sapa

See also: Appendix:Variations of "sapa"

Languages (34)

English

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Page categories

English

Etymology

Etymology tree

Latin sapabor.

English sapa

Borrowed from Latin sapa.

Noun

sapa (uncountable)

1. A reduction of must in Ancient Roman cuisine, made by boiling down grape juice or must in large kettles until reduced to a third of the original volume.

See also

• carenum
• defrutum

Anagrams

• AAPS, AAPs, APAs, ASAP, PAAs, PaaS, asap

Ainu

Alternative forms

• sapaha

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /sa.pá/

Noun

sapa (Kana spelling サパ)

1. (anatomy) head

Balinese

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /sapə/
• Hyphenation: sa‧pa

Etymology 1

Cognate of Javanese ꦱꦥ (sapa, “who (ngoko)”), Indonesian siapa (“who”).

Pronoun

sapa (Balinese script ᬲᬧ)

1. who

Etymology 2

From Sanskrit शाप (śāpa, “curse”).

Noun

sapa (Balinese script ᬰᬵᬧ)

1. curse

Further reading

• “sapa”, in Balinese–Indonesian Dictionary [Kamus Bahasa Bali–Indonesia] (in Balinese), Denpasar, Indonesia: The Linguistic Center of Bali Province [Balai Bahasa Provinsi Bali].

Cebuano

Etymology

From Proto-Austronesian *sapaq.

Pronunciation

• (Standard Cebuano) IPA^(key): /ˈsapaʔ/ [ˈs̪a.pɐʔ]

Noun

sapa

1. a small river; a creek

Central Bikol

Etymology 1

Inherited from Proto-Austronesian *sapaq.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈsapaʔ/ [ˈsa.paʔ]
• Hyphenation: sa‧pa

Noun

sapà (Basahan spelling ᜐᜉ)

1. a stream
2. a creek, brook

   Synonym: sulong

Etymology 2

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /saˈpaʔ/ [saˈpaʔ]
• Hyphenation: sa‧pa

Noun

sapâ (Basahan spelling ᜐᜉ)

1. munch

Derived terms

• magsapa
• sapaon

Chavacano

Etymology

Borrowed from Hiligaynon sapa (“stream”), from Proto-Austronesian *sapaq.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈsapaʔ/, [ˈsa.paʔ] (Cotabateño)

• IPA^(key): /saˈpaʔ/, [saˈpaʔ] (Zamboangueño)
• Hyphenation: sa‧pa

Noun

sapà

1. (Cotabateño, Zamboangueño) stream; creek

   Synonym: (Caviteño, Ternateño) esteros

Cuyunon

Etymology

From Proto-Austronesian *sapaq.

Noun

sapa

1. creek

Dupaningan Agta

Etymology

From Proto-Austronesian *sapaq.

Noun

sapa

1. stream; creek

Ese

Noun

sapa

1. bubble; foam

Finnish

Etymology

From Proto-Finnic *sapa. Related to Estonian saba.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈsɑpɑ/, [ˈs̠ɑ̝pɑ̝]
• Rhymes: -ɑpɑ
• Syllabification^(key): sa‧pa
• Hyphenation^(key): sa‧pa

Noun

sapa (dialectal)

1. tail of an animal (more specifically the solid part of a tail)

Declension

Inflection of sapa (Kotus type 9*E/kala, p–v gradation)
nominative		sapa	savat
genitive		savan	sapojen
partitive		sapaa	sapoja
illative		sapaan	sapoihin
		singular	plural
nominative		sapa	savat
accusative	nom.	sapa	savat
	gen.	savan
genitive		savan	sapojen sapain rare
partitive		sapaa	sapoja
inessive		savassa	savoissa
elative		savasta	savoista
illative		sapaan	sapoihin
adessive		savalla	savoilla
ablative		savalta	savoilta
allative		savalle	savoille
essive		sapana	sapoina
translative		savaksi	savoiksi
abessive		savatta	savoitta
instructive		—	savoin
comitative		See the possessive forms below.

Possessive forms of sapa (Kotus type 9*E/kala, p–v gradation)

first-person singular possessor singular plural nominative sapani sapani accusative nom. sapani sapani gen. sapani genitive sapani sapojeni sapaini rare partitive sapaani sapojani inessive savassani savoissani elative savastani savoistani illative sapaani sapoihini adessive savallani savoillani ablative savaltani savoiltani allative savalleni savoilleni essive sapanani sapoinani translative savakseni savoikseni abessive savattani savoittani instructive — — comitative — sapoineni second-person singular possessor singular plural nominative sapasi sapasi accusative nom. sapasi sapasi gen. sapasi genitive sapasi sapojesi sapaisi rare partitive sapaasi sapojasi inessive savassasi savoissasi elative savastasi savoistasi illative sapaasi sapoihisi adessive savallasi savoillasi ablative savaltasi savoiltasi allative savallesi savoillesi essive sapanasi sapoinasi translative savaksesi savoiksesi abessive savattasi savoittasi instructive — — comitative — sapoinesi first-person plural possessor singular plural nominative sapamme sapamme accusative nom. sapamme sapamme gen. sapamme genitive sapamme sapojemme sapaimme rare partitive sapaamme sapojamme inessive savassamme savoissamme elative savastamme savoistamme illative sapaamme sapoihimme adessive savallamme savoillamme ablative savaltamme savoiltamme allative savallemme savoillemme essive sapanamme sapoinamme translative savaksemme savoiksemme abessive savattamme savoittamme instructive — — comitative — sapoinemme second-person plural possessor singular plural nominative sapanne sapanne accusative nom. sapanne sapanne gen. sapanne genitive sapanne sapojenne sapainne rare partitive sapaanne sapojanne inessive savassanne savoissanne elative savastanne savoistanne illative sapaanne sapoihinne adessive savallanne savoillanne ablative savaltanne savoiltanne allative savallenne savoillenne essive sapananne sapoinanne translative savaksenne savoiksenne abessive savattanne savoittanne instructive — — comitative — sapoinenne third-person possessor singular plural nominative sapansa sapansa accusative nom. sapansa sapansa gen. sapansa genitive sapansa sapojensa sapainsa rare partitive sapaansa sapojaan sapojansa inessive savassaan savassansa savoissaan savoissansa elative savastaan savastansa savoistaan savoistansa illative sapaansa sapoihinsa adessive savallaan savallansa savoillaan savoillansa ablative savaltaan savaltansa savoiltaan savoiltansa allative savalleen savallensa savoilleen savoillensa essive sapanaan sapanansa sapoinaan sapoinansa translative savakseen savaksensa savoikseen savoiksensa abessive savattaan savattansa savoittaan savoittansa instructive — — comitative — sapoineen sapoinensa

Anagrams

• asap, aspa

French

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /sa.pa/
• Homophones: sapas, sapât

Verb

sapa

1. third-person singular past historic of saper

Hiligaynon

Etymology

From Proto-Austronesian *sapaq.

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /saˈpaʔ/ [saˈpaʔ]

• Hyphenation: sa‧pa

Noun

sapâ

1. stream; creek

Indonesian

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈsa.pa/
• Rhymes: -pa, -a
• Hyphenation: sa‧pa

Etymology 1

Inherited from Malay sapa. (This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

Noun

sapa (plural sapa-sapa)

1. greeting

   Synonym: salam

Derived terms

• bersapa
• bersapa-sapaan
• bersapaan
• disapa
• menyapa
• penyapa
• penyapaan
• sapa-menyapa
• sapaan
• tersapa

Etymology 2

Pronoun

sapa

1. (colloquial) who

   Synonym: siapa

Etymology 3

Adjective

sapa (comparative lebih sapa, superlative paling sapa)

1. nonstandard form of safa (“white”)

Further reading

• “sapa”, in Kamus Besar Bahasa Indonesia [Great Dictionary of the Indonesian Language] (in Indonesian), Jakarta: Agency for Language Development and Cultivation – Ministry of Education, Culture, Research, and Technology of the Republic of Indonesia, 2016

Italian

Etymology

From Latin sapa.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈsa.pa/
• Rhymes: -apa
• Hyphenation: sà‧pa

Noun

sapa f (plural sape)

1. must (fruit juice) cooked and concentrated by boiling, used as a condiment

Alternative forms

• saba

Anagrams

• aspa

Javanese

Romanization

sapa

1. romanization of ꦱꦥ

Lakota

Noun

sapa

1. black

Latin

Etymology

From Proto-Italic *sapā, from Proto-Indo-European *sab-, *sap- (“to taste”). Compare the English cognate sap.

Noun

sapa f (genitive sapae); first declension

1. A reduction of must in Ancient Roman cuisine, made by boiling down grape juice or must in large kettles until reduced to a third of the original volume.

Declension

First-declension noun.

	singular	plural
nominative	sapa	sapae
genitive	sapae	sapārum
dative	sapae	sapīs
accusative	sapam	sapās
ablative	sapā	sapīs
vocative	sapa	sapae

Descendants

• Italo-Romance:
  • Italian: sapa, saba
• Gallo-Italic:
  • Piedmontese: sava, sèva
• Northern Gallo-Romance:
  • Franco-Provençal: sâva, suâva
  • Old French: seve
    • French: sève (see there for further descendants)
    • Norman: sève
• Southern Gallo-Romance:
  • Catalan: saba
  • Occitan: saba

    Gascon: sap, sapa

• Ibero-Romance:
  • Aragonese: sapia (probably influenced by Spanish)
• Borrowings:
  • → Albanian: shap

References

• “sapa”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879), A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
• “sapa”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891), An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
• "sapa", in Charles du Fresne du Cange, Glossarium Mediæ et Infimæ Latinitatis (augmented edition with additions by D. P. Carpenterius, Adelungius and others, edited by Léopold Favre, 1883–1887)
• “sapa”, in Harry Thurston Peck, editor (1898), Harper’s Dictionary of Classical Antiquities, New York: Harper & Brothers

Maguindanao

Etymology

Akin to Maranao sapa'.

Verb

sapa

1. to swear

Malay

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈsapa/ [ˈsa.pa]
• (schwa-variety) IPA^(key): /ˈsapə/ [ˈsa.pə]

Etymology 1

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

Noun

sapa (plural sapa-sapa or sapa²)

1. greeting

   Synonym: salam

Verb

sapa (Jawi spelling ساڤ)

1. To greet

   Synonym: tegur

Etymology 2

Syncopic form of siapa.

Pronoun

sapa

1. (colloquial) Who.

   Alternative form: sape (schwa-variety)

Further reading

• "sapa" in Pusat Rujukan Persuratan Melayu (PRPM) [Malay Literary Reference Centre (PRPM)] (in Malay), Kuala Lumpur: Dewan Bahasa dan Pustaka, 2017

Mamanwa

Noun

sapa

1. water

References

• Studies in Philippine Linguistics, volume 2 (1978), section on Mamanwa, pages 81-82

Nigerian Pidgin

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈsɑː.pæ/

Noun

sapa

1. (slang) This is a Nigerian slang term used to express a state of poverty or financial incapacity.

   I no get money because sapa don hook me. / I don't have money because sapa has hit me.

   (please add an English translation of this usage example)

Old Javanese

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /sa.pa/
• Rhymes: -pa
• Homophones: sāpa, śāpa
• Hyphenation: sa‧pa

Etymology 1

Cognate Indonesian sapa (“to greet”).

Noun

sapa

1. address, speak, greet

Derived terms

• anapa
• sasapa
• sinapa
• sinapan

Descendants

• Javanese: ꦱꦥ (sapa, “to greet”)

Etymology 2

Pronoun

sapa

1. alternative spelling of syapa (“who (interrogative pronoun)”)

Further reading

• "sapa" in P.J. Zoetmulder with the collaboration of S.O. Robson, Old Javanese-English Dictionary. 's-Gravenhage: M. Nijhoff, 1982.

Pali

Alternative forms

Alternative scripts

• 𑀲𑀧 (Brahmi script)
• सप (Devanagari script)
• সপ (Bengali script)
• සප (Sinhalese script)
• သပ (Burmese script)
• สป or สะปะ (Thai script)
• ᩈᨷ (Tai Tham script)
• ສປ or ສະປະ (Lao script)
• សប (Khmer script)
• 𑄥𑄛 (Chakma script)

Verb

sapa

1. imperative active second-person singular of sapati (“to swear”)

Piedmontese

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈsapa/

Noun

sapa f (plural sape)

1. hoe

Polish

Etymology

Back-formation from sapka.

Pronunciation

• (Greater Poland):
  • (Chełmno-Dobrzyń) IPA^(key): [ˈsa.pa]

Noun

sapa f

1. (Chełmno, medicine) augmentative of sapka

Further reading

• Gustaw Pobłocki (1887), “sapa”, in Słownik kaszubski z dodatkiem idyotyzmów chełmińskich i kociewskich (in Polish), 2 edition, Chełmno, page 141

Quechua

Adjective

sapa

1. every, each, any
2. alone, only, unique, one and only

See also

• sapay
• sapa inka

Noun

sapa

1. (grammar) singular

Declension

Declension of sapa

	singular	plural
nominative	sapa	sapakuna
accusative	sapata	sapakunata
dative	sapaman	sapakunaman
genitive	sapap	sapakunap
locative	sapapi	sapakunapi
terminative	sapakama	sapakunakama
ablative	sapamanta	sapakunamanta
instrumental	sapawan	sapakunawan
comitative	sapantin	sapakunantin
abessive	sapannaq	sapakunannaq
comparative	sapahina	sapakunahina
causative	saparayku	sapakunarayku
benefactive	sapapaq	sapakunapaq
associative	sapapura	sapakunapura
distributive	sapanka	sapakunanka
exclusive	sapalla	sapakunalla

Possessive forms of sapa

ñuqap - first-person singular ñuqap (my) singular plural nominative sapay sapaykuna accusative sapayta sapaykunata dative sapayman sapaykunaman genitive sapaypa sapaykunap locative sapaypi sapaykunapi terminative sapaykama sapaykunakama ablative sapaymanta sapaykunamanta instrumental sapaywan sapaykunawan comitative sapaynintin sapaykunantin abessive sapayninnaq sapaykunannaq comparative sapayhina sapaykunahina causative sapayrayku sapaykunarayku benefactive sapaypaq sapaykunapaq associative sapaypura sapaykunapura distributive sapayninka sapaykunanka exclusive sapaylla sapaykunalla qampa - second-person singular qampa (your) singular plural nominative sapayki sapaykikuna accusative sapaykita sapaykikunata dative sapaykiman sapaykikunaman genitive sapaykipa sapaykikunap locative sapaykipi sapaykikunapi terminative sapaykikama sapaykikunakama ablative sapaykimanta sapaykikunamanta instrumental sapaykiwan sapaykikunawan comitative sapaykintin sapaykikunantin abessive sapaykinnaq sapaykikunannaq comparative sapaykihina sapaykikunahina causative sapaykirayku sapaykikunarayku benefactive sapaykipaq sapaykikunapaq associative sapaykipura sapaykikunapura distributive sapaykinka sapaykikunanka exclusive sapaykilla sapaykikunalla paypa - third-person singular paypa (his/her/its) singular plural nominative sapan sapankuna accusative sapanta sapankunata dative sapanman sapankunaman genitive sapanpa sapankunap locative sapanpi sapankunapi terminative sapankama sapankunakama ablative sapanmanta sapankunamanta instrumental sapanwan sapankunawan comitative sapanintin sapankunantin abessive sapanninnaq sapankunannaq comparative sapanhina sapankunahina causative sapanrayku sapankunarayku benefactive sapanpaq sapankunapaq associative sapanpura sapankunapura distributive sapaninka sapankunanka exclusive sapanlla sapankunalla ñuqanchikpa - first-person inclusive plural ñuqanchikpa (our(incl)) singular plural nominative sapanchik sapanchikkuna accusative sapanchikta sapanchikkunata dative sapanchikman sapanchikkunaman genitive sapanchikpa sapanchikkunap locative sapanchikpi sapanchikkunapi terminative sapanchikkama sapanchikkunakama ablative sapanchikmanta sapanchikkunamanta instrumental sapanchikwan sapanchikkunawan comitative sapanchiknintin sapanchikkunantin abessive sapanchikninnaq sapanchikkunannaq comparative sapanchikhina sapanchikkunahina causative sapanchikrayku sapanchikkunarayku benefactive sapanchikpaq sapanchikkunapaq associative sapanchikpura sapanchikkunapura distributive sapanchikninka sapanchikkunanka exclusive sapanchiklla sapanchikkunalla ñuqaykup - first-person exclusive plural ñuqaykup (our(excl)) singular plural nominative sapayku sapaykukuna accusative sapaykuta sapaykukunata dative sapaykuman sapaykukunaman genitive sapaykupa sapaykukunap locative sapaykupi sapaykukunapi terminative sapaykukama sapaykukunakama ablative sapaykumanta sapaykukunamanta instrumental sapaykuwan sapaykukunawan comitative sapaykuntin sapaykukunantin abessive sapaykunnaq sapaykukunannaq comparative sapaykuhina sapaykukunahina causative sapaykurayku sapaykukunarayku benefactive sapaykupaq sapaykukunapaq associative sapaykupura sapaykukunapura distributive sapaykunka sapaykukunanka exclusive sapaykulla sapaykukunalla qamkunap - second-person plural qamkunap (your(pl)) singular plural nominative sapaykichik sapaykichikkuna accusative sapaykichikta sapaykichikkunata dative sapaykichikman sapaykichikkunaman genitive sapaykichikpa sapaykichikkunap locative sapaykichikpi sapaykichikkunapi terminative sapaykichikkama sapaykichikkunakama ablative sapaykichikmanta sapaykichikkunamanta instrumental sapaykichikwan sapaykichikkunawan comitative sapaykichiknintin sapaykichikkunantin abessive sapaykichikninnaq sapaykichikkunannaq comparative sapaykichikhina sapaykichikkunahina causative sapaykichikrayku sapaykichikkunarayku benefactive sapaykichikpaq sapaykichikkunapaq associative sapaykichikpura sapaykichikkunapura distributive sapaykichikninka sapaykichikkunanka exclusive sapaykichiklla sapaykichikkunalla paykunap - third-person plural paykunap (their) singular plural nominative sapanku sapankukuna accusative sapankuta sapankukunata dative sapankuman sapankukunaman genitive sapankupa sapankukunap locative sapankupi sapankukunapi terminative sapankukama sapankukunakama ablative sapankumanta sapankukunamanta instrumental sapankuwan sapankukunawan comitative sapankuntin sapankukunantin abessive sapankunnaq sapankukunannaq comparative sapankuhina sapankukunahina causative sapankurayku sapankukunarayku benefactive sapankupaq sapankukunapaq associative sapankupura sapankukunapura distributive sapankunka sapankukunanka exclusive sapankulla sapankukunalla

Spanish

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈsapa/ [ˈsa.pa]
• Rhymes: -apa
• Syllabification: sa‧pa

Etymology 1

Feminine form of sapo (“toad”).

Noun

sapa f (plural sapas)

1. female equivalent of sapo: a female toad or peeper

Etymology 2

Borrowed from Latin sapa.

Noun

sapa f (plural sapas)

1. a reduction of must in Ancient Roman cuisine, made by boiling down grape juice or must in large kettles until reduced to a third of the original volume

Further reading

• “sapa”, in Diccionario de la lengua española [Dictionary of the Spanish Language] (in Spanish), online version 23.8.1, Royal Spanish Academy [Spanish: Real Academia Española], 15 December 2025

Tagalog

Etymology 1

From Proto-Austronesian *sapaq (“stream; river”).

Pronunciation

• (Standard Tagalog) IPA^(key): /ˈsapaʔ/ [ˈsaː.pɐʔ]
• Rhymes: -apaʔ
• Syllabification: sa‧pa

Noun

sapà (Baybayin spelling ᜐᜉ)

1. small stream; rivulet; brook; creek

See also

• saog
• ilog-ilugan
• batis

Etymology 2

Pronunciation

• (Standard Tagalog) IPA^(key): /saˈpa/ [sɐˈpa]
• Rhymes: -a
• Syllabification: sa‧pa

Noun

sapà (Baybayin spelling ᜐᜉ)

1. chewing into a pulp

   Synonyms: ngata, pagngata

2. pulp or residue of something chewed

   Synonyms: sapal, bagas, bagaso, pinamangusan

3. chewed betel pepper

Derived terms

• pagsapa
• pagsasapa
• sapahin

Anagrams

• asap, pasa

Tausug

Pronunciation

• (Sinūgan Parianun) IPA^(key): /sapa/ [saˈpa]
• Rhymes: -a
• Syllabification: sa‧pa

Noun

sapa (Sulat Sūg spelling سَفَ)

1. oath

Derived terms

• magsapa
• sapahan
• sumapa

Turkish

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /saˈpa/
• Hyphenation: sa‧pa

Etymology 1

Inherited from Ottoman Turkish صاپه (sapa, “out of a straight road or direction, on one side, secluded”), from Ottoman Turkish صاپمق (sapmaḳ, “to swerve, to deviate, to diverge, to go astray”), from Proto-Turkic *sap- (“to leave the way, to go astray, to deviate”), morphologically sap- +‎ -a.

Adjective

sapa

1. Away from the centre, secluded, remote; off the beaten path.

   Synonyms: kuytu, tenha, ücra

2. Out of the main road, accessed by deviating to a side road.

Declension

Predicative forms of sapa

present tense
	positive declarative	positive interrogative
ben (I am)	sapayım	sapa mıyım?
sen (you are)	sapasın	sapa mısın?
o (he/she/it is)	sapa / sapadır	sapa mı?
biz (we are)	sapayız	sapa mıyız?
siz (you are)	sapasınız	sapa mısınız?
onlar (they are)	sapa(lar)	sapa(lar) mı?
past tense
	positive declarative	positive interrogative
ben (I was)	sapaydım	sapa mıydım?
sen (you were)	sapaydın	sapa mıydın?
o (he/she/it was)	sapaydı	sapa mıydı?
biz (we were)	sapaydık	sapa mıydık?
siz (you were)	sapaydınız	sapa mıydınız?
onlar (they were)	sapaydılar	sapa mıydılar?
indirect past
	positive declarative	positive interrogative
ben (I was)	sapaymışım	sapa mıymışım?
sen (you were)	sapaymışsın	sapa mıymışsın?
o (he/she/it was)	sapaymış	sapa mıymış?
biz (we were)	sapaymışız	sapa mıymışız?
siz (you were)	sapaymışsınız	sapa mıymışsınız?
onlar (they were)	sapaymışlar	sapa mıymışlar?
conditional
	positive declarative	positive interrogative
ben (if I)	sapaysam	sapa mıysam?
sen (if you)	sapaysan	sapa mıysan?
o (if he/she/it)	sapaysa	sapa mıysa?
biz (if we)	sapaysak	sapa mıysak?
siz (if you)	sapaysanız	sapa mıysanız?
onlar (if they)	sapaysalar	sapa mıysalar?

For negative forms, use the appropriate form of değil.

Related terms

• sap
• sapak
• sapık
• sapkın

Etymology 2

From sap (“handle, stem”) +‎ -a (dative suffix)

Noun

sapa

1. dative singular of sap

Etymology 3

See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.

Verb

sapa

1. third-person singular optative of sapmak

Further reading

• “sapa”, in Turkish dictionaries, Türk Dil Kurumu
• Çağbayır, Yaşar (2007), “sapa”, in Ötüken Türkçe Sözlük (in Turkish), Istanbul: Ötüken Neşriyat, page 4064

Waray-Waray

Etymology

From Proto-Austronesian *sapaq.

Noun

sapâ

1. brook; rivulet; creek

Yámana

Noun

sapa

1. blood

Yanomam

Etymology

Borrowed from Romance, ultimately from Latin sappa; compare Italian zappa, Portuguese sapa (“shovel”), Spanish zapa (“shovel”),

Noun

sapa (unclassified holonym; singulative sapa a, dual sapa kipë, plural sapa pë)

1. hoe

References

• Perri Ferreira, Helder (2017), Yanomama Clause Structure‎^[3], volume 1, Utrecht: LOT, →ISBN, page 115

Yoruba

Etymology

From sà (“to apply”) +‎ ipá (“force”).

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /sā.k͡pá/

Verb

sapá

1. to endeavour; to make an effort; to strive

   Synonym: gbìyànjú

   Òbí rẹ̀ ti sapá gidigidi láti pèsè oúnjẹ fún un. ― Her parents have tried so hard to provide food for her.

Derived terms

• ìsapá (“effort”)