禁錮

See also: 禁锢

Chinese

		to prohibit; to forbid; endure	obstinate disease; restrain; to stop
trad. (禁錮)		禁	錮
simp. (禁锢)		禁	锢
alternative forms		禁固

Pronunciation

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): jìngù

  (Zhuyin): ㄐㄧㄣˋ ㄍㄨˋ

• Cantonese (Jyutping): gam³ gu³
• Southern Min (Hokkien, POJ): kìm-kò͘

---

• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: jìngù
    • Zhuyin: ㄐㄧㄣˋ ㄍㄨˋ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: jìngù
    • Wade–Giles: chin⁴-ku⁴
    • Yale: jìn-gù
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: jinnguh
    • Palladius: цзиньгу (czinʹgu)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡ɕin⁵¹⁻⁵³ ku⁵¹/
• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺
    • Jyutping: gam³ gu³
    • Yale: gam gu
    • Cantonese Pinyin: gam³ gu³
    • Guangdong Romanization: gem³ gu³
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /kɐm³³ kuː³³/
• Southern Min
  • (Hokkien)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: kìm-kò͘
    • Tâi-lô: kìm-kòo
    • Phofsit Daibuun: kiemkox
    • Sinological IPA (Xiamen): /kim²¹⁻⁵³ kɔ²¹/
    • Sinological IPA (Quanzhou): /kim⁴¹⁻⁵⁵⁴ kɔ⁴¹/
    • Sinological IPA (Zhangzhou): /kim²¹⁻⁵³ kɔ²¹/
    • Sinological IPA (Taipei): /kim¹¹⁻⁵³ kɔ¹¹/
    • Sinological IPA (Kaohsiung): /kim²¹⁻⁴¹ kɔ²¹/

Verb

禁錮

1. to imprison
2. (literally, figuratively) to confine; to shackle
3. (archaic) to ban a person from government service

Synonyms

• (to imprison):

edit

• 囚困 (qiúkùn)
• 囚禁 (qiújìn)
• 拘押 (jūyā)
• 監押 / 监押 (jiānyā)
• 監禁 / 监禁 (jiānjìn)
• 關押 / 关押 (guānyā)

• (to confine):

edit

• 主宰 (zhǔzǎi)
• 主張 / 主张 (zhǔzhāng) (archaic)
• 克制 (kèzhì)
• 克治 (kèzhì) (literary)
• 制壓 / 制压 (Taiwanese Hokkien)
• 制禦 / 制御 (zhìyù) (literary)
• 制約 / 制约 (zhìyuē)
• 君 (jūn) (literary)
• 執掌 / 执掌 (zhízhǎng)
• 壓制 / 压制 (yāzhì)
• 壓抑 / 压抑 (yāyì)
• 局 (Zhangzhou Hokkien)
• 局限 (júxiàn)
• 左右 (zuǒyòu)
• 把
• 抑制 (yìzhì)
• 把持 (bǎchí)
• 把控 (bǎkòng)
• 把攬 / 把揽 (bǎlǎn)
• 抵制 (dǐzhì)
• 拘束 (jūshù)
• 按 (àn)
• 按捺 (ànnà) (usually in the negative)
• 控 (literary, or in compounds)
• 控制 (kòngzhì)
• 掌控 (zhǎngkòng)
• 掌握 (zhǎngwò)
• 提控 (tíkòng) (literary)
• 撥弄 / 拨弄 (bōnòng)
• 撙節 / 撙节 (zǔnjié)
• 操控 (cāokòng)
• 操縱 / 操纵 (cāozòng)
• 擺佈 / 摆布 (bǎibù)
• 擺治 / 摆治 (bǎizhì) (regional)
• 支配 (zhīpèi)
• 收斂 / 收敛 (shōuliǎn)
• 束 (literary, or in compounds)
• 束縛 / 束缚 (shùfù)
• 柄 (literary, or in compounds)
• 框 (kuàng)
• 積壓 / 积压 (jīyā) (figurative)
• 節制 / 节制 (jiézhì)
• 節撙 / 节撙 (Quanzhou Hokkien, Xiamen Hokkien)
• 管制 (guǎnzhì)
• 管束 (guǎnshù)
• 約束 / 约束 (yuēshù)
• 統御 / 统御 (tǒngyù) (literary)
• 統治 / 统治 (tǒngzhì)
• 羈束 / 羁束 (jīshù) (literary)
• 裁 (cái) (literary, or in compounds)
• 遏抑 (èyì) (literary)
• 鎮 / 镇 (zhèn)
• 限 (xiàn)
• 限乏 (Xiamen Hokkien)
• 限制 (xiànzhì)
• 駕 / 驾 (jià)
• 駕馭 / 驾驭 (jiàyù) (figurative)

Derived terms

• 非法禁錮 / 非法禁锢 (fēifǎ jìngù)

Japanese

Kanji in this term
禁	錮
きん Grade: 5	こ Grade: S
on'yomi

Alternative spellings
禁固 禁こ

Pronunciation

• (Tokyo) きんこ [kíꜜǹkò] (Atamadaka – [1])
• IPA^(key): [kʲĩŋko̞]

Noun

禁(きん)錮(こ) • (kinko) ^{←きんこ (kinko)?}

1. imprisonment without labor

Verb

禁(きん)錮(こ)する • (kinko suru) ^{←きんこ (kinko)?}suru (stem 禁(きん)錮(こ)し (kinko shi), past 禁(きん)錮(こ)した (kinko shita))

1. to imprison without labor

Conjugation

Conjugation of "禁錮する" (See Appendix:Japanese verbs)

Katsuyōkei ("stem forms")
Mizenkei ("imperfective")	禁錮し	きんこし	kinko shi
Ren’yōkei ("continuative")	禁錮し	きんこし	kinko shi
Shūshikei ("terminal")	禁錮する	きんこする	kinko suru
Rentaikei ("attributive")	禁錮する	きんこする	kinko suru
Kateikei ("hypothetical")	禁錮すれ	きんこすれ	kinko sure
Meireikei ("imperative")	禁錮せよ¹ 禁錮しろ²	きんこせよ¹ きんこしろ²	kinko seyo¹ kinko shiro²
Key constructions
Passive	禁錮される	きんこされる	kinko sareru
Causative	禁錮させる 禁錮さす	きんこさせる きんこさす	kinko saseru kinko sasu
Potential	禁錮できる	きんこできる	kinko dekiru
Volitional	禁錮しよう	きんこしよう	kinko shiyō
Negative	禁錮しない	きんこしない	kinko shinai
Negative continuative	禁錮せず	きんこせず	kinko sezu
Formal	禁錮します	きんこします	kinko shimasu
Perfective	禁錮した	きんこした	kinko shita
Conjunctive	禁錮して	きんこして	kinko shite
Hypothetical conditional	禁錮すれば	きんこすれば	kinko sureba

¹ Written imperative
² Spoken imperative

References

• “禁錮”, in 漢字ぺディア [Kanjipedia]‎^[1] (in Japanese), The Japan Kanji Aptitude Testing Foundation, 2015–2026