malam

See also: Malam, malām, mālam, and maļam

Acehnese

Etymology 1

Noun

malam

1. height

Etymology 2

From Proto-Chamic *malam, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *maləm.

Noun

malam

1. night

References

• 2007. The UCLA Phonetics Lab Archive. Los Angeles, CA: UCLA Department of Linguistics.

Brunei Malay

Etymology

Inherited from Proto-Malayic *maləm, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *maləm.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /malam/
• Hyphenation: ma‧lam

Noun

malam

1. The time of the day between dusk and midnight; evening or night.

Hausa

Etymology

A clipping of malami.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /máː.làm/
  • (Standard Kano Hausa) IPA^(key): [máː.làŋ]

Noun

mālàm m (feminine mālàmā, plural mā̀làmai)

1. mister, Mr.

Iban

Etymology

Inherited from Proto-Malayic *maləm, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *maləm.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /malam/
• Hyphenation: ma‧lam

Noun

malam

1. night

Derived terms

• demalam
• semalam

Indonesian

Pronunciation

• (Standard Indonesian) IPA^(key): /ˈmalam/ [ˈma.lam]
• Rhymes: -alam
• Syllabification: ma‧lam

Etymology 1

Inherited from Malay malam, from Proto-Malayic *maləm, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *maləm.

Noun

malam (plural malam-malam)

1. night

Usage notes

Usage with names of days like Jumat (“Friday”), Senin (“Monday”):

• When placed before the day name means "night before day": malam Jumat "night before Friday"
• When placed after the day name means "night of day": Jumat malam "night of Friday"

Alternative forms

• malem (informal)

Derived terms

• bermalam
• bermalam-malam
• kemalaman
• malam-malam
• memalami
• memalamkan
• mempermalamkan
• pemalaman
• permalaman
• semalam
• semalam-malaman
• semalaman

• malam amal
• malam berinai
• malam bertepuk
• malam bumbu
• malam buta
• malam dansa
• malam fotometrik
• malam gembira
• malam hari
• malam inai
• malam keakraban
• malam kembang
• malam kesenian
• malam kudus
• malam Minggu
• malam muda-mudi
• malam Natal
• malam panjang
• malam pertama
• malam putih
• malam rasul
• malam Senin
• malam sinaran
• malam syukuran
• malam takbiran

Etymology 2

Borrowed from Javanese ꦩꦭꦩ꧀ (malam), probably from Gujarati મલમ (malam, “ointment or paste made of wax”), from Classical Persian مرهم (marham), from Arabic مَرْهَم (marham, “ointment, cream, pomade”).

Noun

malam (plural malam-malam)

1. wax, paraffin, particularly for making batik

   Synonyms: lilin, lilinan

2. beeswax: a wax secreted by bees from which they make honeycomb; or, the processed form of this wax used in the manufacture of various goods

   Synonym: lilin lebah

3. (figurative) amorphous plastic mass derived from minerals, plants, and animals

Derived terms

• pemalaman

• malam biron
• malam carik
• malam gambar
• malam tembokan

• kuning malam

Etymology 3

Borrowed from Lun Bawang [Term?].

Noun

malam (plural malam-malam)

1. stale vegetables

Further reading

• “malam”, in Kamus Besar Bahasa Indonesia [Great Dictionary of the Indonesian Language] (in Indonesian), Jakarta: Agency for Language Development and Cultivation – Ministry of Education, Culture, Research, and Technology of the Republic of Indonesia, 2016

Javanese

Romanization

malam

1. romanization of ꦩꦭꦩ꧀

Latin

Adjective

malam

1. accusative feminine singular of malus

Verb

mālam

1. first-person singular future active indicative of mālō

Malay

Etymology

Inherited from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *maləm (“night, darkness”).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈmalam/ [ˈma.lam]

  • Audio (Malaysia):

    (file)

  • Rhymes: -alam, -lam, -am
• (Kelantan-Pattani) IPA^(key): /malɛ̃/, /malɛ/
• Hyphenation: ma‧lam

Noun

malam (Jawi spelling مالم, plural malam-malam or malam²)

1. night

   Antonyms: siang, hari

   Selamat malam ― Goodnight

Derived terms

• semalam

Descendants

• > Indonesian: malam (inherited)
• → Ternate: malam

Further reading

• "malam" in Pusat Rujukan Persuratan Melayu (PRPM) [Malay Literary Reference Centre (PRPM)] (in Malay), Kuala Lumpur: Dewan Bahasa dan Pustaka, 2017
  (also see "malam" at PRPM first version)
• Blust, Robert; Trussel, Stephen; et al. (2023) “*malem”, in the CLDF dataset from The Austronesian Comparative Dictionary (2010–), →DOI

Ternate

Etymology

From Malay malam.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [ˈma.lam]

Noun

malam

1. night, evening

References

• Rika Hayami-Allen (2001), A descriptive study of the language of Ternate, the northern Moluccas, Indonesia, University of Pittsburgh

Yakan

Etymology

From Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *maləm.

Noun

malam

1. evening, eve