hypothyroidism

English

Etymology

Etymology tree

Proto-Indo-European *upó

Ancient Greek ῠ̔πό (hŭpó)

Ancient Greek ὑπο- (hupo-)der.

English hypo-

Proto-Indo-European *dʰwer-der.

Proto-Hellenic *tʰurā

Ancient Greek θῠ́ρᾱ (thŭ́rā)

Ancient Greek -εος (-eos)

Ancient Greek θῠρεός (thŭreós)

Proto-Indo-European *weyd-

Proto-Indo-European *-os

Proto-Indo-European *wéydos

Proto-Hellenic *wéidos

Ancient Greek εἶδος (eîdos)

Proto-Indo-European *-os

Proto-Indo-European *-ēs

Proto-Hellenic *-ēs

Ancient Greek -ης (-ēs)

Ancient Greek -ειδής (-eidḗs)

Ancient Greek θῠρεοειδής (thŭreoeidḗs)bor.

New Latin thyreoīdēsbor.

English thyroid

Proto-Indo-European *-id-

Proto-Indo-European *-yéti

Proto-Indo-European *-idyéti

Proto-Hellenic *-íďďō

Ancient Greek -ῐ́ζω (-ĭ́zō)

Proto-Indo-European *-mos

Proto-Indo-European *-mós

Ancient Greek -μός (-mós)

Ancient Greek -ισμός (-ismós)der.

English -ism

English hypothyroidism

Coined c. between 1900 and 1905 from hypo- (“under”) +‎ thyroid +‎ -ism.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˌhaɪpəˈθaɪɹɔɪˌdɪzəm/, /ˌhaɪpəʊˈθaɪɹɔɪˌdɪzəm/

• Audio (Southern England):

  (file)

Noun

hypothyroidism (countable and uncountable, plural hypothyroidisms)

1. (pathology) The disease state caused by insufficient production of thyroid hormone by the thyroid gland. [from 1900s]

   Synonyms: underactive thyroid, low thyroid

   Antonym: hyperthyroidism

   Hypernym: dysthyroidism

Related terms

• hypothyroidic

Translations

disease state

• Arabic: قُصُور اَلدَّرَقِيَّة m pl (quṣūr ad-daraqiyya)
• Catalan: hipotiroïdisme m
• Chinese:

  Mandarin: 甲狀腺功能減退症 / 甲状腺功能减退症 (jiǎzhuàngxiàn gōngnéng jiǎntuì zhèng), 甲狀腺功能減退 / 甲状腺功能减退 (jiǎzhuàngxiàn gōngnéng jiǎntuì), 甲減 / 甲减 (jiǎjiǎn)

• Czech: hypotyreóza f
• Esperanto: hipotiroidismo
• Estonian: kilpnäärme alatalitlus, hüpotüreoos
• Finnish: kilpirauhasen vajaatoiminta
• French: hypothyroïdisme m
• German: Hypothyreose (de) f
• Greek: υποθυρεοειδισμός (el) m (ypothyreoeidismós)
• Hebrew: תת פעילות של בלוטת התריס (tat peilut shel balutat hatris)
• Hungarian: pajzsmirigy-alulműködés
• Irish: hipitíoróideacht f
• Italian: ipotiroidismo (it) m
• Japanese: 甲状腺機能低下症 (こうじょうせんきのうていかしょう, kōjōsen kinō teikashō)
• Korean: 갑상샘저하증 (gapsangsaemjeohajeung)
• Polish: niedoczynność tarczycy f
• Portuguese: hipotiroidismo m
• Russian: гипотирео́з (ru) m (gipotireóz)
• Serbo-Croatian:

  Cyrillic: хипотироидизам m, хипотиреоза f

  Latin: hipotiroidizam m, hipotireoza (sh) f

• Spanish: hipotiroidismo m
• Swedish: hypotyreos (sv) c
• Vietnamese: sự giảm hoạt động của tuyến giáp
• Welsh: isthyroidedd m

See also

• cretinism

Further reading

• hypothyroidism on Wikipedia.Wikipedia