birokrasi

Indonesian

Etymology

From Dutch bureaucratie, from French bureaucratie.

Pronunciation

• (Standard Indonesian) IPA^(key): /biroˈkrasi/ [bi.roˈkra.si]
• Rhymes: -asi
• Syllabification: bi‧ro‧kra‧si

Noun

birokrasi

1. bureaucracy (government by bureaus or their administrators or officers)
2. (figurative, colloquial) bureaucracy (excessive red tape and routine in any administration, body or behaviour)

Derived terms

• pembirokrasian

Related terms

• biro
• birokrat
• birokratis

Further reading

• birokrasi on the Indonesian Wikipedia.Wikipedia ^id
• “birokrasi”, in Kamus Besar Bahasa Indonesia [Great Dictionary of the Indonesian Language] (in Indonesian), Jakarta: Agency for Language Development and Cultivation – Ministry of Education, Culture, Research, and Technology of the Republic of Indonesia, 2016

Malay

Noun

birokrasi (plural birokrasi-birokrasi or birokrasi²)

1. bureaucracy

Further reading

• "birokrasi" in Pusat Rujukan Persuratan Melayu (PRPM) [Malay Literary Reference Centre (PRPM)] (in Malay), Kuala Lumpur: Dewan Bahasa dan Pustaka, 2017
  (also see "birokrasi" at PRPM first version)