Wiktionary

bate

See also: Appendix:Variations of "bate"

English

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Pronunciation

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Etymology 1

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    Inherited from Middle English baten (“to abate”), an apheretic form of abaten, from Old French abatre (“to knock down”).

    Verb

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    bate (third-person singular simple present bates, present participle bating, simple past and past participle bated)

    1. (transitive) To reduce the force of something; to abate.
    2. (transitive) To restrain, usually with the sense of being in anticipation
    3. (transitive, sometimes figuratively) To cut off, remove, take away.
    4. (archaic, transitive) To leave out, except, bar.
    5. To waste away.
    6. To deprive of.
      • a. 1634 (date written), George Herbert, “The Church Porch”, in Alexander B[alloch] Grosart, editor, The Complete Works in Verse and Prose of George Herbert. […] (The Fuller Worthies’ Library), volume I (Verse), London: […] [Robson and Sons] for private circulation, published 1874, →OCLC, page 20:
        When baseness is exalted, do not bate / The place its honour for the person's sake; […]
    7. To lessen by retrenching, deducting, or reducing; to abate; to beat down; to lower.
      • 1691, [John Locke], Some Considerations of the Consequences of the Lowering of Interest, and Raising the Value of Money. […], London: […] Awnsham and John Churchill, […], published 1692, →OCLC, page 113:
        [W]hen the Landholder's Rent falls, he muſt either bate the Labourer's Wages, or not imploy, or not pay him; which either way makes him feel the want of Money.
      • 1869, Alfred Russel Wallace, The Malay Archipelago, volume I, London: Macmillan and Co., page 33:
        The shopkeeper is very good-natured; he will show you everything he has, and does not seem to mind if you buy nothing. He bates a little, but not so much as the Klings, who almost always ask twice what they are willing to take.
    8. To allow by way of abatement or deduction.
    Derived terms
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    Translations
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    References

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    • Robert Hunter, Charles Morris, editors (1897), Universal Dictionary of the English Language, volume 1, page 459

    Etymology 2

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      Noun

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      bate (uncountable)

      1. Strife; contention.
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      bate (third-person singular simple present bates, present participle bating, simple past and past participle bated)

      1. (intransitive) To contend or strive with blows or arguments.
      2. (intransitive, falconry) Of a falcon: to flap the wings vigorously; to bait.
        • 1486, Juliana Berners, Book of Saint Albans:
          The fiꝛſt is holde faſt at all timys, and ſpecially whan ſhe batith. It is calde batyng, for ſhe batith with hiꝛ ſelfe moſt oftyn cauſeles[.]
        • 1600, Francis Bacon, letter to Queen Elizabeth, upon the sending of a new-year's gift:
          I am like a hawk , that bates , when I see occasion of service , but cannot fly because I am tied to another's fist
      Translations
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      See also

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      • (to contend or strive with blows or arguments): bait.

      Etymology 3

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      Borrowed from Swedish beta (“maceration, tanning”).

      Noun

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      bate (plural bates)

      1. An alkaline lye which neutralizes the effect of the previous application of lime, and makes hides supple in the process of tanning.
        • 1888, Popular Science, volume 34, number 10, page 287:
          The process of unliming hides and skins in tanning has been a slow and disgusting one, consisting in soaking the skins in a bath of manure in water, called bate.
      2. A vat which contains this liquid.
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      Verb

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      bate (third-person singular simple present bates, present participle bating, simple past and past participle bated)

      1. (transitive) To soak leather so as to remove chemicals used in tanning; to steep in bate.
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      References

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      • Robert Hunter, Charles Morris, editors (1897), Universal Dictionary of the English Language, volume 1, page 459

      Etymology 4

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      Formed by analogy with eat → ate or other Class 5 strong verbs (compare gave, obsolete spake, etc.), with which it shares an analogous past participle (eaten → beaten).

      Verb

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      bate

      1. (obsolete or nonstandard) simple past of beat; = beat.
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      Etymology 5

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      Verb

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      bate (third-person singular simple present bates, present participle bating, simple past and past participle bated)

      1. (intransitive, slang) Clipping of masturbate.
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      Etymology 6

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      Variant of beat (“rhythm”).

      Noun

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      bate (uncountable)

      1. (Ireland) direction, course, track
        • A NORTH-COUNTY DUBLIN CLOSSARY:
          What bate are you on now = where are you going and why ? The dog is on some bate = is finding or following a scent.

      References

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      • J. J. Hogan and Patrick C. O'Neill (1947), “A NORTH-COUNTY DUBLIN GLOSSARY”, in Béaloideas‎[1], volume 17, number 1/2, An Cumann Le Béaloideas Eireann/Folklore of lreland Society, page 264

      Anagrams

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      Acehnese

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      Noun

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      bate

      1. nonstandard form of batèe
      2. nonstandard form of baté

      Asturian

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      Noun

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      bate m (plural bates)

      1. bat (club)

      Crow

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      Alternative forms

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      Noun

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      bate

      1. male-bodied person who dresses and lives as a woman

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      References

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      References
      • Integration of Crow Indian Culture, in Cultural Anthropology, page 11: The aggressive vigor and virility of man, in the Crow view, stood in profound opposition to the passivity and weakness of woman. Young men who failed the test of the war raid had "nothing to say or do in any public business whatever" but had to endure biting obscenities which linked their personalities to the flaccid qualities of woman. The bate, male transvestites, were no exception. Bate were "crazy" people with whom one could have some fun, a sexual escapade perhaps, and they might be married because they excelled women in butchering, tanning, and other domestic tasks. But they never were honored, and when a bate raised a gun against the enemy, the Crow remembered it as a signal event.
      • Sabine Lang, Men as Women, Women as Men →ISBN, 2010):
         Page 117: The attempt of an Indian agent on the Crow Reservation around the turn of the century to induce Osh-Tisch, one of the three surviving bate, to put on men's clothing was unsuccessful (Williams 1986b:179). The other Crows protested, "saying it was against his [sic] nature".
         Page 187: Apart from enduring relationships, intercourse with women has sometimes been represented as being possible for [...] the Crow bate.
      • Walter L. Williams, The Spirit and the Flesh: Sexual Diversity in American Indian Culture:
        Joe Medicine Crow, an elder in the Baptist church on the Montana reservation of the Crows, is also keeper of the tribal history among traditionalists. He [....] explained the incident with the BIA agents: "One agent in the late 1890s was named Briskow [...] He tried to interfere with Osh-Tisch, who was the most respected bade. The agent incarcerated the bades, cut off their hair, made them wear men's clothing. He forced the to do manual labor, planting these trees that you see here on the BIA grounds. The people were so upset with this that Chief Pretty Eagle came into Crow Agency, and told Briskow to leave the reservation. It was a tragedy, trying to change them. Briskow was crazy." Considering how little power Indians had on their reservations at the beginning of the century, the strength of the Crows' protest, forcing the agent to resign, is remarkable.

      Dutch

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      Pronunciation

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        This entry needs pronunciation information. If you are familiar with the IPA then please add some!

      Verb

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      bate

      1. (dated or formal) singular present subjunctive of baten

      Noun

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      bate

      1. (archaic) dative singular of baat

      Anagrams

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      Galician

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      Verb

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      bate

      1. inflection of bater:
        1. third-person singular present indicative
        2. second-person singular imperative

      Garo

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      Alternative forms

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      Etymology

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      (This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

      Postposition

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      bate

      1. (follows dative case -na) more than
        angna bate dal·a
        bigger than me

      Gonja

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      Etymology

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      Gikyode bangadɛ, Chumburung bɔŋko̱rɔŋ.

      Noun

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      bate (plural abate)

      1. civet
        Synonym: jaba

      Khumi Chin

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      Pronunciation

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      Noun

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      bate

      1. swelling

      Derived terms

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      References

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      • K. E. Herr (2011), The phonological interpretation of minor syllables, applied to Lemi Chin‎[2], Payap University, page 74

      Kitanemuk

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      Etymology

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      From Proto-Uto-Aztecan *pa. Cognate with Serrano bate.

      Noun

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      bāte

      1. water

      References

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      • Kroeber, Shoshonean Dialects of California, in University of California Publications: American archaeology and ethnology, volume 4, page 81

      Latin

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      Noun

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      bate

      1. vocative singular of batus

      Lindu

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      Noun

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      bate

      1. gravestone

      Makasar

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      Pronunciation

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      • IPA(key): /ˈbate/, [ˈɓa.t̪ʰɛ]
      • Hyphenation: ba‧te

      Noun

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      bate (Lontara spelling ᨅᨈᨙ or 𑻤𑻦𑻵, definite batea)

      1. trace; impression left behind
        Batenamami kubattùi ― I only found its traces.
      2. result of an action
        Bate tannunna ― Her weaving work.
        Jangang bate katuona ― The rooster he has raised.
      3. manner of doing something; way
        Bajiki batenu appallu
        Your way of cooking is good.
        Nipiʼ-nipìsi batenu ammolong
        Make your way of cutting nice and thin.
        Antetong-kamma kau batenu
        Why did you act in such a way?
      4. standard; banner; flag
      5. standard-bearer
      6. former place; original state
        Ammotereʼmi mange pole ribatena
        He returned to his former place.
        Kontu pole ribatena
        Again like its original state.
        Kipakammai ribatena
        We bring it back to its original state.
        Naponna takammàmo ribatena
        And if it is no longer like its former state.
      7. birthmark; skin blemish

      Derived terms

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      affixations
      compounds

      Further reading

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      • Cense, A. A. (1979), Makassaars-Nederlands woordenboek [Makasar-Dutch dictionary], 's-Gravenhage: Martinus Nijhoff, →ISBN, pages 86-87

      Middle English

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      Etymology 1

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      Noun

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      bate

      1. (Catholicon Anglicum; Lancashire, North Riding) alternative form of bot (“boat”)

      Etymology 2

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      Verb

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      bate

      1. alternative form of baten (“to beat”)

      Etymology 3

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      Verb

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      bate

      1. alternative form of baten (“to abate”)

      Old English

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      Pronunciation

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      Noun

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      bāte

      1. inflection of bāt:
        1. dative/genitive singular
        2. nominative plural
        3. accusative singular/plural

      Portuguese

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      bate

      1. inflection of bater:
        1. third-person singular present indicative
        2. second-person singular imperative

      Romanian

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      Alternative forms

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      Etymology

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      Inherited from Latin battere, from earlier battuere. Compare Aromanian bat.

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      a bate (third-person singular present bate, past participle bătut, third-person subjunctive bată) 3rd conjugation

      1. (transitive) to beat (repeatedly hit for various purposes)
        a bate la ușă ― to knock on the door
        a bate untul ― to churn butter
        a bate la mașină ― to type on a typewriter
      2. (transitive) to beat (give a beating)
      3. (reciprocal) to have a fight
      4. (transitive, informal) to defeat
        Synonyms: învinge, înfrânge
      5. (intransitive, of the heart) to beat
      6. (transitive, of the wind) to blow
      7. (transitive, of the sun) to shine
      8. (transitive, of shoes) to wring (cause discomfort)
      9. (transitive) to mint (a coin)

      Conjugation

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          conjugation of bate (third conjugation, past participle in -ut)
      infinitive a bate
      gerund bătând
      past participle bătut
      number singular plural
      person 1st person 2nd person 3rd person 1st person 2nd person 3rd person
      indicative eu tu el/ea noi voi ei/ele
      present bat bați bate batem bateți bat
      imperfect băteam băteai bătea băteam băteați băteau
      simple perfect bătui bătuși bătu băturăm băturăți bătură
      pluperfect bătusem bătuseși bătuse bătuserăm bătuserăți bătuseră
      subjunctive eu tu el/ea noi voi ei/ele
      present să bat să bați să bată să batem să bateți să bată
      imperative — tu — — voi —
      affirmative bate bateți
      negative nu bate nu bateți

      Synonyms

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      Derived terms

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      Further reading

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      Serbo-Croatian

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      Noun

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      bate (Cyrillic spelling бате)

      1. vocative singular of bat

      Serrano

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      Etymology

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      From Proto-Uto-Aztecan *pa.

      Noun

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      bāte

      1. water

      References

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      • Kroeber, Shoshonean Dialects of California, in University of California Publications: American archaeology and ethnology, volume 4, page 81

      Spanish

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      Pronunciation

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      Etymology 1

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        Borrowed from English bat.

        Noun

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        bate m (plural bates)

        1. (sports) bat
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        Etymology 2

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        Noun

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        bate m (plural bates)

        1. (Honduras, slang) reefer, joint (a marijuana cigarette)
          Synonyms: canuto, (Honduras) carruco, (Honduras) leño, porro, (Chile) pito

        Etymology 3

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          See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.

          Verb

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          bate

          1. inflection of batir:
            1. third-person singular present indicative
            2. second-person singular imperative

          Further reading

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          Walloon

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          Etymology

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          From Old French batre, from Late Latin battō, battere, alternative form of Latin battuō, battuere (“beat, pound; fight”).

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          bate

          1. (pronominal) to fight
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