Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/burōną

This Proto-Germanic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Germanic

Etymology

From Proto-Indo-European *bʰerH- (“to carve; split; cut; rub; pierce; strike”). Equivalent to *burō (“bore”) +‎ *-ōną. Cognate with Latin forō (“bore”, verb), Proto-Slavic *borti (“to fight”).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈbu.rɔː.nɑ̃/

Verb

*burōną

1. to drill, pierce
2. to bore

Inflection

Conjugation of *burōną (weak class 2)

	active voice				passive voice
present tense	indicative	subjunctive	imperative		indicative	subjunctive
1st singular	*burō	*burǭ	—		*burōi	?
2nd singular	*burōsi	*burōs	*burō		*burōsai	*burōsau
3rd singular	*burōþi	*burō	*burōþau		*burōþai	*burōþau
1st dual	*burōs	*burōw	—		—	—
2nd dual	*burōþiz	*burōþiz	*burōþiz		—	—
1st plural	*burōmaz	*burōm	—		*burōnþai	*burōnþau
2nd plural	*burōþ	*burōþ	*burōþ		*burōnþai	*burōnþau
3rd plural	*burōnþi	*burōn	*burōnþau		*burōnþai	*burōnþau
past tense	indicative	subjunctive
1st singular	*burōdǭ	*burōdēdį̄
2nd singular	*burōdēz	*burōdēdīz
3rd singular	*burōdē	*burōdēdī
1st dual	*burōdēdū	*burōdēdīw
2nd dual	*burōdēdudiz	*burōdēdīdiz
1st plural	*burōdēdum	*burōdēdīm
2nd plural	*burōdēdud	*burōdēdīd
3rd plural	*burōdēdun	*burōdēdīn
	present	past
participles	*burōndz	*burōdaz

Descendants

• Proto-West Germanic: *borōn
  • Old English: borian
    • Middle English: boren
      • Scots: bore, boir
      • English: bore
        • → Tamil: போர் (pōr)
  • Old Frisian: *boria
    • Saterland Frisian: boorje
    • West Frisian: boarje
  • Old Saxon: borōn
    • Middle Low German: bōren
      • German Low German: bohren
  • Old Dutch: *boron
    • Middle Dutch: bōren
      • Dutch: boren
  • Old High German: borōn
    • Middle High German: boren
      • German: bohren
      • Luxembourgish: bueren
• Old Norse: bora
  • Icelandic: bora
  • Faroese: bora
  • Norwegian: bore
  • Old Swedish: bora, bura
    • Swedish: borra
  • Danish: bore
  • Gutnish: bure, bur', bura