Wiktionary

li-

See also: Appendix:Variations of "li"

Chichewa

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Etymology

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Inherited from Proto-Bantu *dɪ́-

Pronunciation

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Prefix

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li-

  1. Class 5 subject concord.

Curripaco

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Prefix

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li-

  1. third person singular masculine agent marker

References

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  • Swintha Danielsen, Tania Granadillo, Agreement in two Arawak languages, in The Typology of Semantic Alignment (edited by Mark Donohue, Søren Wichmann) (2008, →ISBN, page 398

Lingala

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Etymology

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Inherited from Proto-Bantu *dɪ́- (“Class 5 pronominal concord”).

Prefix

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li-

  1. Class 5 noun prefix.

References

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  • Thomas A. Akowuah (1996), Lingala - English/English - Lingala‎[1], Hippocrene Books, page 70

Mokilese

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Pronunciation

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Prefix

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li-

  1. prone to, able to

References

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  • Harrison, Sheldon P.; Albert, Salich Y. (1977), Mokilese-English Dictionary‎[2], Honolulu: The University Press of Hawaii, →ISBN, page 132

Munsee

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Preverb

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li-[1]

  1. In a certain manner; in a certain way;

References

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  1. ^ O'Meara, John (2014), “li-”, in Delaware-English/English-Delaware Dictionary (Heritage), Toronto: University of Toronto Press, published 1996, →ISBN

Northern Ndebele

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Etymology 1

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From Proto-Nguni *ni-.

Prefix

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li-

  1. you, you all; second-person plural subject concord.

Etymology 2

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From Proto-Nguni *ní-.

Prefix

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li-

  1. you, you all; second-person plural object concord.

Etymology 3

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From Proto-Bantu *dɪ́-.

Prefix

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li-

  1. he, she, it; class 5 subject concord.
  2. him, her, it; class 5 object concord.

Phuthi

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Etymology 1

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From Proto-Nguni *ni-.

Prefix

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li-

  1. you, you all; second-person plural subject concord.

Etymology 2

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From Proto-Nguni *ní-.

Prefix

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li-

  1. you, you all; second-person plural object concord.

Etymology 3

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From Proto-Bantu *dɪ́-, plus augment. Originally the pronominal and verbal concord, it displaced the older Bantu noun prefix *ì-. The tone was lowered by analogy with other noun prefixes.

Prefix

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li-

  1. Class 5 noun prefix.

Etymology 4

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From Proto-Bantu *dɪ́-.

Prefix

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li-

  1. he, she, it; class 5 subject concord.
  2. him, her, it; class 5 object concord.

Southern Ndebele

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Etymology

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From Proto-Bantu *dɪ́-.

Prefix

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li-

  1. he, she, it; class 5 subject concord.
  2. him, her, it; class 5 object concord.

Swahili

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Other scripts
Ajami لِـ

Etymology

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    Inherited from Proto-Bantu *dɪ́-.

    Prefix

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    li-

    1. it, ji class(V) subject concord
      • 18th century, Abdallah bin Ali bin Nasir, Al-Inkishafi‎[3], translation from R. Allen (1946), “Inkishafi—a translation from the Swahili”, in African Studies, volume 5, number 4, →DOI, pages 243–249, stanza 11:
        مُيُ وَاغُ نِنِ هُزُدُكَانِ ، لِكُغُرِيِلُ هِيْلَ نِنْنِ ،
        Moyo wangu nini huzundukani, likughuriyelo hela ni-n'ni?
        Soul, why not awake? Hi! what is it that cheats you?
    2. verb-initial form of -li- (“it, ji class(V) object concord”)

    See also

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    Swahili verbal concords (third person)
    class subject concord object concord relative
    affirmative negative
    m(I) a-, yu- ha-, hayu- -m-, -mw-, -mu- -ye
    wa(II) wa- hawa- -wa- -o
    m(III) u- hau- -u- -o
    mi(IV) i- hai- -i- -yo
    ji(V) li- hali- -li- -lo
    ma(VI) ya- haya- -ya- -yo
    ki(VII) ki- haki- -ki- -cho
    vi(VIII) vi- havi- -vi- -vyo
    n(IX) i- hai- -i- -yo
    n(X) zi- hazi- -zi- -zo
    u(XI) u- hau- -u- -o
    ku(XV/XVII) ku- haku- -ku- -ko
    pa(XVI) pa- hapa- -pa- -po
    mu(XVIII) m-, mw-, mu- ham-, hamw-, hamu- -mu- -mo

    For a full table including first and second person,
    see Appendix:Swahili personal pronouns

    Swazi

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    Etymology 1

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    From Proto-Bantu *dɪ́-, plus augment. Originally the pronominal and verbal concord, it displaced the older Bantu noun prefix *ì-. The tone was lowered by analogy with other noun prefixes.

    Prefix

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    li-

    1. Class 5 noun prefix.

    Etymology 2

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    From Proto-Bantu *dɪ́-.

    Prefix

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    li-

    1. he, she, it; class 5 subject concord.
    2. him, her, it; class 5 object concord.

    Tocharian B

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    Verb

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    li-

    1. to wipe away
    2. to cleanse oneself

    Tonga (Malawi)

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    Etymology

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    Inherited from Proto-Bantu *ì-

    Prefix

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    li-

    1. Class 5 noun prefix.

    Tooro

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    Alternative forms

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    • (before vowels) ly-

    Etymology

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    From Proto-Bantu *dɪ́-.

    Pronunciation

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    Prefix

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    li-

    1. class 5 pronominal concord
      ‎li- + ‎-nu (“this, these”) → ‎linu (“this (class 5)”)
    2. it; class 5 subject concord
      ‎li- + ‎-kora (“to do”) → ‎likora (“it (class 5) does”)
    3. positive imperative form of -li- (“it; class 5 object concord”)
      ‎li- + ‎-ha (“to give”) → ‎liha (“give it (class 5)”)

    See also

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    Tooro personal pronouns
    class person independent possessive subject
    concord     		object
    concord     		combined forms
    na ni
    class 1 first nyowe, nye -ange n- -n- nanyowe, nanye ninyowe, ninye
    second iwe -awe o- -ku- naiwe niiwe
    third uwe -e a- -mu- nawe nuwe
    class 2 first itwe -aitu tu- -tu- naitwe niitwe
    second inywe -anyu mu- -ba- nainywe niinywe
    third bo -abo ba- -ba- nabo nubo
    class 3 gwo -agwo gu- -gu- nagwo nugwo
    class 4 yo -ayo e- -gi- nayo niyo
    class 5 lyo -alyo li- -li- nalyo niryo
    class 6 go -ago ga- -ga- nago nugo
    class 7 kyo -akyo ki- -ki- nakyo nikyo
    class 8 byo -abyo bi- -bi- nabyo nibyo
    class 9 yo -ayo e- -gi- nayo niyo
    class 10 zo -azo zi- -zi- nazo nizo
    class 11 rwo -arwo ru- -ru- narwo nurwo
    class 12 ko -ako ka- -ka- nako nuko
    class 13 two -atwo tu- -tu- natwo nutwo
    class 14 bwo -abwo bu- -bu- nabwo nubwo
    class 15 kwo -akwo ku- -ku- nakwo nukwo
    class 16 ho -aho ha- -ha- naho nuho
    class 17 (kwo) N/A ha-
    (...-yo)     		-ha- N/A nukwo
    class 18 (mwo) -amwo ha-
    (...-mu)     		-ha- N/A numwo
    reflexive -enyini, -onyini — -e- —

    References

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    • Kaji, Shigeki (2007), A Rutooro Vocabulary‎[4], Tokyo: Research Institute for Languages and Cultures of Asia and Africa (ILCAA), →ISBN, page 414

    Tumbuka

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    Etymology

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    Inherited from Proto-Bantu *dɪ́-

    Prefix

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    li-

    1. Class 5 subject concord.

    Unami

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    Preverb

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    li-[1]

    1. In a certain manner; in a certain way; toward

    References

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    1. ^ Rementer, Jim with Pearson, Bruce L. (2005), “li”, in Grant Leneaux, Raymond Whritenour, editors, The Lenape Talking Dictionary, The Lenape Language Preservation Project

    Xhosa

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    Etymology

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    From Proto-Bantu *dɪ́-.

    Prefix

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    li-

    1. he, she, it; class 5 subject concord.
    2. him, her, it; class 5 object concord.

    Yao (Africa)

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    Etymology

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    Inherited from Proto-Bantu *dɪ́- (“Class 5 pronominal & subject concord”).

    Prefix

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    li-

    1. Class 5 noun prefix.

    Prefix

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    li-

    1. Augmentative prefix.

    References

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    • Meredith Sanderson, M.R.C.S., F.R.G.S., F.R.A.I. (1922), A Yao Grammar‎[5], Society for Promoting Christian Knowledge, page 19

    Zulu

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    Etymology 1

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    Inherited from Proto-Bantu *dɪ́-. Originally the pronominal and verbal concord, it displaced the older Bantu noun prefix *ì-. The tone was lowered by analogy with other noun prefixes.

    Prefix

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    li-

    1. Class 5 simple noun prefix.

    Etymology 2

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    From Proto-Bantu *dɪ́-.

    Prefix

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    lí-

    1. he, she, it; class 5 subject concord.
    2. him, her, it; class 5 object concord.

    References

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