告別

See also: 告别

Chinese

		to tell; to inform; to say	other; distinguish; contrary other; distinguish; contrary; difficult; awkward; leave; depart; separate; classify; another; do not; must not; to pin
trad. (告別)		告	別
simp. (告别)		告	别

Pronunciation

Mandarin
(Pinyin): gàobié

(Zhuyin): ㄍㄠˋ ㄅㄧㄝˊ
Cantonese (Jyutping): gou³ bit⁶
Hakka
(Sixian, PFS): ko-phe̍t

(Hailu, HRS): go^ˇ pied^ˋ
Eastern Min (BUC): gó̤-biĕk
Southern Min (Hokkien, POJ): kò͘-pia̍t / kò-pia̍t

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: gàobié
  - Zhuyin: ㄍㄠˋ ㄅㄧㄝˊ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: gàobié
  - Wade–Giles: kao⁴-pieh²
  - Yale: gàu-byé
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: gawbye
  - Palladius: гаобе (gaobe)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /kɑʊ̯⁵¹ pi̯ɛ³⁵/
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺
  - Jyutping: gou³ bit⁶
  - Yale: gou biht
  - Cantonese Pinyin: gou³ bit⁹
  - Guangdong Romanization: gou³ bid⁶
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /kou̯³³ piːt̚²/
Hakka
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
  - Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: ko-phe̍t
  - Hakka Romanization System: go ped
  - Hagfa Pinyim: go⁴ ped⁶
  - Sinological IPA: /ko⁵⁵ pʰet̚⁵/
- (Hailu, incl. Zhudong)
  - Hakka Romanization System: go^ˇ pied^ˋ
  - Sinological IPA: /ko¹¹ pʰiet²/
Eastern Min
- (Fuzhou)
  - Bàng-uâ-cê: gó̤-biĕk
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /ko²¹³⁻⁵⁵ ^(p-)βieʔ⁵/
Southern Min
- (Hokkien: Quanzhou)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: kò͘-pia̍t
  - Tâi-lô: kòo-pia̍t
  - Phofsit Daibuun: korpiat
  - Sinological IPA (Quanzhou): /kɔ⁴¹⁻⁵⁵⁴ piɛt̚²⁴/
- (Hokkien: General Taiwanese, Xiamen, Zhangzhou)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: kò-pia̍t
  - Tâi-lô: kò-pia̍t
  - Phofsit Daibuun: koirpiat
  - Sinological IPA (Kaohsiung): /kɤ²¹⁻⁴¹ piɛt̚⁴/
  - Sinological IPA (Zhangzhou): /ko²¹⁻⁵³ piɛt̚¹²¹/
  - Sinological IPA (Taipei): /ko¹¹⁻⁵³ piɛt̚⁴/
  - Sinological IPA (Xiamen): /ko²¹⁻⁵³ piɛt̚⁴/

Middle Chinese: kawH bjet

Rime
Character	告	別
Reading #	1/2	1/2
Initial (聲)	見 (28)	並 (3)
Final (韻)	豪 (89)	薛 (83)
Tone (調)	Departing (H)	Checked (Ø)
Openness (開合)	Open	Open
Division (等)	I	III
Fanqie	古到切	皮列切
Baxter	kawH	bjet
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/kɑu^H/	/bˠiᴇt̚/
Pan Wuyun	/kɑu^H/	/bᵚiɛt̚/
Shao Rongfen	/kɑu^H/	/biæt̚/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/kaw^H/	/biat̚/
Li Rong	/kɑu^H/	/bjɛt̚/
Wang Li	/kɑu^H/	/bĭɛt̚/
Bernhard Karlgren	/kɑu^H/	/bʱi̯ɛt̚/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	gào	bié
Expected Cantonese Reflex	gou³	bit⁶

Verb

告別

to bid farewell; to take one's leave from

Synonyms

edit

告辭 / 告辞 (gàocí)
告退 (gàotuì) (literary)
拜別 / 拜别 (bàibié) (literary, polite)
拜辭 / 拜辞 (bàicí) (literary, polite)
相辭 / 相辞 (Hokkien)
辭別 / 辞别 (cíbié) (literary)
辭行 / 辞行 (cíxíng)
送別 / 送别 (sòngbié)

Antonyms

會合／会合 (huìhé)

Japanese

Kanji in this term
告	別
こく Grade: 5	べつ Grade: 4
on'yomi

Alternative spelling
吿別 (kyūjitai)

Etymology

Middle Chinese 告別 (kaw^H bjet)

Pronunciation

(Tokyo) こくべつ [kòkúbétsú] (Heiban – [0])^[1]^[2]
IPA^(key): [ko̞kɯ̟be̞t͡sɨ]

Noun

告(こく)別(べつ) • (kokubetsu)

farewell

Verb

告(こく)別(べつ)する • (kokubetsu suru) suru (stem 告(こく)別(べつ)し (kokubetsu shi), past 告(こく)別(べつ)した (kokubetsu shita))

bid farewell

Conjugation

Conjugation of "告別する" (See Appendix:Japanese verbs)
Katsuyōkei ("stem forms")
Mizenkei ("imperfective")	告別し	こくべつし	kokubetsu shi
Ren’yōkei ("continuative")	告別し	こくべつし	kokubetsu shi
Shūshikei ("terminal")	告別する	こくべつする	kokubetsu suru
Rentaikei ("attributive")	告別する	こくべつする	kokubetsu suru
Kateikei ("hypothetical")	告別すれ	こくべつすれ	kokubetsu sure
Meireikei ("imperative")	告別せよ¹ 告別しろ²	こくべつせよ¹ こくべつしろ²	kokubetsu seyo¹ kokubetsu shiro²
Key constructions
Passive	告別される	こくべつされる	kokubetsu sareru
Causative	告別させる告別さす	こくべつさせるこくべつさす	kokubetsu saseru kokubetsu sasu
Potential	告別できる	こくべつできる	kokubetsu dekiru
Volitional	告別しよう	こくべつしよう	kokubetsu shiyō
Negative	告別しない	こくべつしない	kokubetsu shinai
Negative continuative	告別せず	こくべつせず	kokubetsu sezu
Formal	告別します	こくべつします	kokubetsu shimasu
Perfective	告別した	こくべつした	kokubetsu shita
Conjunctive	告別して	こくべつして	kokubetsu shite
Hypothetical conditional	告別すれば	こくべつすれば	kokubetsu sureba

¹ Written imperative
² Spoken imperative

References

^ Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN
^ NHK Broadcasting Culture Research Institute, editor (1998), NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 [NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary] (in Japanese), Tokyo: NHK Publishing, Inc., →ISBN

“告別”, in 漢字ぺディア [Kanjipedia]‎^[1] (in Japanese), The Japan Kanji Aptitude Testing Foundation, 2015–2026

Korean

Hanja in this term
告	別

Noun

告別 • (gobyeol) (hangeul 고별)

hanja form^? of 고별 (“farewell; parting”)

Vietnamese

chữ Hán Nôm in this term
告	別

Verb

告別

chữ Hán form of cáo biệt (“to bid farewell”)

[DJR-1] Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN

[NHK-2] NHK Broadcasting Culture Research Institute, editor (1998), NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 [NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary] (in Japanese), Tokyo: NHK Publishing, Inc., →ISBN

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