Wiktionary

brun

See also: Brun, brún, brün, and brůn

Danish

edit

Pronunciation

edit
  • IPA(key): /bʁuːˀn/, [b̥ʁuˀn], [b̥ʁo̝ˀn], [pʁuˀn], [pʁo̝ˀn]

Etymology 1

edit

From Old Norse brúnn.

Adjective

edit

brun (neuter brunt, plural and definite singular attributive brune)

  1. brown (color/colour)
  2. (nominalized) brown (color/colour)
Inflection
edit
Inflection of brun
positive comparative superlative
indefinite common singular brun brunere brunest2
indefinite neuter singular brunt brunere brunest2
plural brune brunere brunest2
definite attributive1 brune brunere bruneste

1 When an adjective is applied predicatively to something definite,
the corresponding "indefinite" form is used.
2 The "indefinite" superlatives may not be used attributively.

Derived terms
edit
See also
edit
Colors in Danish · farver (layout · text)
     hvid      grå      sort
             rød; højrød, mørkerød              orange; brun              gul; flødefarvet
             lime, lysegrøn              grøn, mørkegrøn              mintgrøn
             cyan; turkis, lyseblå              azurblå, himmelblå              blå, mørkeblå
             violet; indigo              magenta; lilla              lyserød, rosa

Etymology 2

edit

See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.

Verb

edit

brun

  1. imperative of brune

References

edit

French

edit

Etymology

edit
Etymology tree
Proto-Indo-European *bʰerH-?
Proto-Germanic *brūnaz
Frankish *brūnbor.
Old French brun
French brun

    From Middle French, from Old French brun (“polished, shiny, brown”).

    Pronunciation

    edit

    Adjective

    edit

    brun (feminine brune, masculine plural bruns, feminine plural brunes)

    1. brown (color/colour)

    Usage notes

    edit
    • In France (except for Alsace, Lorraine and parts of Franche-Comté), this is usually for hair, using marron for other uses.

    Derived terms

    edit

    Descendants

    edit
    • → Breton: brun
    • Louisiana Creole: brun
    • → Romanian: brun

    Noun

    edit

    brun m (plural bruns, feminine brune)

    1. brown (color/colour)
    2. brown-haired person

    See also

    edit

    See also

    edit
    Colors in French · couleurs (layout · text)
         blanc      gris      noir
                 rouge; cramoisi, carmin              orange; brun, marron              jaune; crème
                 lime              vert              menthe
                 cyan, turquoise; bleu canard              azur, bleu ciel              bleu
                 violet, lilas; indigo              magenta; pourpre              rose

    Further reading

    edit

    Galician

    edit

    Etymology

    edit

    From Old Galician-Portuguese brũu (14th century), from Old French brun (“polished, shiny, brown”).

    Pronunciation

    edit

    Adjective

    edit

    brun (feminine bruna, masculine plural bruns, feminine plural brunas)

    1. (archaic, of hair) brown
      • 1390, J. L. Pensado Tomé, editor, Os Miragres de Santiago. Versión gallega del Códice latino del siglo XII atribuido al papa Calisto I, Madrid: C.S.I.C., page 133:
        Rey Calrros auia os cabelos brũus et a façe uermella, et avia o corpo moy bẽ feicto et de boo estado, et a catadura braua
        King Charles had brown hair and a reddish face, and his body was very well formed and in good shape, and his aspect was fierce
    edit

    References

    edit

    Icelandic

    edit

    Etymology

    edit

    See the verb bruna (“to speed, rush”).

    Noun

    edit

    brun n (genitive singular bruns, no plural)

    1. rush (the act of moving at high speed)
    2. (skiing) alpine skiing

    Declension

    edit
    Declension of brun (sg-only neuter)
    singular
    indefinite definite
    nominative brun brunið
    accusative brun brunið
    dative bruni bruninu
    genitive bruns brunsins

    Further reading

    edit

    Interlingua

    edit

    Adjective

    edit

    brun

    1. brown (color/colour)

    See also

    edit
    Colors in Interlingua · colores (layout · text)
         blanc, albe      gris      nigre
                 rubie              orange; brun              jalne; crema
                 verde lima              verde              verde mentha, acquamarine
                 cyano              azure              blau
                 violette; indigo              magenta; purpure              rosate

    Louisiana Creole

    edit

    Etymology

    edit

    Inherited from French brun (“brown”).

    Pronunciation

    edit

    Adjective

    edit

    brun

    1. brown (color/colour)
      Synonym: maron

    See also

    edit
    Colors in Louisiana Creole · koulær-yé (layout · text)
         blan      gri      nwa, nwar
                 rouj              zoranj; brun, maron              jonn, jònn
                              vè, vèr, vær, væt              vè fonsé
                 sèrsèl                           blé, ble
                 vyolé, vyolèt              lila              ròz, roz

    Low German

    edit

    Pronunciation

    edit

    Adjective

    edit

    brun

    1. alternative spelling of bruun

    Norman

    edit

    Alternative forms

    edit

    Etymology

    edit

    From Old French brun (“polished, shiny, brown”).

    Pronunciation

    edit

    Adjective

    edit

    brun m

    1. (Jersey) brown (color/colour)

    Norn

    edit

    Pronunciation

    edit

    Adjective

    edit

    brun

    1. brown

    See also

    edit
    Colors in Norn · lit (layout · text)
         hvid      grå, høset      swart
                 rø              brun              gol
                              grøn             
                              blå              blå
                                          

    References

    edit
    1. ^ Jakob Jakobsen, An Etymological Dictionary of the Norn Language in Shetland, (London: David Nutt, 1928), 99.

    Norwegian Bokmål

    edit
    Norwegian Wikipedia has an article on:
    Wikipedia no

    Etymology

    edit

    From Old Norse brúnn.

    Adjective

    edit

    brun (masculine and feminine brun, neuter brunt, definite singular and plural brune, comparative brunere, indefinite superlative brunest, definite superlative bruneste)

    1. brown (color/colour)

    Derived terms

    edit

    See also

    edit
    Colors in Norwegian Bokmål · farger (layout · text)
         hvit      grå      svart
                 rød; karmosin              oransje; brun              gul; kremfarge
                 limegrønn              grønn             
                 cyan              asur              blå
                 fiolett; indigo              magenta; lilla              rosa

    References

    edit

    Norwegian Nynorsk

    edit
    Norwegian Nynorsk Wikipedia has an article on:
    Wikipedia nn

    Alternative forms

    edit

    Etymology

    edit

    From Old Norse brúnn.

    Adjective

    edit

    brun (neuter brunt, definite singular and plural brune, comparative brunare, indefinite superlative brunast, definite superlative brunaste)

    1. brown (color/colour)

    Derived terms

    edit

    See also

    edit
    Colors in Norwegian Nynorsk · fargar (layout · text)
         kvit      grå      svart
                 raud              oransje; brun              gul
                              grøn             
                 (turkis)                           blå
                              rosa; lilla              rosa

    References

    edit

    Old Danish

    edit

    Etymology

    edit

    From Old Norse brúnn.

    Adjective

    edit

    brun

    1. brown

    Descendants

    edit

    See also

    edit
    Colors in Old Danish · lyt (layout · text)
         hwit      gra      swart
                 røth              brun              guul
                              grøn             
                                           bla
                                          

    Old English

    edit

    Etymology

    edit

    From Proto-West Germanic *brūn.

    Pronunciation

    edit

    Adjective

    edit

    brūn

    1. brown (color/colour)

    Declension

    edit
    Declension of brūn — Strong
    Singular Masculine Feminine Neuter
    Nominative brūn brūn brūn
    Accusative brūnne brūne brūn
    Genitive brūnes brūnre brūnes
    Dative brūnum brūnre brūnum
    Instrumental brūne brūnre brūne
    Plural Masculine Feminine Neuter
    Nominative brūne brūna, brūne brūn
    Accusative brūne brūna, brūne brūn
    Genitive brūnra brūnra brūnra
    Dative brūnum brūnum brūnum
    Instrumental brūnum brūnum brūnum
    Declension of brūn — Weak
    Singular Masculine Feminine Neuter
    Nominative brūna brūne brūne
    Accusative brūnan brūnan brūne
    Genitive brūnan brūnan brūnan
    Dative brūnan brūnan brūnan
    Instrumental brūnan brūnan brūnan
    Plural Masculine Feminine Neuter
    Nominative brūnan brūnan brūnan
    Accusative brūnan brūnan brūnan
    Genitive brūnra, brūnena brūnra, brūnena brūnra, brūnena
    Dative brūnum brūnum brūnum
    Instrumental brūnum brūnum brūnum

    Descendants

    edit

    See also

    edit
    Colors in Old English · dēage (layout · text)
         hwīt      grǣġ      blæc, sweart
                 rēad, rēod; basu              ġeolurēad; brūn              ġeolu
                              grēne             
                              blāw              blāw
                              purpuren             

    Old French

    edit

    Etymology

    edit

      From Late Latin brunus (attested in Isidore of Seville), from Frankish *brūn (“brown, dark, shiny”), from Proto-Germanic *brūnaz (“brown”).

      Pronunciation

      edit

      Adjective

      edit

      brun m (oblique and nominative feminine singular brune)

      1. brown (color/colour)

      Declension

      edit
      Case masculine feminine neuter
      singular subject bruns brune brun
      oblique brun brune brun
      plural subject brun brunes brun
      oblique bruns brunes brun

      Descendants

      edit

      Noun

      edit

      brun oblique singular, m (oblique plural bruns, nominative singular bruns, nominative plural brun)

      1. brown-haired person

      Declension

      edit
      Case masculine feminine
      singular subject bruns brune
      oblique brun brune
      plural subject brun brunes
      oblique bruns brunes

      Plautdietsch

      edit

      Etymology

      edit

      From Middle Low German brûn, from Old Saxon brūn, from Proto-West Germanic *brūn.

      Adjective

      edit

      brun

      1. brown (color/colour)

      Romanian

      edit

      Etymology

      edit

      Borrowed from French brun.

      Pronunciation

      edit

      Adjective

      edit

      brun m or n (feminine singular brună, masculine plural bruni, feminine/neuter plural brune)

      1. brown (color/colour)
      2. brown- or dark-haired

      Declension

      edit
      Declension of brun
      singular plural
      masculine neuter feminine masculine neuter feminine
      nominative-
      accusative       		indefinite brun brună bruni brune
      definite brunul bruna brunii brunele
      genitive-
      dative       		indefinite brun brune bruni brune
      definite brunului brunei brunilor brunelor

      See also

      edit
      Colors in Romanian · culori (layout · text)
           alb      gri      negru
                   roșu; carmin              portocaliu; maro              galben; crem
                                verde              verde mentă
                   cyan              bleu              albastru
                   violet; indigo              mov; purpură              roz

      Swedish

      edit
      Swedish Wikipedia has an article on:
      Wikipedia sv
       
      en brun brunbjörn [a brown brown bear]

      Etymology

      edit

      From Old Swedish brūn, from Old Norse brúnn. The political sense is originally a reference to the brown uniforms worn by members of the Sturmabteilung, a paramilitary organization in Nazi Germany.

      Pronunciation

      edit

      Adjective

      edit

      brun (comparative brunare, superlative brunast)

      1. brown (color/colour)
        Fyra nyanser av brunt
        Four Shades of Brown [a movie]
      2. (politics, usually derogatory, relational) of fascism or right-wing nationalism
        ett brunt parti ― a fascist party (literally, “a brown party”)
        • 2010, Lars Ulwencreutz, Redaktör'n har ordet‎[1], Ulwencreutz Media, →ISBN, page 186:
          Bondeförbundet (Centerpartiet) var en gång ett mycket "brunt parti", bruna sympatier fanns även hos gamla Högerpartiet (Moderaterna). Kristen Demokratisk Samling (Kristdemokraterna) grundades till och med av gamla nationalsocialister.
          (please add an English translation of this quotation)
        • 2011, Mattias Gardell, Islamofobi [Islamophobia]‎[2], Leopard förlag, →ISBN, page 254:
          De bruna valframgångarna är en indikator på hur det politiska spektrumet i sig har vridits mot en kulturisering av politiken där politiker utger sig för att slå vakt om västerländska, Europeiska[sic] och nationella värden mot det föreställda hotet från islam och muslimer[...]
          (please add an English translation of this quotation)
        • 2021 December 2, P-A Hultman, “Hur bruna är Sverigedemokraterna?”, in Strömstads Tidning‎[3]:
          Detta visar att nazismen och SD har samma tankar och idéer. Det finns således bevis för att ”brunt parti” stämmer väl överens med kända fakta om SD.
          (please add an English translation of this quotation)
        • 2023 January 27, “C måste göra upp med sitt bruna förflutna”, in Eskilstuna-Kuriren‎[4]:
          Under första halvan av 1900-talet hade Bondeförbundet, 1957 namnändrat till Centerpartiet (C), en mycket brun politik. Kanske var den brunare än den hos (S), men om detta vet vi inte då många dokument fortfarande är hemligstämplade?
          (please add an English translation of this quotation)

      Declension

      edit
      Inflection of brun
      Indefinite positive comparative superlative1
      common singular brun brunare brunast
      neuter singular brunt brunare brunast
      plural bruna brunare brunast
      masculine plural2 brune brunare brunast
      Definite positive comparative superlative
      masculine singular3 brune brunare brunaste
      all bruna brunare brunaste

      1 The indefinite superlative forms are only used in the predicative.
      2 Dated or archaic.
      3 Only used, optionally, to refer to things whose natural gender is masculine.

      Derived terms

      edit

      Descendants

      edit

      See also

      edit
      Colors in Swedish · färger (layout · text)
           vit      grå      svart
                   röd; karmosin, karmosinröd, blodröd              orange (common), brandgul (now uncommon); brun              gul; beige
                   limegrön              grön              mintgrön
                   turkos (common), cyan (rare); blågrön, teal              himmelsblå, azur              blå
                   lila, violett, gredelin (light lavender, now uncommon); indigo              magenta; purpur              rosa (common), skär (uncommon)

      References

      edit
      • “brun”, in Svensk ordbok [Dictionary of Swedish] (in Swedish)
      • “brun”, in Svenska Akademiens ordbok [Dictionary of the Swedish Academy] (in Swedish)
      • brun in Elof Hellquist, Svensk etymologisk ordbok (1st ed., 1922)

      Further reading

      edit
      Retrieved from "https://en.wiktionary.org/w/index.php?title=brun&oldid=90407507"