scandundus
    perfect scandisse scānsum esse — scānsus
    future perfect — scānsum fore — —
    perfect potential scānsūrum fuisse — — —
    verbal nouns gerund supine
    genitive dative accusative ablative accusative ablative
    scandendī scandendō scandendum scandendō scānsum scānsū

    Derived terms

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    Descendants

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    References

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    1. ↑ 1.0 1.1 De Vaan, Michiel (2008), “scandō, -ere”, in Etymological Dictionary of Latin and the other Italic Languages (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 7), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, pages 542-3
    2. ^ Rix, Helmut, editor (2001), Lexikon der indogermanischen Verben [Lexicon of Indo-European Verbs] (in German), 2nd edition, Wiesbaden: Dr. Ludwig Reichert Verlag, →ISBN, page 554

    Further reading

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    • “scando”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879), A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
    • “scando”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891), An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
    • “scando”, in Gaffiot, Félix (1934), Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette.
    • Kanehiro Nishimura (2004), “Development of the Prevocalic *m̥ in Latin”, in Glotta‎[1], volume 80, number 1/4, →ISSN, pages 239-240
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