empirical

English

Etymology

Etymology tree

English empiric

Proto-Indo-European *h₂el-der.?

Proto-Italic *-ālis

Latin -ālisbor.

Old French -albor.

▲

Latin -ālis

Old French -elbor.

▲

Latin -ālisbor.

Middle English -al

English -al

English empirical

From empiric + -al.

Pronunciation

(Received Pronunciation, General American, Canada) IPA^(key): /ɪmˈpɪɹɪkəl/, /ɛmˈpɪɹɪkəl/
- Audio (US): (file)
Hyphenation: em‧pi‧ri‧cal

Adjective

empirical (comparative more empirical, superlative most empirical)

Pertaining to or based on experience, as opposed to theory.
Antonym: theoretical

The lengths were calculated according to the empirical rules of the trade.

For some presumptive diagnoses, empirical antibiotic therapy begins immediately, whereas specific antibiotic therapy must await the results of the culture and sensitivity test.
- 1861, Herbert Spencer, Education:
  The village carpenter […] lays out his work by empirical rules learnt in his apprenticeship.
Pertaining to, derived from, or testable by observations made using the physical senses or using instruments which extend the senses.
(philosophy of science) Verifiable by means of scientific experimentation.
Antonyms: anecdotal, theoretical

demonstrable with empirical evidence

Synonyms

empiric

Antonyms

nonempirical

Coordinate terms

Derived terms

Related terms

Translations

pertaining to or based on experience

Arabic: تَجْرِيبِيّ (tajrībiyy)
Belarusian: эмпіры́чны (empirýčny)
Bulgarian: опитен (bg) (opiten), емпиричен (bg) (empiričen)
Catalan: empíric
Chinese:
Mandarin: 經驗 / 经验 (zh) (jīngyàn)
Danish: empirisk
Dutch: empirisch (nl)
Finnish: kokemusperäinen (fi), empiirinen (fi)
French: empirique (fr)
Galician: empírico
Georgian: ემპირიული (emṗiriuli)
German: empirisch (de), erfahrungsgemäß (de)
Greek: εμπειρικός (el) (empeirikós)
Hindi: अनुभवजन्य (anubhavjanya), तजरबी (tajarbī), तजुर्बी (tajurbī), आनुभविक (ānubhvik)
Hungarian: tapasztalati (hu)
Indonesian: empiris (id)
Italian: empirico (it)
Malay: ايمڤيريکل (empirikal)
Persian: تجربی (fa) (tajrobi), آروینی (ârvini)
Polish: aposterioryczny (pl), empiryczny (pl)
Portuguese: empírico (pt)
Romanian: empiric (ro)
Russian: эмпири́ческий (ru) (empiríčeskij)
Serbo-Croatian: empìrījskī (sh), iskùstven (sh)
Spanish: empírico (es)
Swedish: empirisk (sv)
Tagalog: masirin
Ukrainian: емпіри́чний (empirýčnyj)
Urdu: تجربی (tajrabi)
Vietnamese: kinh nghiệm (vi)

pertaining to, derived from, or testable by observations

Arabic: تَجْرِيبِيّ (tajrībiyy)
Belarusian: эмпіры́чны (empirýčny)
Bulgarian: емпиричен (bg) (empiričen)
Chinese:
Mandarin: please add this translation if you can
Dutch: empirisch (nl)
Finnish: kokeellinen (fi), empiirinen (fi)
Georgian: ემპირიული (emṗiriuli)
German: empirisch (de)
Greek: εμπειρικός (el) (empeirikós)
Hindi: अनुभवजन्य (anubhavjanya), प्रायोगिक (prāyogik), तजरबी (tajarbī), तजुर्बी (tajurbī), आनुभविक (ānubhvik)
Russian: эмпири́ческий (ru) (empiríčeskij)
Serbo-Croatian: empìrījskī (sh), iskùstven (sh)
Spanish: empírico (es)
Swedish: empirisk (sv)
Tagalog: masirin
Ukrainian: емпіри́чний (empirýčnyj)

verifiable by means of scientific experimentation

Bulgarian: емпиричен (bg) (empiričen)
Chinese:
Mandarin: 實證 / 实证 (zh) (shízhèng)
Czech: empirický (cs)
Dutch: empirisch (nl)
Finnish: kokeellinen (fi), empiirinen (fi)
German: empirisch (de)
Hindi: अनुभवजन्य (anubhavjanya), प्रायोगिक (prāyogik), आनुभविक (ānubhvik)
Korean: 실증적인 (siljeungjeogin)
Russian: эмпири́ческий (ru) (empiríčeskij)
Serbo-Croatian: empìrījskī (sh), iskùstven (sh)
Spanish: empírico (es)
Swedish: empirisk (sv)
Tagalog: masirin
Vietnamese: thực chứng (vi)

The translations below need to be checked and inserted above into the appropriate translation tables. See instructions at Wiktionary:Entry layout § Translations.

Translations to be checked

Indonesian: ^{(please verify)} secara empiris, ^{(please verify)} berdasarkan eksperimen / percobaan

Noun

empirical (plural empiricals)

A measurement or result achieved by empirical means.