Wiktionary

mast

See also: Mast, MAST, masť, mást, måst, and mast-

English

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Pronunciation

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Etymology 1

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From Middle English mast, from Old English mæst (“mast”), from Proto-West Germanic *mast, from Proto-Germanic *mastaz (“mast, sail-pole”), from Proto-Indo-European *mazdos (“pole, mast”).

Cognate with Dutch mast, German Mast, and via Indo-European with Latin mālus, Russian мост (most, “bridge”), Irish adhmad.

Noun

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mast (plural masts)

 
Masts of the Grand Turk, 2005.
  1. (nautical, communication, aviation) A tall, slim post or tower, usually tapering upward, used to support, for example, sails or observation platforms on a ship, the main rotor of a helicopter, flags, floodlights, meteorological instruments, or communications equipment, such as an aerial, usually supported by guy-wires (except in the case of a helicopter). [from 9th c.]
  2. (naval) A non-judicial punishment ("NJP"); a disciplinary hearing under which a commanding officer studies and disposes of cases involving those under his command. [from 17th c.]
Hyponyms
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(tall, slim post on a ship):

Derived terms
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Translations
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Verb

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mast (third-person singular simple present masts, present participle masting, simple past and past participle masted)

  1. To supply and fit a mast to (a ship). [from 16th c.]
Derived terms
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Translations
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See also

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other terms

Etymology 2

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From Old English mæst (“fallen nuts, food for swine”) and mæstan (“to fatten”), from West Germanic; probably related to meat.

English Wikipedia has an article on:
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Noun

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mast (countable and uncountable, plural masts)

  1. The fruit of forest-trees (beech, oak, chestnut, pecan, etc.), especially if having fallen from the tree, used as fodder for pigs and other animals. [from 10th c.]
    • 1614–1615, Homer, “The Tenth Booke of Homers Odysses”, in Geo[rge] Chapman, transl., Homer’s Odysses. […], London: […] Rich[ard] Field [and William Jaggard], for Nathaniell Butter, published 1615, →OCLC, page 151:
      She ſhut them ſtraight in ſties; and gaue them meate / Oke-maſt, and beech, and Cornell fruite, they eate, […]
    • 1697, Virgil, “The Second Book of the Georgics”, in John Dryden, transl., The Works of Virgil: Containing His Pastorals, Georgics, and Æneis. […], London: […] Jacob Tonson, […], →OCLC, page 93, lines 755–756:
      The Winter comes, and then the falling Maſt, / For greedy Swine, provides a full repaſt.
    • 1715, Robert South, “A Sermon on Proverbs i. 32.”, in Twelve Sermons Preached at Several Times, and upon Several Occasions, volume IV, London: […] G. James, for Jonah Bowyer […], →OCLC, pages 73–74:
      [T]hey feed and grovel like Swine under an Oak, filling themſelves with the Maſt, but never ſo much as looking up, either to the Bows that bore, or the Hands that ſhook it down.
    • 1955, Robin Jenkins, The Cone-Gatherers, Canongate, published 2012, page 162:
      He […] would begin to pick up the seed-cases or mast, squeeze each one with his fingers to see if it were fertile, and drop it if it were not.
    • 1999, Robert Lacey, Danny Danziger, The Year 1000: What life was like at the turn of The First Millennium, London: Abacus, published 2000, page 134:
      The cultivated harvest in the fields was matched by the woodland ‘mast’ of beechnuts, acorns, chestnuts, and other fruits of the forest.
Derived terms
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Translations
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Verb

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mast (third-person singular simple present masts, present participle masting, simple past and past participle masted)

  1. (of swine and other animals) To feed on forest seed or fruit.
  2. (agriculture, forestry, ecology, of a population of plants) To produce a very large quantity of fruit or seed in certain years but not others.
    • 1985, Michael Fenner, Seed ecology‎[1], page 33:
      Any individual tree which masted in a generally non-mast year would be subjected to the exclusive attention of the seed predators and so would be selected against.
    • 2004, Michael Scherer-Lorenzen, Christian Körner, Ernst-Detlef Schulze, Forest Diversity and Function: Temperate and Boreal Systems‎[2], page 28:
      However, if this were true, all or most masting species (e.g., Fagus and Quercus) in a forest would have to mast in synchrony to be effective against generalist herbivores.
    • 2008, Chris Rowthorn, Muhammad Cohen, China Williams, Borneo‎[3], page 50:
      Because dipterocarp seeds are winged and spin gracefully as they fall, the dispersal of millions of dipterocarp seeds during a masting event is one of the greatest spectacles that you can see on planet Earth.

Etymology 3

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Clipping of Masteron.

Noun

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mast (uncountable)

  1. (bodybuilding slang) The anabolic steroid drostanolone propionate, also known as Masteron

Etymology 4

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From French masse, with -t probably after Etymology 1, above.

Noun

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mast (plural masts)

  1. (obsolete, billiards) A type of heavy cue, with the broad end of which one strikes the ball. [18th–19th c.]
    • 1751, [Tobias] Smollett, The Adventures of Peregrine Pickle […], volume (please specify |volume=I to IV), London: Harrison and Co., […], →OCLC:
      Godfrey thus conquered, pretended to lose his temper, curs'd his own ill luck, swore that the table had a cast, and that the balls did not run true, changed his mast, and with great warmth challenged his enemy to double his sum.
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Anagrams

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Czech

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Czech Wikipedia has an article on:
Wikipedia cs

Etymology

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Inherited from Old Czech mast, from Proto-Slavic *mastь.

Pronunciation

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Noun

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mast f

  1. ointment

Declension

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Declension of mast (mixed i-stem [type 'pěst'] feminine)
singular plural
nominative mast masti
genitive masti mastí
dative masti mastím, mastem
accusative mast masti
vocative masti masti
locative masti mastích, mastech
instrumental mastí mastmi

Derived terms

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Further reading

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Danish

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Etymology

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Borrowed from Middle Low German mast, from Old Saxon *mast, from Proto-West Germanic *mast.

Noun

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mast c (singular definite masten, plural indefinite master)

  1. mast

Dutch

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Pronunciation

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Etymology 1

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    From Middle Dutch mast, from Old Dutch *mast, from Proto-West Germanic *mast, from Proto-Germanic *mastaz.

    Noun

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    mast m (plural masten, diminutive mastje n)

    1. mast (pole on a ship, to which sails can be rigged)
    Derived terms
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    Descendants
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    • Afrikaans: mas
    • Negerhollands: mast
    • → Japanese: マスト

    Etymology 2

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      From Middle Dutch mast, from the root of met (“meat”), similar to German Mast.

      Noun

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      mast m (plural masten, diminutive mastje n)

      1. mast, fodder for pigs or other animals made up of acorns and beechnuts

      Anagrams

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      Estonian

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      Etymology

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      From either Middle Low German mast or German Mast.

      Pronunciation

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      Noun

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      mast (genitive masti, partitive masti)

      1. mast
      2. (card games) suit
      3. (poker) flush

      Declension

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      Declension of mast (ÕS type 22e/riik, length gradation)
      singular plural
      nominative mast mastid
      accusative nom.
      gen. masti
      genitive mastide
      partitive masti maste
      mastisid
      illative masti
      mastisse       		mastidesse
      mastesse
      inessive mastis mastides
      mastes
      elative mastist mastidest
      mastest
      allative mastile mastidele
      mastele
      adessive mastil mastidel
      mastel
      ablative mastilt mastidelt
      mastelt
      translative mastiks mastideks
      masteks
      terminative mastini mastideni
      essive mastina mastidena
      abessive mastita mastideta
      comitative mastiga mastidega

      Compounds

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      Descendants

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      Middle English

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      Adjective

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      mast

      1. alternative form of mased

      Middle French

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      Etymology

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      Old French mast

      Noun

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      mast m (plural masts)

      1. mast (structure found on watercraft)

      Descendants

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      Northern Kurdish

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      Noun

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      mast m

      1. yoghurt

      Norwegian Bokmål

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      Etymology 1

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      From Middle Low German mast (“mast”).

      Noun

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      mast f or m (definite singular masta or masten, indefinite plural master, definite plural mastene)

      1. mast
      Synonyms
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      Derived terms
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      Etymology 2

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      Alternative forms

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      Verb

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      mast

      1. past participle of mase

      References

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      Norwegian Nynorsk

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      Alternative forms

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      Etymology

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      From Middle Low German mast.

      Pronunciation

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      Noun

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      mast f (definite singular masta, indefinite plural master, definite plural mastene)

      1. mast

      References

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      Old Czech

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      Etymology

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      Etymology tree
      Proto-Indo-European *meh₂ǵ-der.?
      Proto-Balto-Slavic *mōˀź-der.?
      Proto-Slavic *mazati
      Proto-Indo-European *-tis
      Proto-Slavic *-tь
      Proto-Slavic *maztь
      Proto-Slavic *mastь
      Old Czech mast

        Inherited from Proto-Slavic *mastь.

        Pronunciation

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        Noun

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        mast f

        1. ointment

        Declension

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        Declension of mast (i-stem)
        singular dual plural
        nominative mast masti masti
        genitive masti masťú mastí
        dative masti mastma mastem
        accusative mast masti masti
        vocative masti masti masti
        locative masti masťú mastech
        instrumental masťú mastma mastmi
        This table shows the most common forms around the 13th century.
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        Descendants

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        Further reading

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        Old English

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        Pronunciation

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        Adjective

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        māst

        1. superlative degree of miċel; most

        Old French

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        Alternative forms

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        Etymology

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        Borrowed from Frankish *mast.

        Noun

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        mast oblique singular, m (oblique plural maz or matz, nominative singular maz or matz, nominative plural mast)

        1. mast (structure found on watercraft)

        Descendants

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        Old Frisian

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        Alternative forms

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        Etymology

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        From Proto-West Germanic *maist, from Proto-Germanic *maist, *maistaz. Cognates include Old English mǣst and Old Saxon mēst.

        Pronunciation

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        Adjective

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        māst

        1. superlative degree of grāt

        Adverb

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        māst

        1. most

        Descendants

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        References

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        • Bremmer, Rolf H. (2009), An Introduction to Old Frisian: History, Grammar, Reader, Glossary, Amsterdam: John Benjamins Publishing Company, →ISBN, page 28

        Serbo-Croatian

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        Etymology

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        Inherited from Proto-Slavic *mastь (Russian масть (mastʹ), Polish maść). Compare mazati.

        Pronunciation

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        Noun

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        mȃst f (Cyrillic spelling ма̑ст)

        1. grease
        2. ointment
        3. color
        4. fat
        5. lard

        Declension

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        Declension of mast
        singular plural
        nominative mȃst mȃsti
        genitive mȃsti mástī
        dative mȃsti mástima
        accusative mȃst mȃsti
        vocative mȃsti mȃsti
        locative másti mástima
        instrumental mȃšću mástima

        References

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        • “mast”, in Hrvatski jezični portal [Croatian language portal] (in Serbo-Croatian), 2006–2026

        Swedish

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        Etymology

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        From Middle Low German mast, from Old Saxon *mast, from Proto-West Germanic *mast.

        Noun

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        mast c

        1. a mast (that carries a sail)
        2. a mast (similar tall structure with other uses)
          radiomast
          radio mast

        Declension

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        Declension of mast
        nominative genitive
        singular indefinite mast masts
        definite masten mastens
        plural indefinite master masters
        definite masterna masternas

        Derived terms

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        References

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        • “mast”, in Svensk ordbok [Dictionary of Swedish] (in Swedish)
        • “mast”, in Svenska Akademiens ordbok [Dictionary of the Swedish Academy] (in Swedish)
        • mast in Elof Hellquist, Svensk etymologisk ordbok (1st ed., 1922)
        • mast in Svenskt nautiskt lexikon (1920)

        Anagrams

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        Welsh

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        Pronunciation

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        Etymology 1

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        Borrowed from English mast

        Noun

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        mast m (plural mastiau or mestys or mestydd)

        1. (nautical) mast
          Synonym: hwylbren
        2. (telecommunications) mast
        Derived terms
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        Mutation

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        Mutated forms of mast
        radical soft nasal aspirate
        mast fast unchanged unchanged

        Note: Certain mutated forms of some words can never occur in standard Welsh.
        All possible mutated forms are displayed for convenience.

        Etymology 2

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        See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.

        Noun

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        mast

        1. nasal mutation of bast (“dripping”)

        Mutation

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        Mutated forms of bast
        radical soft nasal aspirate
        bast fast mast unchanged

        Note: Certain mutated forms of some words can never occur in standard Welsh.
        All possible mutated forms are displayed for convenience.

        Further reading

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        • D. G. Lewis, N. Lewis, editors (2005–present), “mast”, in Gweiadur: the Welsh–English Dictionary, Gwerin
        • R. J. Thomas, G. A. Bevan, P. J. Donovan, A. Hawke, et al., editors (1950–present), “mast”, in Geiriadur Prifysgol Cymru Online (in Welsh), University of Wales Centre for Advanced Welsh & Celtic Studies

        Zazaki

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        Noun

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        mast n

        1. yoghurt (a milk-based product thickened by a bacterium-aided curdling process)

        Synonyms

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