koto

See also: Appendix:Variations of "koto"

English

Etymology

From Japanese 箏 (koto).

Noun

koto (plural kotos)

1. (music) A Japanese stringed instrument having numerous strings, usually seven or thirteen, that are stretched over a convex wooden sounding board and are plucked with three plectra, worn on the thumb, index finger, and middle finger of one hand.
   • 1962, Philip K. Dick, “The Man in the High Castle”, in Four Novels of the 1960s, Library of America, published 2007, page 94:

     Seated on the soft carpet with their drinks, they listened to a recording of koto, Japanese thirteen-string harp.

Derived terms

• kotoist
• kotolike

Translations

a Japanese stringed instrument

• Arabic: please add this translation if you can
• Chinese:

  Cantonese: 日本箏 / 日本筝 (jat⁶ bun² zang¹)

  Mandarin: 日本箏 / 日本筝 (rìběnzhēng)

• Esperanto: kotoo
• Finnish: koto (fi)
• French: koto (fr) m
• German: Koto (de) f or n
• Hindi: please add this translation if you can
• Japanese: 箏 (ja) (koto)
• Korean: 고토 (ko) (goto)
• Marathi: कोतो f (koto)
• Persian: please add this translation if you can
• Portuguese: coto (pt) m, koto (pt) m
• Russian: ко́то (ru) m (kóto)
• Thai: please add this translation if you can
• Vietnamese: koto (vi), cô tô

Anagrams

• Koot, Otok, toko, toko-, took

Central Huasteca Nahuatl

Noun

koto

1. poncho.
2. blanket.

References

• Valentín Isidro Reyes (2012); Vocabulario nauatl-español, material de apoyo para la enseñanza de la lengua nauatl, Universidad Pedagógica Nacional, diversidad intercultural, Mexico City, Mexico.

Dutch

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈkoː.toː/
• Hyphenation: ko‧to
• Rhymes: -oːtoː

Etymology 1

Borrowed from Sranan Tongo koto, from English coat.

Noun

koto m (plural koto's, no diminutive)

1. a traditional Surinamese dress, traditionally worn by women of African descent

Etymology 2

Borrowed from Japanese 箏 (koto).

Noun

koto m (plural koto's, no diminutive)

1. a koto; a Japanese stringed instrument

Esperanto

Bubalo en koto

Etymology

Borrowed from German Kot.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈkoto/

• Audio 1:

  (file)

• Audio 2:

  (file)

• Rhymes: -oto
• Syllabification: ko‧to

Noun

koto (accusative singular koton, plural kotoj, accusative plural kotojn)

1. mud (mixture of water and soil or sediment)

Derived terms

• kota (“muddy”)
• kotanimulo (“low-minded person”)
• koti (“to puddle”)

Related terms

• grundo (“ground; dirt; soil”)

Further reading

• “koto”, in Plena Ilustrita Vortaro de Esperanto [Complete Illustrated Dictionary of Esperanto], 2020, →ISBN
• “koto”, in Reta Vortaro [Online Dictionary] (in Esperanto), 1997-2026

Finnish

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈkoto/, [ˈko̞t̪o̞]
• Rhymes: -oto
• Syllabification^(key): ko‧to
• Hyphenation^(key): ko‧to

Etymology 1

From Proto-Finnic *koto. Equivalent to kota +‎ -o. Cognate with Estonian kodu.

Noun

koto (archaic)

1. home
   • 1855, Aleksis Kivi, Koto ja kahleet‎^[1]:

     Hän muisteli kotoansa kivisellä aholla yläpuolella vihantoja peltoja ja korkean vuoren alla.

     He reminisced his home on the rocky glade above the verdant fields and beneath the tall mountain.

Declension

Inflection of koto (Kotus type 1*F/valo, t–d gradation)
nominative		koto	kodot
genitive		kodon	kotojen
partitive		kotoa	kotoja
illative		kotoon	kotoihin
		singular	plural
nominative		koto	kodot
accusative	nom.	koto	kodot
	gen.	kodon
genitive		kodon	kotojen
partitive		kotoa	kotoja
inessive		kodossa	kodoissa
elative		kodosta	kodoista
illative		kotoon	kotoihin
adessive		kodolla	kodoilla
ablative		kodolta	kodoilta
allative		kodolle	kodoille
essive		kotona	kotoina
translative		kodoksi	kodoiksi
abessive		kodotta	kodoitta
instructive		—	kodoin
comitative		See the possessive forms below.

Possessive forms of koto (Kotus type 1*F/valo, t–d gradation)

first-person singular possessor singular plural nominative kotoni kotoni accusative nom. kotoni kotoni gen. kotoni genitive kotoni kotojeni partitive kotoani kotojani inessive kodossani kodoissani elative kodostani kodoistani illative kotooni kotoihini adessive kodollani kodoillani ablative kodoltani kodoiltani allative kodolleni kodoilleni essive kotonani kotoinani translative kodokseni kodoikseni abessive kodottani kodoittani instructive — — comitative — kotoineni second-person singular possessor singular plural nominative kotosi kotosi accusative nom. kotosi kotosi gen. kotosi genitive kotosi kotojesi partitive kotoasi kotojasi inessive kodossasi kodoissasi elative kodostasi kodoistasi illative kotoosi kotoihisi adessive kodollasi kodoillasi ablative kodoltasi kodoiltasi allative kodollesi kodoillesi essive kotonasi kotoinasi translative kodoksesi kodoiksesi abessive kodottasi kodoittasi instructive — — comitative — kotoinesi first-person plural possessor singular plural nominative kotomme kotomme accusative nom. kotomme kotomme gen. kotomme genitive kotomme kotojemme partitive kotoamme kotojamme inessive kodossamme kodoissamme elative kodostamme kodoistamme illative kotoomme kotoihimme adessive kodollamme kodoillamme ablative kodoltamme kodoiltamme allative kodollemme kodoillemme essive kotonamme kotoinamme translative kodoksemme kodoiksemme abessive kodottamme kodoittamme instructive — — comitative — kotoinemme second-person plural possessor singular plural nominative kotonne kotonne accusative nom. kotonne kotonne gen. kotonne genitive kotonne kotojenne partitive kotoanne kotojanne inessive kodossanne kodoissanne elative kodostanne kodoistanne illative kotoonne kotoihinne adessive kodollanne kodoillanne ablative kodoltanne kodoiltanne allative kodollenne kodoillenne essive kotonanne kotoinanne translative kodoksenne kodoiksenne abessive kodottanne kodoittanne instructive — — comitative — kotoinenne third-person possessor singular plural nominative kotonsa kotonsa accusative nom. kotonsa kotonsa gen. kotonsa genitive kotonsa kotojensa partitive kotoaan kotoansa kotojaan kotojansa inessive kodossaan kodossansa kodoissaan kodoissansa elative kodostaan kodostansa kodoistaan kodoistansa illative kotoonsa kotoihinsa adessive kodollaan kodollansa kodoillaan kodoillansa ablative kodoltaan kodoltansa kodoiltaan kodoiltansa allative kodolleen kodollensa kodoilleen kodoillensa essive kotonaan kotonansa kotoinaan kotoinansa translative kodokseen kodoksensa kodoikseen kodoiksensa abessive kodottaan kodottansa kodoittaan kodoittansa instructive — — comitative — kotoineen kotoinensa

Synonyms

• koti

Derived terms

• kotoa
• kotoilla
• kotoinen
• kotoisa
• kotoisin
• kotoistaa
• Kotola
• kotona
• Kotonen
• kotosalla
• kotouttaa
• kotoutua

compounds

• kotomaa
• Kotomäki
• kotoperäinen
• lintukoto

Further reading

• “1. koto”, in Kielitoimiston sanakirja [Dictionary of Contemporary Finnish]‎^[2] (in Finnish) (online dictionary, continuously updated), Kotimaisten kielten keskuksen verkkojulkaisuja 35, Helsinki: Kotimaisten kielten tutkimuskeskus (Institute for the Languages of Finland), 2004–, retrieved 1 July 2023

Etymology 2

From Japanese 箏 (koto).

Noun

koto

1. (music) koto (instrument)

Declension

Inflection of koto (Kotus type 1/valo, no gradation)
nominative		koto	kotot
genitive		koton	kotojen
partitive		kotoa	kotoja
illative		kotoon	kotoihin
		singular	plural
nominative		koto	kotot
accusative	nom.	koto	kotot
	gen.	koton
genitive		koton	kotojen
partitive		kotoa	kotoja
inessive		kotossa	kotoissa
elative		kotosta	kotoista
illative		kotoon	kotoihin
adessive		kotolla	kotoilla
ablative		kotolta	kotoilta
allative		kotolle	kotoille
essive		kotona	kotoina
translative		kotoksi	kotoiksi
abessive		kototta	kotoitta
instructive		—	kotoin
comitative		See the possessive forms below.

Possessive forms of koto (Kotus type 1/valo, no gradation)

first-person singular possessor singular plural nominative kotoni kotoni accusative nom. kotoni kotoni gen. kotoni genitive kotoni kotojeni partitive kotoani kotojani inessive kotossani kotoissani elative kotostani kotoistani illative kotooni kotoihini adessive kotollani kotoillani ablative kotoltani kotoiltani allative kotolleni kotoilleni essive kotonani kotoinani translative kotokseni kotoikseni abessive kotottani kotoittani instructive — — comitative — kotoineni second-person singular possessor singular plural nominative kotosi kotosi accusative nom. kotosi kotosi gen. kotosi genitive kotosi kotojesi partitive kotoasi kotojasi inessive kotossasi kotoissasi elative kotostasi kotoistasi illative kotoosi kotoihisi adessive kotollasi kotoillasi ablative kotoltasi kotoiltasi allative kotollesi kotoillesi essive kotonasi kotoinasi translative kotoksesi kotoiksesi abessive kotottasi kotoittasi instructive — — comitative — kotoinesi first-person plural possessor singular plural nominative kotomme kotomme accusative nom. kotomme kotomme gen. kotomme genitive kotomme kotojemme partitive kotoamme kotojamme inessive kotossamme kotoissamme elative kotostamme kotoistamme illative kotoomme kotoihimme adessive kotollamme kotoillamme ablative kotoltamme kotoiltamme allative kotollemme kotoillemme essive kotonamme kotoinamme translative kotoksemme kotoiksemme abessive kotottamme kotoittamme instructive — — comitative — kotoinemme second-person plural possessor singular plural nominative kotonne kotonne accusative nom. kotonne kotonne gen. kotonne genitive kotonne kotojenne partitive kotoanne kotojanne inessive kotossanne kotoissanne elative kotostanne kotoistanne illative kotoonne kotoihinne adessive kotollanne kotoillanne ablative kotoltanne kotoiltanne allative kotollenne kotoillenne essive kotonanne kotoinanne translative kotoksenne kotoiksenne abessive kotottanne kotoittanne instructive — — comitative — kotoinenne third-person possessor singular plural nominative kotonsa kotonsa accusative nom. kotonsa kotonsa gen. kotonsa genitive kotonsa kotojensa partitive kotoaan kotoansa kotojaan kotojansa inessive kotossaan kotossansa kotoissaan kotoissansa elative kotostaan kotostansa kotoistaan kotoistansa illative kotoonsa kotoihinsa adessive kotollaan kotollansa kotoillaan kotoillansa ablative kotoltaan kotoltansa kotoiltaan kotoiltansa allative kotolleen kotollensa kotoilleen kotoillensa essive kotonaan kotonansa kotoinaan kotoinansa translative kotokseen kotoksensa kotoikseen kotoiksensa abessive kotottaan kotottansa kotoittaan kotoittansa instructive — — comitative — kotoineen kotoinensa

Further reading

• “2. koto”, in Kielitoimiston sanakirja [Dictionary of Contemporary Finnish]‎^[3] (in Finnish) (online dictionary, continuously updated), Kotimaisten kielten keskuksen verkkojulkaisuja 35, Helsinki: Kotimaisten kielten tutkimuskeskus (Institute for the Languages of Finland), 2004–, retrieved 1 July 2023

Anagrams

• koot, toko

French

Etymology

Borrowed from Japanese 箏 (koto).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ko.to/

• Audio (France (Toulouse)):

  (file)

• Audio (France (Lyon)):

  (file)

• Audio (France (Somain)):

  (file)

Noun

koto m (plural kotos)

1. koto (musical instruments)

See also

• koto on the French Wikipedia.Wikipedia ^fr

Further reading

• “koto”, in Trésor de la langue française informatisé [Digitized Treasury of the French Language], 2012

Japanese

Romanization

koto

1. Rōmaji transcription of こと
2. Rōmaji transcription of コト

Madurese

Etymology

From Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *kutu, from Proto-Austronesian *kuCux.

Noun

koto (plural kotokoto)

1. louse (insect)

Mansaka

Etymology

From kutu, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *kutu.

Noun

koto

1. louse

Sambali

Noun

koto

1. louse (insect)

Sranan Tongo

Etymology

From English coat.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈko.to/

Noun

koto

1. A traditional African-Surinamese dress.

Descendants

• → Dutch: koto

Tocharian B

Etymology

From kaut- (“split, strike, break”).

Noun

koto f

1. crevice, hole, pit

Further reading

• Adams, Douglas Q. (2013), “koto”, in A Dictionary of Tocharian B: Revised and Greatly Enlarged (Leiden Studies in Indo-European; 10), Amsterdam, New York: Rodopi, →ISBN, page 215

Votic

Etymology

From Proto-Finnic *koto.

Pronunciation

• (Luutsa, Liivčülä) IPA^(key): /ˈkoto/, [ˈkoto]
• (Jõgõperä) IPA^(key): /ˈkoto/, [ˈkoto]
• (Central Votic) IPA^(key): /ˈkoto/, [ˈkoto]
• (Eastern Votic) IPA^(key): /ˈkoto/, [ˈkoto]
• Rhymes: -oto
• Hyphenation: ko‧to

Noun

koto

1. house, home

Inflection

Declension of koto (type II/võrkko, t- gradation)
	singular	plural
nominative	koto	kood
genitive	koo	kotojõ
partitive	kottoa	kotoit
illative	kotto, kottosõ	kotoisõ
inessive	kooz	kotoiz
elative	kooss	kotoiss
allative	koollõ	kotoillõ
adessive	kooll	kotoill
ablative	koolt	kotoilt
translative	koossi	kotoissi
'Standardized' inflection based on the Vaipooli dialects; see WT:AVOT. For dialectal differences between case endings, see Appendix:Votic dialects. *) the accusative corresponds with either the genitive (sg) or nominative (pl) **) the terminative is formed by adding the suffix -ssaa to the short illative (sg) or the genitive. ***) the comitative is formed by adding the suffix -ka to the genitive.

References

• Hallap, V.; Adler, E.; Grünberg, S.; Leppik, M. (2012), “koto”, in Vadja keele sõnaraamat [A dictionary of the Votic language]‎^[4], 2nd edition, Tallinn

Yami

Etymology

From Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *kutu, from Proto-Austronesian *kuCux.

Noun

koto

1. louse (insect)