горе

See also: Appendix:Variations of "gore"

Bulgarian

Etymology

From the fossilized locative or dative singular of Proto-Slavic *gorà (“mountain”, literally “to/on the mountain”); compare гора́ (gorá, “mountain”, archaic). Stress shift onto the stem is expected in the locative singular but not the dative singular. However, the parallelism with до́лу (dólu, “down”) (which is definitely derived from a dative singular) suggests that this term, too, may derive from the dative singular, with stress shift by analogy with до́лу (dólu).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [ˈɡɔrɛ]

• Audio (Standard Bulgarian):

  (file)

• Rhymes: -ɔrɛ
• Syllabification^(key): го‧ре

Adverb

го́ре • (góre) (comparative по́-го́ре, superlative на́й-го́ре)

1. up (as a direction)
2. high up (as a position)
3. above
4. higher (in a hierarchy)

Antonyms

• до́лу (dólu, “down”)

Derived terms

• го́рен (góren, “upper, top”)
• наго́ре (nagóre, “up, upwards”)

References

• “горе”, in Речник на българския език [Dictionary of the Bulgarian Language] (in Bulgarian), Sofia: Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, 2014
• “горе”, in Речник на българския език [Dictionary of the Bulgarian Language] (in Bulgarian), Chitanka, 2010

Anagrams

• ерго (ergo)

Macedonian

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [ˈɡɔɾɛ]

Adverb

горе • (gore) (comparative погоре, superlative најгоре)

1. up, upward

See also

• нагоре (nagore)
• угоре (ugore)

Pannonian Rusyn

Etymology

Inherited from Old Slovak hore, hôre. Related to гора (hora).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [ˈɦɔrɛ]
• Rhymes: -ɔrɛ
• Hyphenation: го‧ре

Adverb

горе (hore) (not comparable)

1. up, upward

   Synonyms: догоре (dohore), нагоре (nahore)

   Antonym: долу (dolu)

   пойсц / исц горе ― pojsc / isc hore ― to get more expensive (literally, “to go up”)

   стануц / ставац горе ― stanuc / stavac hore ― to get up (after sleeping or from a sitting or lying position)

   кукурица пошла горе ― kukurica pošla hore ― corn has gotten more expensive

   цени пошли горе ― ceni pošli hore ― the prices have gone up

   ставайце горе, бо уж дзень

   stavajce hore, bo už dzenʹ

   get up, because it's already daytime

Preposition

горе (hore) [with instrumental]

1. up

   Antonym: долу (dolu)

   горе ногами ― hore nohami ― upside down (literally, “up the legs”)

2. along

   Synonym: коло (kolo)

   горе потоком ― hore potokom ― along the stream

3. through

   Near-synonym: по (po)

   горе валалом ― hore valalom ― through the village

Usage notes

• For nouns in the singular, seemingly always uses the masculine instrumental singular ending -ом (-om) regardless of the noun's gender, as seen with гореводом (horevodom).

Related terms

adjectives

• горнї (hornji)

adverbs

• горе-долу (hore-dolu)
• горебздом (horebzdom)
• гореводом (horevodom)
• горездном (horezdnom)
• одгоре (odhore)

References

• Medʹeši, H.; Fejsa, M.; Timko-Djitko, O. (2010), “горе¹”, in Ramač, Ju., editor, Руско-сербски словнїк [Rusyn-Serbian Dictionary] (in Pannonian Rusyn), Novi Sad: Faculty of Philosophy, page 198
• Medʹeši, H.; Fejsa, M.; Timko-Djitko, O. (2010), “горе²”, in Ramač, Ju., editor, Руско-сербски словнїк [Rusyn-Serbian Dictionary] (in Pannonian Rusyn), Novi Sad: Faculty of Philosophy, page 198
• Fejsa, M.; Šlemender, M.; Čelʹovski, S. (2022), “up”, in Анґлийско-руски словнїк [English-Rusyn Dictionary] (in Pannonian Rusyn), Novi Sad: Faculty of Philosophy; Ruska matka, →ISBN, page 355
• Fejsa, M.; Šlemender, M.; Čelʹovski, S. (2022), “upwards”, in Анґлийско-руски словнїк [English-Rusyn Dictionary] (in Pannonian Rusyn), Novi Sad: Faculty of Philosophy; Ruska matka, →ISBN, page 356

Russian

Etymology 1

Inherited from Proto-Slavic *goře. Akin to горе́ть (gorétʹ, “to burn, to be consumed by fire”).

Compare typologically печа́ль (pečálʹ) (akin to печь (pečʹ, “to bake”)).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [ˈɡorʲe]

• Audio:

  (file)

Noun

го́ре • (góre) n inan (genitive го́ря, nominative plural го́ря, genitive plural горь, diminutive го́рюшко)

1. (usually uncountable) grief, distress, sadness
2. (usually uncountable) trouble
3. (usually uncountable) misfortune, disaster

Declension

Declension of го́ре (inan neut-form soft-stem accent-a) 

	singular	plural
nominative	го́ре góre	*го́ря *górja
genitive	го́ря górja	*го́рь *górʹ
dative	го́рю górju	*го́рям *górjam
accusative	го́ре góre	*го́ря *górja
instrumental	го́рем górem	*го́рями *górjami
prepositional	го́ре góre	*го́рях *górjax

Pre-reform declension of го́ре (inan neut-form soft-stem accent-a) 

	singular	plural
nominative	го́ре góre	*го́ря *górja
genitive	го́ря górja	*го́рь *górʹ
dative	го́рю górju	*го́рямъ *górjam
accusative	го́ре góre	*го́ря *górja
instrumental	го́ремъ górem	*го́рями *górjami
prepositional	го́рѣ górě	*го́ряхъ *górjax

Derived terms

• го́ре- (góre-)
• горева́ть impf (gorevátʹ)

Compound words:

• горемы́ка m anim or f anim (goremýka)

Compounds:

• с го́рем попола́м (s górem popolám)

Related terms

• го́рестный (górestnyj)
• го́ресть f (górestʹ)
• го́речь f (górečʹ)
• го́рький (górʹkij), го́рько (górʹko)
• горю́чий (gorjúčij)

Descendants

• → Komi-Zyrian: гӧре (göre) — dialectal
• → Ter Sami: кыэрръя (kïerrja)

Adverb

го́ре • (góre)

1. placed before a word to express one's view that something or someone is not worthy of being called as such; so-called, poor excuse for

   го́ре-кри́тик ― góre-krítik ― criticaster

Descendants

• → Armenian: վայ (vay) (semantic loan)
• → Georgian: ვაი (vai) (semantic loan)

Etymology 2

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [ɡɐˈrʲe]

Adverb

горе́ • (goré)

1. (literary, obsolete) up

   Synonyms: кве́рху (kvérxu), вверх (vverx), наве́рх (navérx)

   возвести́ о́чи горе́ ― vozvestí óči goré ― to look up

   возде́ть ру́ки горе́ ― vozdétʹ rúki goré ― to raise one's hands

Antonyms

• до́лу (dólu)

Etymology 3

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [ɡɐˈrʲe]

Noun

горе́ • (goré) f inan

1. dative/prepositional singular of гора́ (gorá, “mountain / heap”)
   • 1876, Russian Synodal Bible, Mark 13:3:

     И когда́ Он сиде́л на горе́ Елео́нской про́тив хра́ма, спра́шивали Его́ наедине́ Пётр, и Иа́ков, и Иоа́нн, и Андре́й:

     I kogdá On sidél na goré Jeleónskoj prótiv xráma, sprášivali Jevó najediné Pjotr, i Iákov, i Ioánn, i Andréj:

     As he was sitting on the Mount of Olives opposite the temple area, Peter, James, John, and Andrew asked him privately,

Serbo-Croatian

Etymology 1

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ɡôre/
• Hyphenation: го‧ре

Adverb

го̏ре (Latin spelling gȍre)

1. up, above

Further reading

• “горе”, in Hrvatski jezični portal [Croatian language portal] (in Serbo-Croatian), 2006–2026

Etymology 2

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ɡôreː/
• Hyphenation: го‧ре

Adverb

го̏ре̄ (Latin spelling gȍrē)

1. worse

Further reading

• “горе”, in Hrvatski jezični portal [Croatian language portal] (in Serbo-Croatian), 2006–2026

Ukrainian

Etymology

Related to горі́ти (horíty, “to burn, to be consumed by fire”). Cognates include Russian го́ре (góre), Belarusian го́ра (hóra).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [ˈɦɔre]

• Audio:

  (file)

Noun

го́ре • (hóre) n inan (genitive го́ря, uncountable)

1. (uncountable) grief, distress, sadness
2. (uncountable) trouble
3. (uncountable) misfortune, disaster

Declension

Declension of го́ре
(inan sg-only soft neut-form accent-a)

	singular
nominative	го́ре hóre
genitive	го́ря hórja
dative	го́рю hórju
accusative	го́ре hóre
instrumental	го́рем hórem
locative	го́рі hóri
vocative	го́ре hóre

References

• Bilodid, I. K., editor (1970–1980), “горе”, in Словник української мови: в 11 т. [Dictionary of the Ukrainian Language: in 11 vols] (in Ukrainian), Kyiv: Naukova Dumka
• “горе”, in Горох – Словозміна [Horox – Slovozmina, Horokh – Inflection]‎^[1]