repugnar

Catalan

Etymology

From Latin repugnō (“I fight against, I oppose”).

Pronunciation

• Audio (Barcelona):

  (file)

Verb

repugnar (first-person singular present repugno, first-person singular preterite repugní, past participle repugnat)

1. (transitive) to disgust, to revolt
2. (intransitive) to be loath (de to)

Related terms

• repugnància
• repugnant

Further reading

• “repugnar”, in Gran Diccionari de la Llengua Catalana, Grup Enciclopèdia Catalana, 2026

Ido

Etymology

Borrowed from English repugnant, French répugner, Italian ripugnare, Spanish repugnar, ultimately from Latin repugnāre.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /re.puŋ.ˈɡar/

Verb

repugnar (present tense repugnas, past tense repugnis, future tense repugnos, imperative repugnez, conditional repugnus)

1. (transitive) to disgust, to be repugnant to

Conjugation

Conjugation of repugnar

		present		past		future
infinitive		repugnar		repugnir		repugnor
tense		repugnas		repugnis		repugnos
conditional		repugnus		—		—
imperative		repugnez		—		—
adjective active participle		repugnanta		repugninta		repugnonta
adverbial active participle		repugnante		repugninte		repugnonte
nominal active participle	singular	repugnanto		repugninto		repugnonto
	plural	repugnanti		repugninti		repugnonti
adjective passive participle		repugnata		repugnita		repugnota
adverbial passive participle		repugnate		repugnite		repugnote
nominal passive participle	singular	repugnato		repugnito		repugnoto
	plural	repugnati		repugniti		repugnoti

Derived terms

• repugno (“disgust, repugnance, revulsion”)
• repugnanta (“repugnant, repulsive, distasteful”)
• repugneso (“disgust, repugnance, revulsion”)
• repugnesar (“recoil, have a repugnance, have a dislike for”)
• repugniva (“repugnant, repulsive”)

Portuguese

Etymology

Etymology tree

Proto-Italic *wre-

Latin re-

Proto-Indo-European *pewǵ-der.

Proto-Indo-European *puǵnos

Proto-Italic *pugnos

Latin pugnus

Proto-Indo-European *-h₂

Proto-Indo-European *-éh₂

Proto-Indo-European *-yéti

Proto-Indo-European *-eh₂yéti

Proto-Indo-European *-h₂tiinflu.

Proto-Italic *-ājō

Proto-Italic *-āō

Latin -ō

Latin pugno

Latin repugnārebor.

Portuguese repugnar

Borrowed from Latin repugnāre.

Pronunciation

 

• (Brazil) IPA^(key): /ʁe.pu.ɡiˈna(ʁ)/ [he.pu.ɡiˈna(h)], /ʁe.puɡˈna(ʁ)/ [he.puɡˈna(h)]

• (Brazil) IPA^(key): /ʁe.pu.ɡiˈna(ʁ)/ [he.pu.ɡiˈna(h)], /ʁe.puɡˈna(ʁ)/ [he.puɡˈna(h)]
  • (São Paulo) IPA^(key): /ʁe.pu.ɡiˈna(ɾ)/ [he.pu.ɡiˈna(ɾ)], /ʁe.puɡˈna(ɾ)/ [he.puɡˈna(ɾ)]
  • (Rio de Janeiro) IPA^(key): /ʁe.pu.ɡiˈna(ʁ)/ [χe.pu.ɡiˈna(χ)], /ʁe.puɡˈna(ʁ)/ [χe.puɡˈna(χ)]
  • (Caipira) IPA^(key): /ʁe.pu.ɡiˈna(ɻ)/ [he.pu.ɡiˈna(ɻ)], /ʁe.puɡˈna(ɻ)/ [he.puɡˈna(ɻ)]

 

• (Portugal) IPA^(key): /ʁɨ.pu.ɡiˈnaɾ/ [ʁɨ.pu.ɣiˈnaɾ]

• (Portugal) IPA^(key): /ʁɨ.pu.ɡiˈnaɾ/ [ʁɨ.pu.ɣiˈnaɾ]
  • (Southern Portugal) IPA^(key): /ʁɨ.pu.ɡiˈna.ɾi/

• Hyphenation: re‧pug‧nar

Verb

repugnar (first-person singular present repugno, first-person singular preterite repugnei, past participle repugnado)

1. to be repugnant

   Synonym: enojar

Conjugation

    Conjugation of repugnar (See Appendix:Portuguese verbs)

	Singular			Plural
	First-person (eu)	Second-person (tu)	Third-person (ele / ela / você)	First-person (nós)	Second-person (vós)	Third-person (eles / elas / vocês)
Infinitive
Impersonal	repugnar
Personal	repugnar	repugnares	repugnar	repugnarmos	repugnardes	repugnarem
Gerund
	repugnando
Past participle
Masculine	repugnado			repugnados
Feminine	repugnada			repugnadas
Indicative
Present	repugno	repugnas	repugna	repugnamos	repugnais	repugnam
Imperfect	repugnava	repugnavas	repugnava	repugnávamos	repugnáveis	repugnavam
Preterite	repugnei	repugnaste	repugnou	repugnamos1, repugnámos2	repugnastes	repugnaram
Pluperfect	repugnara	repugnaras	repugnara	repugnáramos	repugnáreis	repugnaram
Future	repugnarei	repugnarás	repugnará	repugnaremos	repugnareis	repugnarão
Conditional	repugnaria	repugnarias	repugnaria	repugnaríamos	repugnaríeis	repugnariam
Subjunctive
Present	repugne	repugnes	repugne	repugnemos	repugneis	repugnem
Imperfect	repugnasse	repugnasses	repugnasse	repugnássemos	repugnásseis	repugnassem
Future	repugnar	repugnares	repugnar	repugnarmos	repugnardes	repugnarem
Imperative
Affirmative		repugna	repugne	repugnemos	repugnai	repugnem
Negative (não)		não repugnes	não repugne	não repugnemos	não repugneis	não repugnem

¹Brazilian Portuguese.
²European Portuguese.

Related terms

• repugnância
• repugnante

Further reading

• “repugnar”, in Dicionário Aulete Digital (in Portuguese), Rio de Janeiro: Lexikon Editora Digital, 2008–2026
• “repugnar”, in Dicionário Priberam da Língua Portuguesa (in Portuguese), Lisbon: Priberam, 2008–2026

Spanish

Etymology

Etymology tree

Proto-Italic *wre-

Latin re-

Proto-Indo-European *pewǵ-der.

Proto-Indo-European *puǵnos

Proto-Italic *pugnos

Latin pugnus

Proto-Indo-European *-h₂

Proto-Indo-European *-éh₂

Proto-Indo-European *-yéti

Proto-Indo-European *-eh₂yéti

Proto-Indo-European *-h₂tiinflu.

Proto-Italic *-ājō

Proto-Italic *-āō

Latin -ō

Latin pugno

Latin repugnārebor.

Spanish repugnar

Borrowed from Latin repugnāre.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /repuɡˈnaɾ/ [re.puɣ̞ˈnaɾ]
• Rhymes: -aɾ
• Syllabification: re‧pug‧nar

Verb

repugnar (first-person singular present repugno, first-person singular preterite repugné, past participle repugnado)

1. (intransitive) to disgust

   Synonyms: asquear, repeler, disgustar

Conjugation

    Conjugation of repugnar (See Appendix:Spanish verbs)

infinitive			repugnar
gerund			repugnando
past participle				masculine		feminine
		singular		repugnado		repugnada
		plural		repugnados		repugnadas
		singular			plural
		1st person	2nd person	3rd person	1st person	2nd person	3rd person
indicative		yo	tú vos	él/ella/ello usted	nosotros nosotras	vosotros vosotras	ellos/ellas ustedes
	present	repugno	repugnastú repugnásvos	repugna	repugnamos	repugnáis	repugnan
	imperfect	repugnaba	repugnabas	repugnaba	repugnábamos	repugnabais	repugnaban
	preterite	repugné	repugnaste	repugnó	repugnamos	repugnasteis	repugnaron
	future	repugnaré	repugnarás	repugnará	repugnaremos	repugnaréis	repugnarán
	conditional	repugnaría	repugnarías	repugnaría	repugnaríamos	repugnaríais	repugnarían
subjunctive		yo	tú vos	él/ella/ello usted	nosotros nosotras	vosotros vosotras	ellos/ellas ustedes
	present	repugne	repugnestú repugnésvos2	repugne	repugnemos	repugnéis	repugnen
	imperfect (ra)	repugnara	repugnaras	repugnara	repugnáramos	repugnarais	repugnaran
	imperfect (se)	repugnase	repugnases	repugnase	repugnásemos	repugnaseis	repugnasen
	future1	repugnare	repugnares	repugnare	repugnáremos	repugnareis	repugnaren
imperative		—	tú vos	usted	nosotros nosotras	vosotros vosotras	ustedes
	affirmative		repugnatú repugnávos	repugne	repugnemos	repugnad	repugnen
	negative		no repugnes	no repugne	no repugnemos	no repugnéis	no repugnen

¹Rare; now chiefly used in legal language.
²Argentine and Uruguayan voseo prefers the tuteo-form for the present subjunctive.

    Selected combined forms of repugnar

These forms are generated automatically and may not actually be used. Pronoun usage varies by region.

		singular			plural
		1st person	2nd person	3rd person	1st person	2nd person	3rd person
with infinitive repugnar	dative	repugnarme	repugnarte	repugnarle, repugnarse	repugnarnos	repugnaros	repugnarles, repugnarse
	accusative	repugnarme	repugnarte	repugnarlo, repugnarla, repugnarse	repugnarnos	repugnaros	repugnarlos, repugnarlas, repugnarse
with gerund repugnando	dative	repugnándome	repugnándote	repugnándole, repugnándose	repugnándonos	repugnándoos	repugnándoles, repugnándose
	accusative	repugnándome	repugnándote	repugnándolo, repugnándola, repugnándose	repugnándonos	repugnándoos	repugnándolos, repugnándolas, repugnándose
with informal second-person singular tuteo imperative repugna	dative	repúgname	repúgnate	repúgnale	repúgnanos	not used	repúgnales
	accusative	repúgname	repúgnate	repúgnalo, repúgnala	repúgnanos	not used	repúgnalos, repúgnalas
with informal second-person singular voseo imperative repugná	dative	repugname	repugnate	repugnale	repugnanos	not used	repugnales
	accusative	repugname	repugnate	repugnalo, repugnala	repugnanos	not used	repugnalos, repugnalas
with formal second-person singular imperative repugne	dative	repúgneme	not used	repúgnele, repúgnese	repúgnenos	not used	repúgneles
	accusative	repúgneme	not used	repúgnelo, repúgnela, repúgnese	repúgnenos	not used	repúgnelos, repúgnelas
with first-person plural imperative repugnemos	dative	not used	repugnémoste	repugnémosle	repugnémonos	repugnémoos	repugnémosles
	accusative	not used	repugnémoste	repugnémoslo, repugnémosla	repugnémonos	repugnémoos	repugnémoslos, repugnémoslas
with informal second-person plural imperative repugnad	dative	repugnadme	not used	repugnadle	repugnadnos	repugnaos	repugnadles
	accusative	repugnadme	not used	repugnadlo, repugnadla	repugnadnos	repugnaos	repugnadlos, repugnadlas
with formal second-person plural imperative repugnen	dative	repúgnenme	not used	repúgnenle	repúgnennos	not used	repúgnenles, repúgnense
	accusative	repúgnenme	not used	repúgnenlo, repúgnenla	repúgnennos	not used	repúgnenlos, repúgnenlas, repúgnense

Related terms

• repugnancia
• repugnante

Further reading

• “repugnar”, in Diccionario de la lengua española [Dictionary of the Spanish Language] (in Spanish), online version 23.8.1, Royal Spanish Academy [Spanish: Real Academia Española], 15 December 2025