Wiktionary

og

See also: Appendix:Variations of "og"

English

edit

Etymology

edit

Noun

edit

og (plural ogs)

  1. Initialism of own goal.

Anagrams

edit

Cebuano

edit

Alternative forms

edit
  • ug
  • 'g — contraction, appended to the preceding word

Etymology

edit

Standardized form of ug as an article in contrast to its conjunctional function.

Pronunciation

edit

Article

edit

og

  1. indefinite indirect marker for nouns other than personal names.
    Coordinate term: sa — for definite nouns
    Mikaon og isda ang iring.
    The cat ate a fish.
    Gikaon og iring ang isda.
    A cat ate the fish.
  2. refers to motion towards an indefinite location:
    Moadto siya og merkado unya. ― He's going to a market later.
  3. refers to accompaniment with an indefinite partner or object: with a
    Synonyms: uban (og/ang), kuyog (og/ang)
    Nagpakuyog si Juan og guwardiya. ― Juan went with a security guard.
  4. refers to an indefinite tool or instrument used for doing: with, through, by
    Synonym: gamit (ang)
    Iyang gibunalan og silhig. ― He struck him with a broom.
  5. shows relation between two grammatical parts:
    1. preceding infinitives (replacing a prefix pag-)
      Naglisod ko og saka. ― I had a hard time going up.
    2. with adjectives of manner
      Nilakaw siya og kusog. ― He walked away fast.
    3. after ayaw (“don't”)
      Ayaw og adto. ― Don't go.
  6. (adjective + og + noun) having, possessing as an attribute:
    Synonym: may
    Dako og bukton. ― Having big arms.
    Kanindot niya og mata! ― What beautiful eyes s/he has!

Usage notes

edit
  • See usage notes under sa.

See also

edit
Cebuano markers
Direct Indirect Oblique
Definite Indefinite Definite Indefinite
Common Singular ang ing†, 'y sa, sang† og sa
Plural ang mga ing mga†,
'y mga 		sa mga,
sang mga† 		og mga sa mga
Personal Singular si ni kang*
Plural sila ni, silang
sa† 		nila ni, nilang
na† 		(kan)ila ni*, (kan)ilang*
ka†
†Archaic
*Indirect personal forms used instead in colloquial speech.

Danish

edit

Etymology

edit

From Old Danish ok, from Old Norse ok (“and, also”), from Proto-Germanic *auk. Cognate with Swedish och (“and”), ock (“also”), Dutch ook (“also”), and German auch (“also”).

Pronunciation

edit

Conjunction

edit

og

  1. and

Adverb

edit

og

  1. (archaic, dialect) also
    Synonym: også

Particle

edit

og

  1. misspelling of at

References

edit

Elfdalian

edit

Etymology

edit

From Old Norse ok, from Proto-Germanic *auk. Cognate with Swedish och.

Conjunction

edit

og

  1. and

Faroese

edit

Etymology

edit

From Old Norse ok.

Pronunciation

edit
  • IPA(key): /oː/, [oːo̞]
  • Homophones: ov (‘too’)

Conjunction

edit

og

  1. and
    Hanus og Janus
    Hans and Jens
    her og har
    here and there

See also

edit

Gothic

edit

Romanization

edit

ōg

  1. romanization of 𐍉𐌲

Icelandic

edit

Etymology

edit

From Old Norse ok.

Pronunciation

edit

Conjunction

edit

og

  1. and
    Kona og maður.
    A woman and a man.
    Ég heiti Baldur og þetta er Jón.
    My name is Baldur and this is Jón.

Derived terms

edit

Kunjen

edit

Noun

edit

og

  1. water

References

edit
  • Australian Languages: Classification and the comparative method (2004, →ISBN

Norwegian Bokmål

edit

Etymology

edit

From Old Norse ok (“and”), from earlier auk (“and”), from Proto-Germanic *auk (“also, too, furthermore”), from Proto-Indo-European *h₂ewg- (“to increase, enlarge”).

Pronunciation

edit

Conjunction

edit

og

  1. and

References

edit

Norwegian Nynorsk

edit

Etymology

edit

From Old Norse ok.

Pronunciation

edit

Conjunction

edit

og

  1. and

References

edit

Old Irish

edit

Etymology

edit

Uncertain. Originally a neuter s-stem, perhaps *ugos.

This word cannot be derived from Proto-Celtic *āwyom (from which Brittonic words Welsh wy (“egg”) descend), from Proto-Indo-European *h₂ōwyóm,[1][2] because the -g- and the vowel in Old Irish are unaccounted for.

Pronunciation

edit

Noun

edit

og n or m or f (genitive ugae, nominative plural ugae)

  1. egg
  2. (anatomy) testicle

Declension

edit
Neuter s-stem
singular dual plural
nominative ogN ogN ugaeL
vocative ogN ogN ugaeL
accusative ogN ogN ugaeL
genitive ugaeL ugae ugaeN
dative uigL ugaib ugaib
Initial mutations of a following adjective:
  • H = triggers aspiration
  • L = triggers lenition
  • N = triggers nasalization

Descendants

edit
  • Irish: ubh
  • Manx: ooh
  • Scottish Gaelic: ugh

Mutation

edit
Mutation of og
radical lenition nasalization
og
(pronounced with /h/ in h-prothesis environments)		 og n-og

Note: Certain mutated forms of some words can never occur in Old Irish.
All possible mutated forms are displayed for convenience.

References

edit
  1. ^ Matasović, Ranko (2009), “*āwyo-”, in Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Celtic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 9), Leiden: Brill, →ISBN, page 50
  2. ^ Jochem Schindler (1969), “Die idg. Wörter 'Vogel' und 'Ei'”, in Die Sprache, volume 15, page 162

Further reading

edit

Somali

edit

Etymology

edit

From *ʔoq-.

Cognate with Daasanach og, Oromo ogeessa (“expertise”).

Verb

edit

og (causative ogi, passive ogan, middle ogo)

  1. (transitive) know, be aware of

Inflection

edit
Conjugation of og
Infinitive ogi
present participle ogid
simple independent
present past future past
singular
1st ogaa ogay ogi doonaa ogay
2nd ogtaa ogtay ogi doontaa ogtay
3rd ogaa ogay ogi doonaa og
ogtaa ogtay ogi doontaa ogtay
plural
1st ognaa ognay ogi doonnaa ognay
2nd ogtaan ogteen ogi doontaan ogte
3rd ogaan ogeen ogi doonaan oge

Derived terms

edit
  • moog (“be ignorant”)

References

edit
  • “og”, in Qaamuuska Af-Soomaaliga, 2012

Welsh

edit

Etymology

edit

Inherited from Middle Welsh oc.

This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.
Particularly: “putative cognates on Wiktionary state Inherited from Proto-Indo-European *h₂oḱ-et-eh₂ (“harrow”), itself perhaps a derivative of *h₂eḱ- (“sharp”). Cognates include Ancient Greek ὀξίνα f (oxína, “ox-drawn implement with iron teeth”), Latin occa (“harrow”), Lithuanian akėčios, Old English eġeþe, Cimbrian égata, Cornish oges, Norwegian Nynorsk Agder”

.

Pronunciation

edit

Noun

edit

og f (plural ogau or ogiau)

  1. harrow
    Synonym: oged

Derived terms

edit

Mutation

edit
Mutated forms of og
radical soft nasal h-prothesis
og unchanged unchanged hog

Note: Certain mutated forms of some words can never occur in standard Welsh.
All possible mutated forms are displayed for convenience.

Further reading

edit
  • D. G. Lewis, N. Lewis, editors (2005–present), “og”, in Gweiadur: the Welsh–English Dictionary, Gwerin
  • R. J. Thomas, G. A. Bevan, P. J. Donovan, A. Hawke, et al., editors (1950–present), “og”, in Geiriadur Prifysgol Cymru Online (in Welsh), University of Wales Centre for Advanced Welsh & Celtic Studies
Retrieved from "https://en.wiktionary.org/w/index.php?title=og&oldid=90823216"