Draft:Portal:Prussia

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Portal:Prussia

Prussia (/ˈprʌʃə/; German: Preußen [ˈpʁɔʏsn̩] ^ⓘ; Old Prussian: Prūsija) was a German state centred on the North European Plain. It originated from the 1525 secularization act of the Prussian part of the State of the Teutonic Order. For centuries, the House of Hohenzollern ruled Prussia, expanding its size with the Prussian Army. Prussia, with its capital at Königsberg and then, when it became the Kingdom of Prussia in 1701, Berlin, decisively shaped the history of Germany. Prussia formed the German Empire when it united the German states in 1871. It was de facto dissolved by an emergency decree transferring powers of the Prussian government to German Chancellor Franz von Papen in 1932 and de jure by an Allied decree in 1947.

The name Prussia derives from the Old Prussians who were conquered by the Teutonic Knights – an organized Catholic medieval military order of German crusaders – in the 13th century. In 1308, the Teutonic Knights conquered the region of Pomerelia with Danzig. Their monastic state was mostly Germanised through immigration from central and western Germany, and, in the south, it was Polonised by settlers from Masovia. The imposed Second Peace of Thorn (1466) split Prussia into the western Royal Prussia, a province of Poland, and the eastern Duchy of Prussia, a feudal fief of the Crown of Poland until 1657. After 1525, the Teutonic Order relocated their headquarters to Mergentheim, but managed to keep land in Livonia until 1561. The union of Brandenburg and the Duchy of Prussia in 1618 led to the proclamation of the Kingdom of Prussia in 1701.

Prussia entered the ranks of the great powers shortly after becoming a kingdom. It became increasingly large and powerful in the 18th and 19th centuries. It had a major voice in European affairs under the reign of Frederick the Great (1740–1786). At the Congress of Vienna (1814–15), which redrew the map of Europe following Napoleon's defeat, Prussia acquired rich new territories, including the coal-rich Ruhr. The country then grew rapidly in influence economically and politically, and became the core of the North German Confederation in 1867, and then of the German Empire in 1871. The Kingdom of Prussia was now so large and so dominant in the new Germany that Junkers and other Prussian elites identified more and more as Germans and less as Prussians. (Full article...)

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Prussian blue (also known as Berlin blue, Brandenburg blue, Parisian and Paris blue) is a dark blue pigment produced by oxidation of ferrous ferrocyanide salts. It has the chemical formula Fe₄[Fe(CN)₆]₃. It consists of Fe³⁺ cations, where iron is in the oxidation state of +3, and [Fe(CN)₆]⁴⁻ anions, where iron is in the oxidation state of +2, so, the other name of this salt is iron(III) hexacyanoferrate(II). Turnbull's blue is essentially identical chemically, excepting that it has different impurities and particle sizes—because it is made from different reagents—and thus it has a slightly different color.

Prussian blue was created in the early 18th century and is the first modern synthetic pigment. It is prepared as a very fine colloidal dispersion, because the compound is not soluble in water. It contains variable amounts of other ions and its appearance depends sensitively on the size of the colloidal particles. The pigment is used in paints, it became prominent in 19th-century aizuri-e (藍摺り絵) Japanese woodblock prints, and it is the traditional "blue" in technical blueprints. (Full article...)

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General Images

Image 1Strack's outside staircase (from Prussian National Monument for the Liberation Wars)
Image 2Berlin State Opera, one of several neoclassical buildings on Bebelplatz (from Unter den Linden)
Image 3Jelenia Góra valley within the geomorphological division of Poland (from Jelenia Góra Valley)
Image 4Brandenburg–Prussia (red 1640, red and green 1688) (from Brandenburg–Prussia)
Image 5Cream bar Danzig Highflier (from Danzig Highflyer)
Image 6SPD poster for the 1919 election to the constitutional Prussian State Assembly. It reads: "Women! Equal rights. Equal duties. Vote Social Democratic!" (from Free State of Prussia)
Image 7Stove plates of an iron box stove from 1542 (from Jagdschloss Grunewald)
Image 8Sanssouci (from Sanssouci Park)
Image 9Moses in prayer for his people for help against the Amalekites, supported by the high priests Aaron and Hur" (outside the picture) (from Church of Peace, Potsdam)
Image 10Die Tafelrunde by Menzel. The oval domed "Marble Hall" is the principal reception room of the palace. On the left side, in the purple coat, sits Voltaire; the other guests are Casanova, Marquis d'Argens, La Mettrie, the Keiths, Von Rothenburg, Von Stille and Francesco Algarotti. (from Sanssouci)
Image 11Frederick William, "Great Elector" of Brandenburg–Prussia (from Brandenburg–Prussia)
Image 12The mosque-like Pumping Station (from Sanssouci Park)
Image 13The Prussian estates paying homage to sovereign Frederick William I in Königsberg Castle, 1663 (from Brandenburg–Prussia)
Image 14Dennewitz, monument by Schinkel (from Prussian National Monument for the Liberation Wars)
Image 15Zeughaus (now Deutsches Historisches Museum) (from Unter den Linden)
Image 16Berlin Cathedral (from Unter den Linden)
Image 17Federal states of the Weimar Republic, with Prussia in light gray. After World War I the provinces of Posen and West Prussia came largely to the 2nd Polish Republic; Posen-West Prussia and the West Prussia district were formed from the remaining parts. (from Prussia)
Image 18Picture Gallery (from Sanssouci Park)
Image 19Edict of Potsdam (from Brandenburg–Prussia)
Image 20The Coventry Cross of Nails chapel in the Garrison Church Tower with organ (2024) (from Garrison Church, Potsdam)
Image 21Floor plan of the castle around 1790 (from Jagdschloss Grunewald)
Image 22The Palais am Festungsgraben (2009) (from Palais am Festungsgraben)
Image 23Berlin Cathedral with simplified design (2023) (from Berlin Cathedral)
Image 24Cream-colored Pomeranian (from Pomeranian dog)
Image 25Reconstructed Palais Unter den Linden, 1980 (from Kronprinzenpalais)
Image 26Prussian Confederation offered to incorporate Prussia into the Kingdom of Poland, 1454, Polish Central Archives of Historical Records (from Prussian Confederation)
Image 27Equestrian statue of Frederick the Great, facing east (from Unter den Linden)
Image 28A Greek cross resembling the groundplan of the monument with its arms being of equal length but shorter than the width of their ends (from Prussian National Monument for the Liberation Wars)
Image 29Aerial view of the Garrison Church (1919) (from Garrison Church, Potsdam)
Image 30Growth of Brandenburg-Prussia, 1600–1795 (from Prussia)
Image 31Kronprinzenpalais after remodelling by Johann Heinrich Strack, c. 1890 (from Kronprinzenpalais)
Image 32Franz von Papen, the German chancellor who initiated the Prussian coup d'état (from Free State of Prussia)
Image 33Gardens of Charlottenburg Palace (from Schloss Charlottenburg)
Image 34The terrace gardens, looking down from the palace, towards the park (from Sanssouci)
Image 35A Toy Spaniel, a Dwarf Spitz and a Maltese next to a basket (1855) by Johann Friedrich Wilhelm Wegener [de] (from Pomeranian dog)
Image 36The Berlin Palace (left) with the National Kaiser Wilhelm Monument to Wilhelm I (destroyed 1950), c. 1900 (from Berlin Palace)
Image 37Frederick the Great's grave, Sanssouci (from Sanssouci)
Image 38Side view, showing one of the stoas at the sides of the gate (from Brandenburg Gate)
Image 39Interior of Garrison Church (1920) (from Garrison Church, Potsdam)
Image 40German POWs after the Battle of Königsberg (from King's Gate (Kaliningrad))
Image 41Second Peace of Toruń, 19th-century painting by Marian Jaroczyński (from Prussian Confederation)
Image 42Prussian Homage by Jan Matejko. After admitting the dependence of Prussia to the Polish Crown, Albert of Prussia receives Ducal Prussia as a fief from King Sigismund I the Old of Poland in 1525. (from Prussia)
Image 43Prussia in the German Empire from 1871 to 1918 (from Prussia)
Image 44Krefeld, monument (8 August 1852) (from Prussian National Monument for the Liberation Wars)
Image 45Charlottenburg Palace, Orangerie (from Schloss Charlottenburg)
Image 46Tan Pomeranian (from Pomeranian dog)
Image 47King Frederick William I, "the Soldier-King" (from Prussia)
Image 48Frederick the Great (from Prussian virtues)
Image 49Painting Elector Joachim II of Brandenburg, Lucas Cranach the Younger, around 1570 (from Jagdschloss Grunewald)
Image 50Frederick the Great's sketch for the plan of Sanssouci was the prototype for the palace (north is at the top). A single enfilade of ten principal rooms forms the south-facing corps de logis. To the north, two segmented colonnades form a cour d'honneur. Two flanking service wings (hidden from view, screened by trees and covered by climbing plants) provide the necessary but mundane domestic offices. (from Sanssouci)
Image 51Map with the National Monument within the Victoria Park (from Prussian National Monument for the Liberation Wars)
Image 52Large courtyard parlour (from Jagdschloss Grunewald)
Image 53German territorial losses in the east following World War II. All areas of Germany on the map, except for Saxony and Mecklenburg, had been part of the Free State of Prussia. (from Free State of Prussia)
Image 54The three partitions of Poland (the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth). The Russian Partition (red), the Austrian Partition (green), and the Prussian Partition (blue). (from Kingdom of Prussia)
Image 55King's Gate before the Second World War (from King's Gate (Kaliningrad))
Image 56Western, representative wing, whose entrance was built during World War II (from Imperial Castle, Poznań)
Image 57A miniature Pomeranian from 1915 (from Pomeranian dog)
Image 58George William, Elector of Brandenburg (from Brandenburg–Prussia)
Image 59Gable detail by Otto Lessing: Poseidon taming the horses. (from Neuer Marstall)
Image 60White Pomeranian (from Pomeranian dog)
Image 61Kronprinzenpalais in ruins, 1947 (from Kronprinzenpalais)
Image 62The New Church after the collapse of its tower in 1781. (from Neue Kirche, Berlin)
Image 63The Declaration of Victory After the Battle of Leipzig by Johann Peter Krafft, 1839. Depicting Frederick William III of Prussia, Alexander I of Russia and Francis I of Austria after the Battle of Leipzig in 1813. (from Kingdom of Prussia)
Image 64Gute sheep grazing in the Schlosspark grounds for summer (from Schloss Charlottenburg)
Image 65Replica of the weather vane of the Potsdam Garrison Church (from Garrison Church, Potsdam)
Image 66Neues Museum (from Museum Island)
Image 67Map of the first Hunting Lodge Glienicke, North to the right (Samuel de Suchodolec, 1683) (from Park Glienicke)
Image 68Orangery Palace (from Sanssouci Park)
Image 69Heilsbronn Porch (from Church of Peace, Potsdam)
Image 70Schinkel's sketch for a memorial church. (from Prussian National Monument for the Liberation Wars)
Image 71Garrison Church with Plantage, Picture made between 1928 and 1944 (from Garrison Church, Potsdam)
Image 72Germany – 3rd Reich, 5 Reichsmark 1934 – A (Berlin, w/date). Potsdam Garrison Church with "Day of Potsdam" date, celebrating the reconvening of the new "Reichstag" parliament – 21 March 1933. (from Garrison Church, Potsdam)
Image 73The New Church seen at twilight, with the marble monument of Friedrich Schiller in the foreground. (from Neue Kirche, Berlin)
Image 74Mysłakowice Palace in the 19th century (from Jelenia Góra Valley)
Image 75Corner of Bernauer Straße and Ackerstraße photographed in 1963 and 2011 (from Ackerstraße)
Image 76Commemoration of Nazi links in 2022 in the Marble Gallery. (from New Palace, Potsdam)
Image 77The Teutonic Order (orange) following the Second Peace of Thorn (1466) (from Prussia)
Image 78Hotel Adlon (from Unter den Linden)
Image 79Karpniki palace today (from Jelenia Góra Valley)
Image 80Prussian territorial acquisitions in the 18th century (from Kingdom of Prussia)
Image 81Mock reconstruction and giant posters, in front of the restored Schinkelplatz (from Bauakademie)
Image 82Garden of the palace (from Friedrichsfelde Palace)
Image 83The rare haul by Herter, 1896, however, not on, but at the foot of the Kreuzberg. (from Prussian National Monument for the Liberation Wars)
Image 84Ethnic structure of the eastern regions of Prussia between 1817 and 1823 (from Prussia)
Image 85Eastern end at Schlossbrücke (Palace Bridge) (from Unter den Linden)
Image 86Sanssouci Palace and its reflection in the pond at Sanssouci Park (from Sanssouci)
Image 87Parade on Opernplatz (by Franz Krüger, between 1824 and 1830). In the very background the planting with the linden trees begins towards the Brandenburg Gate. (from Unter den Linden)
Image 88Sauer organ (from Berlin Cathedral)
Image 89Ruin in 1966 shortly before demolition (from Garrison Church, Potsdam)
Image 90Sanssouci Park around 1900 (from Sanssouci Park)
Image 91The Berlin Customs Wall with its eighteen gates, around 1855. The Brandenburger Thor (Brandenburg Gate) is on the left. (from Brandenburg Gate)
Image 92The building as headquarters of the Prussian Finance Ministry (1930) (from Palais am Festungsgraben)
Image 93Berlin, Medal 1818 of Alexander I of Russia, and Friedrich Wilhelm III of Prussia laying the foundation stone in Berlin-Kreuzberg for the monument to commemorate the Wars of Liberation against Napoleon I. (from Prussian National Monument for the Liberation Wars)
Image 94The Church in July 1981, overgrown with weeds and still domeless, its wartime damage still very much apparent. (from Neue Kirche, Berlin)
Image 95Kulturforum (from Staatliche Museen zu Berlin)
Image 96Prussia region with Dutchy of Prussia indicated already as "belonging to the «King of Prussia»" after self-crowning of Frederick I in 1701, map by Herman Moll. (from Duchy of Prussia)
Image 97 Breslaur brown hen (from Breslau Tumbler)
Image 98Tri-colored Pomeranian (from Pomeranian dog)
Image 99Kaiserliche Stairs in Castle (from Imperial Castle, Poznań)
Image 100Kynast (Polish: Chojnik), built ca. 1292, Schaffgotsch family seat after 1360 (from Jelenia Góra Valley)
Image 101Black-red-gold flag of the Weimar Republic (from Free State of Prussia)
Image 102The south-facing garden façade. Frederick the Great ignored his architect's advice to place the piano nobile upon a low ground floor. As a result, the palace failed to take maximum advantage of its location. Its windows are devoid of views, and seen from its lower terraces it appears to be more of an orangery than a palace. (from Sanssouci)
Image 103The Temple of Friendship: constructed south of the main avenue from 1768 to 1770 by Carl von Gontard in memory of Frederick the Great's favourite sister, Margravine Wilhelmine of Bayreuth. The building complements the Antique Temple, which lies due north of the alley. (from Sanssouci)
Image 104Abraham Begeyn: King Frederick I on the Hunt (from Jagdschloss Grunewald)
Image 105Beschädigungen 1951; Ruins of the Neuer Marstall in 1951 (from Neuer Marstall)
Image 106Tea house "Belvedere" in palace garden (from Schloss Charlottenburg)
Image 107"The Flute Concert of Sanssouci" by Adolph von Menzel, 1852, depicts Frederick the Great playing the flute in his music room at Sanssouci. (from Sanssouci)
Image 108Gendarmenmarkt around 1900 (from Gendarmenmarkt)
Image 109Kaiser Wilhelm I (from Prussia)
Image 110Black Pomeranian (from Pomeranian dog)
Image 111View from vineyard (later site of Roman Bench) across estate towards Potsdam (Berger following Lüdtke, 1796) (from Park Glienicke)
Image 112The old Brandenburg Gate in a 1764 engraving, 30 years before its neoclassical reconstruction (from Brandenburg Gate)
Image 113Prussian Crown Jewels, exhibition in the palace (from Schloss Charlottenburg)
Image 114Großgörschen, monument (from Prussian National Monument for the Liberation Wars)
Image 115Red Sable Pomeranian (from Pomeranian dog)
Image 116Spree River side of the Neuer Marstall in 2009 (from Neuer Marstall)
Image 117Detail of the Spree facade (from Neuer Marstall)
Image 118Bebelplatz (from Unter den Linden)
Image 119Map of Lindenau's Ornamental Farm, North to the right (J. G. Hellwig, 1805) (from Park Glienicke)
Image 120Great Sleigh Drive (1678): Frederick William pursues Swedish troops across the frozen Curonian Lagoon; fresco by Wilhelm Simmler, c. 1891 (from Brandenburg–Prussia)
Image 121Brandenburg Gate, inner side by Carl von Gontard (from Brandenburg Gate (Potsdam))
Image 122Allegory of the acts of peace of Frederick I by Jan Anthonie Coxie in the Gobelin Gallery (from Schloss Charlottenburg)
Image 123The Prussian National Monument for the Liberation Wars (from Prussian National Monument for the Liberation Wars)
Image 124The Gartensaal, interior of the building (from Friedrichsfelde Palace)
Image 125Chinese House (from Sanssouci Park)
Image 126Red Danzig Highflier (from Danzig Highflyer)
Image 127The music room with murals from the 18th century (from Friedrichsfelde Palace)
Image 128Monument to Polish cryptologists who first broke Germany's Enigma ciphers (from Imperial Castle, Poznań)
Image 129Köpenick Palace (from Staatliche Museen zu Berlin)
Image 130Berlin Palace / Humboldt Forum (from Unter den Linden)
Image 131Front facade of the Neuer Marstall in 2009 (from Neuer Marstall)
Image 132Imperial Castle (from Imperial Castle, Poznań)
Image 133Roof of the Jagdmuseum (from Jagdschloss Grunewald)
Image 134King Wilhelm I on a black horse with his suite, Bismarck, Moltke, and others, watching the Battle of Königgrätz (from Kingdom of Prussia)
Image 135Deer relief and sandstone tablet above the entrance portal (from Jagdschloss Grunewald)
Image 136Neue Wache (New Guard House) memorial (from Unter den Linden)
Image 137Berlin Cathedral from the Lustgarten (c. 1900) (from Berlin Cathedral)
Image 138Ducal Prussia as a fief of the Polish Crown (striped) in the second half of the 16th century (from Duchy of Prussia)
Image 139The Berlin Wall in front of the gate, shortly before its fall in 1989 (from Brandenburg Gate)
Image 140James Simon Gallery on Museum Island, with the Neues Museum behind (from Staatliche Museen zu Berlin)
Image 141The partially redesigned residence and the Equestrian statue of Friedrich Wilhelm I, 1781 (from Berlin Palace)
Image 142Charlottenhof Palace (from Sanssouci Park)
Image 143Looking northeast towards Barkhausen (foreground), the River Weser, the Green Bridge (old railway bridge), the B 65 bridge (behind) and the village of Neesen on the other side of the river Weser (from Emperor William Monument (Porta Westfalica))
Image 144The Chinese House, designed by Johann Gottfried Büring between 1755 and 1764; a pavilion in the Chinoiserie style: a mixture of rococo elements coupled with Oriental architecture. (from Sanssouci)
Image 145The quadriga and bas-reliefs (from Brandenburg Gate)
Image 146Prince Charles tending trees in Park Glienicke, (H. Lüdeke, around 1880) (from Park Glienicke)
Image 147Pomeranian Coarsewool Sheep (from Pomeranian Coarsewool)
Image 148James Simon Gallery (from Museum Island)
Image 149Situation after the conquest in the late 13th century. Areas in purple under control of the Monastic State of the Teutonic Knights. (from Prussia)
Image 150Schachtzabel 1906 Tafel 84 (from Danzig Highflyer)
Image 151Drachenfels, Monument for the Liberations Wars (from Prussian National Monument for the Liberation Wars)
Image 152Service flag of Prussia, 1933–1935 (from Free State of Prussia)
Image 153Anointment of Frederick III (I) after his coronation as King in Prussia in Königsberg, 1701 (from Brandenburg–Prussia)
Image 154Royal gardens (from Royal Palace, Wrocław)
Image 155The Garrison Church around 1900 (from Garrison Church, Potsdam)
Image 156City model in the tourist information room next to Schlüterhof: the palace at center with the cathedral at right. (from Berlin Palace)
Image 157Landstallmeisterhaus in Trakehnen (from Trakehner)
Image 158Treskow family burial ground (from Friedrichsfelde Palace)
Image 159Demolition of the Berlin Wall at the corner of Bernauer Straße and Ackerstraße in 1990 (from Ackerstraße)
Image 16017th century view of Königsberg (from Duchy of Prussia)
Image 161King Frederick William IV (from Prussia)
Image 162Architectural detail from the central bow of the garden façade: Atlantes and Caryatids. (from Sanssouci)
Image 163Berlin Palace / Humboldt Forum (from Museum Island)
Image 164Liebknecht's balcony, one of the few preserved parts of the pre-war palace, was reused in the State Council Building (Staatsratsgebäude), now housing the European School of Management and Technology. (from Berlin Palace)
Image 165Berlin Palace, the main residence of the House of Hohenzollern (from Kingdom of Prussia)
Image 166The modern Trakehner excels in dressage (from Trakehner)
Image 167Former tenement at number 13, one of the protected historic landmarks in Ackerstraße (from Ackerstraße)
Image 168Clipped hedges and clipped trees keep the allées open (from Sanssouci Park)
Image 169Aerial view of Sanssouci and its terraced gardens (from Sanssouci)
Image 170Coat of arms of the Margraviate of Brandenburg (from Brandenburg–Prussia)
Image 171Aerial photo, c. 1920 (from Berlin Palace)
Image 172Of all of Germany's territorial losses under the Treaty of Versailles, only a small part of the Saar region (in green) had not been part of, or under the administration of, the Kingdom of Prussia.----
  Administered by the League of Nations
  Annexed or transferred to neighbouring countries by the treaty, or later via plebiscite and League of Nations action
  Weimar Germany
(from Free State of Prussia)
Image 173Former Westhafen Granary housing the newspaper department and children's library (from Berlin State Library)
Image 174Expansion of Prussia, 1807–1871 (from Kingdom of Prussia)
Image 175Coat of arms of Ducal Prussia (from Brandenburg–Prussia)
Image 176Otto Braun, who became the Free State of Prussia's longest serving Minister President (from Free State of Prussia)
Image 177Sanssouci around 1900; since then the flagpole and central bench have gone, and most of the trees; compare above right (from Sanssouci)
Image 178Napoleon visited the tomb of Frederick the Great in 1806 (from Garrison Church, Potsdam)
Image 179King Frederick William I of Prussia welcoming the expelled Salzburg Protestants (from Prussia)
Image 180Alte Kommandantur (from Unter den Linden)
Image 181 Breslaur 2004 NPA champion (from Breslau Tumbler)
Image 182The Dragon House was constructed between 1770 and 1772 in the Chinoiserie style on the northern edge of Sanssouci Park. (from Sanssouci Park)
Image 183Mock canvas reconstruction in 2005 (from Bauakademie)
Image 184The building decorated to celebrate the fifth anniversary in 1952 of the House of Soviet Culture/ House of German-Soviet Friendship (from Palais am Festungsgraben)
Image 185Marmorsaal ("Marble Hall") (from Sanssouci)
Image 186Cloisters (from Church of Peace, Potsdam)
Image 187Expansion of Prussia, 1807–1871 (from Prussia)
Image 188Pomeranian (top) on an 1890 illustration (from Pomeranian dog)
Image 189Courtyard of the hunting lodge 2018 (from Jagdschloss Grunewald)
Image 190The Berlin Palace (letter A) on the Memhardt-Plan, 1652 (from Berlin Palace)
Image 191Kronprinzenpalais after its first rebuilding (from Kronprinzenpalais)
Image 192The Berlin Palace with the Pharmacy Wing and the Spree side, c. 1900 (from Berlin Palace)
Image 193Kingdom of Prussia in 1714 (from Prussian virtues)
Image 194Frederick William III by Ernst Gebauer 1826 (from Jagdschloss Grunewald)
Image 195Black-white-red flag of Imperial Germany
Image 196Soviet troops raising the Red Banner on the quadriga after the fall of Berlin (from Brandenburg Gate)
Image 197Barcinek palace (German: Berthelsdorf), neglected and ruinous since 1971 (from Jelenia Góra Valley)
Image 198The so-called Renaissanceplan (from Jagdschloss Grunewald)
Image 199Vandalism by Last Generation activists using orange paint, 17 September 2023 (from Brandenburg Gate)
Image 200White Pomeranian Duck (from Pomeranian duck)
Image 201Map of the Lower Rhenish duchies (from Brandenburg–Prussia)
Image 202The Emperor William Monument in 2006 (from Emperor William Monument (Porta Westfalica))
Image 203The bell tower under reconstruction in 2020 (from Garrison Church, Potsdam)
Image 204Adolf Hitler (from Prussia)
Image 205The Garrison Church with Plantage around 1900 (from Garrison Church, Potsdam)
Image 206The reverse of this medal showing a medallic sculpture of the planned Berlin-Kreuzberg monument. (from Prussian National Monument for the Liberation Wars)
Image 207Charlottenburg Palace entrance at night (from Schloss Charlottenburg)
Image 208The Prussian Homage (by Jan Matejko, 1882, National Museum, Kraków): Albert receives Ducal Prussia as a fief from King Sigismund I of Poland in 1525. (from Duchy of Prussia)
Image 209Diana by Wilhelm Cristian Meyer 1769 KPM (from Jagdschloss Grunewald)
Image 210Original view of the Neue Wache with flanking statues of von Scharnhorst and von Bülow, 1938 (from Neue Wache)
Image 211Soldiers firing round the quadriga in the Spartacist uprising, 7 January 1919 (from Brandenburg Gate)
Image 212A trellised gazebo at Sanssouci. (from Sanssouci Park)
Image 213Aftermath of the Austro-Prussian War (1866):----
  Prussia
  Prussian allies: Italy and 14 German states
  Austria
  Austrian allies: 11 German states
  Neutral states: Liechtenstein, Limburg, Luxembourg, Reuss-Schleiz, Saxe-Weimar-Eisenach, Schwarzburg-Rudolstadt
  Prussian acquisitions: Hanover, Schleswig-Holstein, Hessian Hinterland, Hesse-Kassel, Nassau and Frankfurt
(from Kingdom of Prussia)
Image 214The church lake (from Church of Peace, Potsdam)
Image 215The Supreme Parish Church with its double-tower façade of 1538 with northerly adjacent parts of Berlin's Palace. Miniature shown in the present church building. (from Berlin Cathedral)
Image 216Garrison Church (1920) (from Garrison Church, Potsdam)
Image 217The Renaissance residence (palace) in the 17th century (as painted by Abraham Begeyn) (from Berlin Palace)
Image 218Monument with rebuilt ring terrace, 2018 (from Emperor William Monument (Porta Westfalica))
Image 219Bauakademie, 1888 (from Bauakademie)
Image 220Light-winged variety with unfeathered legs, photographed in bright daylight (from Ice pigeon)
Image 221Uniforms of the Brandenburg–Prussian army in 1698 (from Brandenburg–Prussia)
Image 222Ostpreußische Elchschaufel moose antlers, the Trakehner brand (from Trakehner)
Image 223Statue of the stallion "Tempelhüter" in Verden/Aller (from Trakehner)
Image 224A draft for the redesign based on plans by A. Schlüter, depicted by Schenk, 1702 (from Berlin Palace)
Image 225Christmas illumination (from Unter den Linden)
Image 226Palace Side of the Neuer Marstall in 2009, showing the restored facade (from Neuer Marstall)
Image 227Black and tan Pomeranian (from Pomeranian dog)
Image 228Unter den Linden at night (from Unter den Linden)
Image 229The Castle with its original tower roof in 1929 (from Imperial Castle, Poznań)
Image 230Scharnhorst statue, originally erected next to the Neue Wache (from Neue Wache)
Image 231Carillon in the bell tower (from Garrison Church, Potsdam)
Image 232Brandenburg Gate, outer side by Georg Christian Unger (from Brandenburg Gate (Potsdam))
Image 233The East Wing. The two service wings, virtually hidden from sight by foliage in the time of Frederick the Great, were remodelled in the 19th century by Frederick William IV, who transformed the palace into a more conventional royal residence for family and court use. (from Sanssouci)
Image 234Neuer Marstall and Neptunbrunnen, c. 1900 (from Neuer Marstall)
Image 235Dybów Castle, place of talks between King Casimir IV Jagiellon and the burghers of the Confederation from 1452 (from Prussian Confederation)
Image 236Nazi campaign posters in Berlin, 1932. They read: "Save my Prussia!" (under a picture of Frederick the Great) and "Break Red power through List 8". (from Free State of Prussia)
Image 237Justice Minister Hugo am Zehnhoff (from Free State of Prussia)
Image 238Friedrich III, Emperor Mausoleum c.1900 (from Church of Peace, Potsdam)
Image 239View from the organ gallery (from Church of Peace, Potsdam)
Image 240Großbeeren, monument (from Prussian National Monument for the Liberation Wars)
Image 241Main building of Humboldt University (from Unter den Linden)
Image 242Haus Potsdamer Straße (from Berlin State Library)
Image 243Modern logo of Zamek Culture Centre (from Imperial Castle, Poznań)
Image 244Today's interior of the Neue Wache with Käthe Kollwitz's statue Mother with her dead son (from Neue Wache)
Image 245Music room (Konzertzimmer) (from Sanssouci)
Image 246Landgraf Friedrich by Matthäus Merian the Younger (from Jagdschloss Grunewald)
Image 247Church of Peace (from Sanssouci Park)
Image 248Emperor's throne (from Imperial Castle, Poznań)
Image 249King Frederick William III (from Prussia)
Image 250The memorial circa 1909 (from Emperor William Monument (Porta Westfalica))
Image 251Alte Nationalgalerie (from Museum Island)
Image 252Staircase, 1911 (from Bauakademie)
Image 253Belvedere on the Klausberg (from Sanssouci Park)
Image 254Ackerhalle, late 19th-century market hall at Ackerstraße and Invalidenstraße (from Ackerstraße)
Image 255Fischbach Castle (Polish: Karpniki), summer residence of Prince Wilhelm of Prussia (from Jelenia Góra Valley)
Image 256The provinces of Prussia in 1925. (Ostpreußen=East Prussia; Pommern=Pomerania; Sachsen=Saxony; Niederschlesien=Lower Silesia; Oberschlesien=Upper Silesia) (from Free State of Prussia)
Image 257Aerial view of the gardens of Charlottenburg Palace (from Schloss Charlottenburg)
Image 258Park in Buchwald (Bukowiec),19th century, artificial ruin of abbey, decayed after 1945 (from Jelenia Góra Valley)
Image 259Kaiser Wilhelm II (from Prussia)
Image 260Second wooden Glienicke Bridge and first Hunting Lodge Glienicke (Johann Friedrich Nagel, 1788) (from Park Glienicke)
Image 261The coffins of the casualties of the March Revolution (1848) at the German Church with its old prayer hall from 1708, painting by Adolph Menzel. (from Neue Kirche, Berlin)
Image 262Gendarmenmarkt reconstruction in August 2024 (from Gendarmenmarkt)
Image 263The Royal Mausoleum (from Schloss Charlottenburg)
Image 264The terrace (from Jagdschloss Grunewald)
Image 265
  Territory lost after World War I
  Territory lost after World War II
  Present-day Germany
(from Prussia)
Image 266Portrait of Mr and Mrs William Hallett by Thomas Gainsborough, 1785. The painting features a larger type of Pomeranian than is now common. (from Pomeranian dog)
Image 267Pergamon Museum (from Museum Island)
Image 268View from Pariser Platz in June 1945, after the fall of Berlin (from Brandenburg Gate)
Image 269Spree River side with Berlin Cathedral, c. 1900 (from Neuer Marstall)
Image 270Prussian King's Crown (Hohenzollern Castle Collection) (from Prussia)
Image 271View of the interior of the Supreme Parish Church in 1705 (the only known graphic with this view) (from Berlin Cathedral)
Image 272King's Gate before the Second World War (from King's Gate (Kaliningrad))
Image 273Frieze above the main entrance (from Friedrichsfelde Palace)
Image 274A 19th century allegory visualizing the emergence of Brandenburg–Prussia through the marriage of John Sigismund, Margrave of Brandenburg to Duchess Anna of Prussia (from Brandenburg–Prussia)
Image 275Porcelain Cabinet (from Schloss Charlottenburg)
Image 276Ruin in April 1945 (from Garrison Church, Potsdam)
Image 277Palace chapel (from Schloss Charlottenburg)
Image 278Tactile scale model of Museum Island (from Museum Island)
Image 279Main house of the Villa Massimo (from Villa Massimo)
Image 280Otto von Bismarck (from Prussia)
Image 281Map of Pleasure Ground Glienicke, (P. J. Lenné, 1816) (from Park Glienicke)
Image 282The Prussian King's Crown (Hohenzollern Castle Collection) (from Kingdom of Prussia)
Image 283The "Great Elector" and his wife (from Prussia)
Image 284Map of the current states of Germany (in dark green) that are completely or mostly situated inside the old borders of Imperial Germany's Kingdom of Prussia (from Prussia)
Image 285Oswald Spengler (from Prussian virtues)
Image 286Humboldt Forum (from Staatliche Museen zu Berlin)
Image 287Prussian deportations (Polenausweisungen) were the mass expulsions of ethnic Poles between 1885 and 1890. (from Prussia)
Image 288J. Stridbeck, LindenAllee 1691 (from Unter den Linden)
Image 289The Baroque Schlüterhof, interior courtyard of the palace (painting by Gaertner, 1830) (from Berlin Palace)
Image 290 Silver bar Danzig Highflier (from Danzig Highflyer)
Image 291Garrison Church (still under construction) in August 2023 (from Garrison Church, Potsdam)
Image 292Attack of the Prussian infantry at the Battle of Hohenfriedberg in 1745 (from Kingdom of Prussia)
Image 293King Frederick II, "the Great" (from Prussia)
Image 294Original portal of the Bauakademie, installed in the Schinkelklause at the Kronprinzenpalais (from Bauakademie)
Image 295An early 19th-century engraving comparing the recently constructed Brandenburg Gate (lower picture) to (an imagined restoration of) its historical model: the Propylaea of the Acropolis of Athens (from Brandenburg Gate)
Image 296The courtyard of Glienicke Palace (from Glienicke Palace)
Image 297New Palace (from Sanssouci Park)
Image 298Der Koenig dem Volke (from Prussian National Monument for the Liberation Wars)
Image 299Foundation act of the Prussian Confederation from 1440 (from Prussian Confederation)
Image 300Market place of Jelenia Góra, centre of Jelenia Góra valley (from Jelenia Góra Valley)
Image 301Looking east towards Barkhausen (foreground), the B 61 (Portastraße) bridge over the Weser, the Jakobsberg Transmission Tower (Weser Hills) and the villages of Lerbeck (by the wood) and Neesen (left) on the far side of the Weser (from Emperor William Monument (Porta Westfalica))
Image 302Brandenburg Gate at Pariser Platz, which marks the western terminus (from Unter den Linden)
Image 303Paul Hirsch, Prussian leader of the Majority SPD (MSPD) (from Free State of Prussia)
Image 304King's Gate before reconstruction in 2004 (from King's Gate (Kaliningrad))
Image 305Garden-courtyard in Glienicke (1837) by August C. Haun (from Glienicke Palace)
Image 306Jagdschloss Grunewald (from Jagdschloss Grunewald)
Image 307Ronald Reagan speaking at the gate section of the Berlin Wall on 12 June 1987, challenging Mikhail Gorbachev to "tear down this wall!" (from Brandenburg Gate)
Image 308Paul von Hindenburg (from Prussia)
Image 309The Supreme Parish Church in 1736 with its new towers (from Berlin Cathedral)
Image 310Painting of Prince Elector Joachim II of Brandenburg by Lucas Cranach the Elder, around 1520. (from Jagdschloss Grunewald)
Image 311Abakans, sculptures by Magdalena Abakanowicz in Poznań Castle's rose garden (from Imperial Castle, Poznań)
Image 312Fountain with lions (from Imperial Castle, Poznań)
Image 313Unter den Linden (by Eduard Gaertner, 1852). In the background is the Berlin Palace. (from Unter den Linden)
Image 314Golden Gallery (Goldene Galerie) in the New Wing (Neuer Flügel) (from Schloss Charlottenburg)
Image 315Section of the street as part of the Gedenkstätte Berliner Mauer, photographed in 2011 (from Ackerstraße)
Image 316Statue of Friedrich Wilhelm (der Große Kurfürst), Elector of Brandenburg in the cour d'honneur of the palace (from Schloss Charlottenburg)
Image 317King Frederick William I of Prussia (from Prussian virtues)
Image 318Dahlem Museums (from Staatliche Museen zu Berlin)
Image 319Jelenia Góra Valley - view from Karkonosze (Giant) Mountains to Kaczawskie Mountains. (from Jelenia Góra Valley)
Image 320Woehl organ (from Church of Peace, Potsdam)
Image 321The Alte Nationalgalerie in Berlin (from Prussia)
Image 322Wolfshagen (a locality of Uckerland), Monument for the Liberations Wars (from Prussian National Monument for the Liberation Wars)
Image 323Anti-Nazi march of the SPD in Berlin, 1930. The sign reads: "Nazi victory will lead Germany to a civil war." (from Free State of Prussia)
Image 324Orange sable Pomeranian (from Pomeranian dog)
Image 325Fort Arguin (1721) (from Brandenburg–Prussia)
Image 326In 1649, Kursenieki settlements along the Baltic coastline of East Prussia spanned from Memel (Klaipėda) to Danzig (Gdańsk). (from Prussia)
Image 327The Berlin Cathedral c. 1900 (from Prussia)
Image 328Map showing the main points of interest (from Unter den Linden)
Image 329The King's Gate in 2017. (from King's Gate (Kaliningrad))
Image 330A four-year-old mare (from Silesian Warmblood)
Image 331Frederick I, King in Prussia (from Prussia)
Image 332New reading room in the Haus Unter den Linden (from Berlin State Library)
Image 333View with the monument and the greyish-turquoise pyramidal roof of the guard's house (lower centre), 1829 by Hintze (from Prussian National Monument for the Liberation Wars)
Image 334Ballroom (from Friedrichsfelde Palace)
Image 335Statues on the facade of King's Gate (from King's Gate (Kaliningrad))
Image 336Parade in the Opernplatz in Berlin by Franz Krüger, 1830. The Neue Wache is on the right. (from Neue Wache)
Image 337Frontal view with the Pariser Platz looking west towards Straße des 17. Juni (from Brandenburg Gate)
Image 338Siege of Stettin in 1677 (from Brandenburg–Prussia)
Image 339The Prussian Crown Jewels, Charlottenburg Palace, Berlin (from Kingdom of Prussia)
Image 340The building history of Charlottenburg Palace (from Schloss Charlottenburg)
Image 341Schloßplatz in 1900; on the center right is the Neuer Marstall. The Rotes Rathaus is in the background. (from Neuer Marstall)
Image 342Front facade of the Neuer Marstall in 1901 (from Neuer Marstall)
Image 343Polish language distribution (light blue) in 1910 (from Prussia)
Image 344The Prussian House of Representatives, seat of the Landtag of Prussia (from Free State of Prussia)
Image 345Prussia (orange) and its territories lost after the War of the Fourth Coalition (other colours) (from Kingdom of Prussia)
Image 346The organ in 1964 – on the floor the rubble of the dome, destroyed in an Allied bombing 1944 (from Berlin Cathedral)
Image 347Carl Severing, as Prussian minister of the Interior, he was key in democratising the state's administration. (from Free State of Prussia)
Image 348The Chinese House (from Chinese House (Potsdam))
Image 349The Brandenburg Navy on the Open Sea by Lieve Pietersz Verschuier, 1684 (from Brandenburg–Prussia)
Image 350Chocolate Pomeranian (from Pomeranian dog)
Image 351Place card for the inauguration dinner 1896 (from Emperor William Monument (Porta Westfalica))
Image 352The glass prism (with eternal flame) in 1987 (from Neue Wache)
Image 353Johann Sebastian Bach played the organ of the Garrison Church in 1747 (from Garrison Church, Potsdam)
Image 354Jagdschloss Grunewald from the lake side (from Jagdschloss Grunewald)
Image 355Elsfleth (in Oldenburg was never part of Prussia, but influence in design is visible) (from Prussian National Monument for the Liberation Wars)