批判
Chinese
editto ascertain; (measure word for batches, lots); to act on to ascertain; (measure word for batches, lots); to act on; to criticize; to pass on |
to judge; to sentence; to discriminate to judge; to sentence; to discriminate; to discern | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| trad. (批判) | 批 | 判 | |
| simp. #(批判) | 批 | 判 | |
Pronunciation
edit- Mandarin
- Cantonese (Jyutping): pai1 pun3
- Hakka
- Southern Min (Hokkien, POJ): phoe-phòaⁿ / phe-phòaⁿ
- Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Hanyu Pinyin: pīpàn
- Zhuyin: ㄆㄧ ㄆㄢˋ
- Tongyong Pinyin: pipàn
- Wade–Giles: pʻi1-pʻan4
- Yale: pī-pàn
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh: pipann
- Palladius: пипань (pipanʹ)
- Sinological IPA (key): /pʰi⁵⁵ pʰän⁵¹/
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)+
- Jyutping: pai1 pun3
- Yale: pāi pun
- Cantonese Pinyin: pai1 pun3
- Guangdong Romanization: pei1 pun3
- Sinological IPA (key): /pʰɐi̯⁵⁵ pʰuːn³³/
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)+
- Hakka
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
- Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: phî-phan
- Hakka Romanization System: piˊ pan
- Hagfa Pinyim: pi1 pan4
- Sinological IPA: /pʰi²⁴⁻¹¹ pʰan⁵⁵/
- (Hailu, incl. Zhudong)
- Hakka Romanization System: piˋ pan˖
- Sinological IPA: /pʰi⁵³ pʰan³³/
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
- Southern Min
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, General Taiwanese)
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī: phoe-phòaⁿ
- Tâi-lô: phue-phuànn
- Phofsit Daibuun: phoephvoax
- Sinological IPA (Taipei): /pʰue⁴⁴⁻³³ pʰuã¹¹/
- Sinological IPA (Kaohsiung): /pʰue⁴⁴⁻³³ pʰuã²¹/
- Sinological IPA (Quanzhou): /pʰue³³ pʰuã⁴¹/
- Sinological IPA (Xiamen): /pʰue⁴⁴⁻²² pʰuã²¹/
- (Hokkien: Zhangzhou, variant in Taiwan)
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī: phe-phòaⁿ
- Tâi-lô: phe-phuànn
- Phofsit Daibuun: phephvoax
- Sinological IPA (Kaohsiung): /pʰe⁴⁴⁻³³ pʰuã²¹/
- Sinological IPA (Zhangzhou): /pʰe⁴⁴⁻²² pʰuã²¹/
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, General Taiwanese)
Verb
edit批判
Synonyms
editNoun
edit批判
- critique; comment; criticism
- (philosophy) methodical practice of doubt
- (philosophy) reflective examination of the validity and limits of a human capacity or of a set of philosophical claims
Derived terms
editSee also
editJapanese
edit| Kanji in this term | |
|---|---|
| 批 | 判 |
| ひ Grade: 6 |
はん Grade: 5 |
| kan'yōon | on'yomi |
Pronunciation
edit- Tokyo pitch accent of conjugated forms of 批判する
| Plain | 批判する | ひはん・する | [hìháń sùrú] |
|---|---|---|---|
| Conjunctive | 批判して | ひはん・して | [hìháń shìté] |
| Perfective | 批判した | ひはん・した | [hìháń shìtá] |
| Negative | 批判しない | ひはん・しない | [hìháń shìnáí] |
| Negative perfective | 批判しなかった | ひはん・しなかった | [hìháń shìnáꜜkàttà] |
| Hypothetical conditional | 批判すれば | ひはん・すれば | [hìháń sùréꜜbà] |
| Past conditional | 批判したら | ひはん・したら | [hìháń shìtáꜜrà] |
| Imperative | 批判しろ 批判せよ |
ひはん・しろ ひはん・せよ |
[hìháń shìró] [hìháń séꜜyò] |
| Volitional | 批判しよう | ひはん・しよー | [hìháń shìyóꜜò] |
| Desiderative | 批判したい | ひはん・したい | [hìháń shìtáí] |
| Formal | 批判します | ひはん・します | [hìháń shìmáꜜsù] |
| Formal negative | 批判しません | ひはん・しません | [hìháń shìmáséꜜǹ] |
| Formal volitional | 批判しましょう | ひはん・しましょー | [hìháń shìmáshóꜜò] |
| Formal perfective | 批判しました | ひはん・しました | [hìháń shìmáꜜshìtà] |
| Continuative | 批判し 批判しに |
ひはん・し ひはん・しに |
[hìháń shì] [hìháń shì ní] |
| Negative continuative | 批判せず 批判せずに |
ひはん・せず ひはん・せずに |
[hìháń séꜜzù] [hìháń séꜜzù nì] |
| Passive | 批判される | ひはん・される | [hìháń sàrérú] |
| Causative | 批判させる 批判さす |
ひはん・させる ひはん・さす |
[hìháń sàsérú] [hìháń sàsú] |
| Potential | 批判できる | ひはん・できる | [hìháń dèkíꜜrù] |
Noun
edit- a criticism; a comment
- その記事は多くの批判を受けた。
- Sono kiji wa ōku no hihan o uketa.
- The article faced a lot of criticism.
- 判断力批判
- Handanryoku Hihan
- the Critique of the Power/Faculty of Judgment
- その記事は多くの批判を受けた。
Synonyms
edit- 批評 (hihyō)
Verb
edit批判する • (hihan suru) transitive suru (stem 批判し (hihan shi), past 批判した (hihan shita))
- to criticize
- 花子が太郎を批判した。
- Hanako ga Tarō o hihan shita.
- Hanako criticized Taro.
- 花子が太郎を批判した。
Conjugation
edit| Katsuyōkei ("stem forms") | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| Mizenkei ("imperfective") | 批判し | ひはんし | hihan shi |
| Ren’yōkei ("continuative") | 批判し | ひはんし | hihan shi |
| Shūshikei ("terminal") | 批判する | ひはんする | hihan suru |
| Rentaikei ("attributive") | 批判する | ひはんする | hihan suru |
| Kateikei ("hypothetical") | 批判すれ | ひはんすれ | hihan sure |
| Meireikei ("imperative") | 批判せよ¹ 批判しろ² |
ひはんせよ¹ ひはんしろ² |
hihan seyo¹ hihan shiro² |
| Key constructions | |||
| Passive | 批判される | ひはんされる | hihan sareru |
| Causative | 批判させる 批判さす |
ひはんさせる ひはんさす |
hihan saseru hihan sasu |
| Potential | 批判できる | ひはんできる | hihan dekiru |
| Volitional | 批判しよう | ひはんしよう | hihan shiyō |
| Negative | 批判しない | ひはんしない | hihan shinai |
| Negative continuative | 批判せず | ひはんせず | hihan sezu |
| Formal | 批判します | ひはんします | hihan shimasu |
| Perfective | 批判した | ひはんした | hihan shita |
| Conjunctive | 批判して | ひはんして | hihan shite |
| Hypothetical conditional | 批判すれば | ひはんすれば | hihan sureba |
¹ Written imperative
² Spoken imperative
References
edit- ^ Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN
- ^ NHK Broadcasting Culture Research Institute, editor (2016), NHK日本語発音アクセント新辞典 [New NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary] (in Japanese), Tokyo: NHK Publishing, Inc., →ISBN
- ^ Yamada, Tadao et al., editors (2020), 新明解国語辞典 [Shin Meikai Kokugo Jiten] (in Japanese), Eighth edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN
Further reading
edit- “批判”, in 漢字ぺディア [Kanjipedia][1] (in Japanese), The Japan Kanji Aptitude Testing Foundation, 2015–2026
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