harva

See also: härva

Estonian

Adverb

harva (comparative harvemini)

1. seldom, rarely, infrequently

Noun

harva

1. inflection of harv:
   1. genitive singular
   2. partitive singular
   3. illative singular

Finnish

Etymology

From Proto-Finnic *harva (compare Estonian harv, Ingrian harva), from Proto-Uralic [Term?] (compare Erzya чуро (čuro, “rare, sparse”) and Southern Khanty турәп (turəp, “sparse”)).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈhɑrʋɑ/, [ˈhɑ̝rʋɑ̝]
• Rhymes: -ɑrʋɑ
• Syllabification^(key): har‧va
• Hyphenation^(key): har‧va

Adjective

harva (comparative harvempi, superlative harvin)

1. sparse, loose (far apart in space)

   Antonyms: taaja, tiheä, tiivis, tiuha

   1. thin (of hair)

      Antonym: tuuhea

2. infrequent, sparse (far apart in time)

   Antonyms: taaja, tiuha, tiheä

3. few (low in number)

   Vain harvat ja valitut kutsutaan näihin juhliin.

   Only select few get the invitation into this party.

   Harvoja poikkeuksia lukuun ottamatta.

   Apart from few exceptions.

   Olen kertonut tästä vain harvoille.

   I have only told a few (people) about this.

   Harva ihminen ehtii harrastaa mitään nykyään.

   Few people find the time for hobbies these days.

Declension

Inflection of harva (Kotus type 9/kala, no gradation)
nominative		harva	harvat
genitive		harvan	harvojen
partitive		harvaa	harvoja
illative		harvaan	harvoihin
		singular	plural
nominative		harva	harvat
accusative	nom.	harva	harvat
	gen.	harvan
genitive		harvan	harvojen harvain rare
partitive		harvaa	harvoja
inessive		harvassa	harvoissa
elative		harvasta	harvoista
illative		harvaan	harvoihin
adessive		harvalla	harvoilla
ablative		harvalta	harvoilta
allative		harvalle	harvoille
essive		harvana	harvoina
translative		harvaksi	harvoiksi
abessive		harvatta	harvoitta
instructive		—	harvoin
comitative		—	harvoine

Possessive forms of harva (Kotus type 9/kala, no gradation)
Rare. Only used with substantive adjectives.
first-person singular possessor singular plural nominative harvani harvani accusative nom. harvani harvani gen. harvani genitive harvani harvojeni harvaini rare partitive harvaani harvojani inessive harvassani harvoissani elative harvastani harvoistani illative harvaani harvoihini adessive harvallani harvoillani ablative harvaltani harvoiltani allative harvalleni harvoilleni essive harvanani harvoinani translative harvakseni harvoikseni abessive harvattani harvoittani instructive — — comitative — harvoineni second-person singular possessor singular plural nominative harvasi harvasi accusative nom. harvasi harvasi gen. harvasi genitive harvasi harvojesi harvaisi rare partitive harvaasi harvojasi inessive harvassasi harvoissasi elative harvastasi harvoistasi illative harvaasi harvoihisi adessive harvallasi harvoillasi ablative harvaltasi harvoiltasi allative harvallesi harvoillesi essive harvanasi harvoinasi translative harvaksesi harvoiksesi abessive harvattasi harvoittasi instructive — — comitative — harvoinesi first-person plural possessor singular plural nominative harvamme harvamme accusative nom. harvamme harvamme gen. harvamme genitive harvamme harvojemme harvaimme rare partitive harvaamme harvojamme inessive harvassamme harvoissamme elative harvastamme harvoistamme illative harvaamme harvoihimme adessive harvallamme harvoillamme ablative harvaltamme harvoiltamme allative harvallemme harvoillemme essive harvanamme harvoinamme translative harvaksemme harvoiksemme abessive harvattamme harvoittamme instructive — — comitative — harvoinemme second-person plural possessor singular plural nominative harvanne harvanne accusative nom. harvanne harvanne gen. harvanne genitive harvanne harvojenne harvainne rare partitive harvaanne harvojanne inessive harvassanne harvoissanne elative harvastanne harvoistanne illative harvaanne harvoihinne adessive harvallanne harvoillanne ablative harvaltanne harvoiltanne allative harvallenne harvoillenne essive harvananne harvoinanne translative harvaksenne harvoiksenne abessive harvattanne harvoittanne instructive — — comitative — harvoinenne third-person possessor singular plural nominative harvansa harvansa accusative nom. harvansa harvansa gen. harvansa genitive harvansa harvojensa harvainsa rare partitive harvaansa harvojaan harvojansa inessive harvassaan harvassansa harvoissaan harvoissansa elative harvastaan harvastansa harvoistaan harvoistansa illative harvaansa harvoihinsa adessive harvallaan harvallansa harvoillaan harvoillansa ablative harvaltaan harvaltansa harvoiltaan harvoiltansa allative harvalleen harvallensa harvoilleen harvoillensa essive harvanaan harvanansa harvoinaan harvoinansa translative harvakseen harvaksensa harvoikseen harvoiksensa abessive harvattaan harvattansa harvoittaan harvoittansa instructive — — comitative — harvoineen harvoinensa

Derived terms

• harva se päivä
• harvaan
• harvahko
• harvakseen
• harvakseltaan
• harvassa
• harvasti
• harventaa
• harveta
• harvinainen
• harvoin
• harvuus

compounds

• aniharva
• harvaetuhampaiset
• harvahammas
• harvahampainen
• harvahapsi
• harvainvalta
• harvajalkainen
• harvakudontainen
• harvalukuinen
• harvaoksainen
• harvapartainen
• harvapuheinen
• harvapää (“forgetful (head)”)
• harvasanainen
• harvasukasmato
• harvasyinen

Further reading

• “harva”, in Kielitoimiston sanakirja [Dictionary of Contemporary Finnish]‎^[2] (in Finnish) (online dictionary, continuously updated), Kotimaisten kielten keskuksen verkkojulkaisuja 35, Helsinki: Kotimaisten kielten tutkimuskeskus (Institute for the Languages of Finland), 2004–, retrieved 2 July 2023

Ingrian

Etymology

From Proto-Finnic *harva. Cognates include Finnish harva and Estonian harv.

Pronunciation

• (Ala-Laukaa) IPA^(key): /ˈhɑrʋɑ/, [ˈhɑrʋ]
• (Soikkola) IPA^(key): /ˈhɑrʋɑ/, [ˈhɑrʋɑ]
• (Hevaha) IPA^(key): /ˈhɑrʋɑ/, [ˈhɑrʋɑ]
• Rhymes: -ɑrʋ, -ɑrʋɑ
• Hyphenation: har‧va

Adjective

harva (comparative harvemp)

1. rare
2. (of forests) thin, sparse

Declension

Declension of harva (type 3/kana, no gradation)
	singular	plural
nominative	harva	harvat
genitive	harvan	harvoin
partitive	harvaa	harvoja
illative	harvaa	harvoi
inessive	harvaas	harvois
elative	harvast	harvoist
allative	harvalle	harvoille
adessive	harvaal	harvoil
ablative	harvalt	harvoilt
translative	harvaks	harvoiks
essive	harvanna, harvaan	harvoinna, harvoin
exessive1)	harvant	harvoint
1) obsolete *) the accusative corresponds with either the genitive (sg) or nominative (pl) **) the comitative is formed by adding the suffix -ka? or -kä? to the genitive.

Derived terms

• harvaa
• harvaslojain
• harveta
• harvoin

References

• Ruben E. Nirvi (1971), Inkeroismurteiden Sanakirja, Helsinki: Suomalais-Ugrilainen Seura, page 49
• Arvo Laanest (1997), Isuri keele Hevaha murde sõnastik, Eesti Keele Instituut, page 31

Norwegian Bokmål

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /¹har.ʋa/, [ˈhàɾ.ʋǎ] (noun form)
• IPA^(key): /²har.ʋa/, [ˈhâɾ.ʋǎ] (verb forms)
• Rhymes: -arʋa
• Hyphenation: har‧va

Etymology 1

See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.

Alternative forms

• harven (masculine definite singular form)

Noun

harva f or m

1. feminine definite singular of harv (“harrow”)

Etymology 2

See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.

Verb

harva

1. past of harve (“to harrow; to work with a harrow”)
2. supine of harve (“to harrow; to work with a harrow”)

Participle

harva (definite singular and plural harva)

1. past participle of harve (“to harrow; to work with a harrow”)

Etymology 3

See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.

Verb

harva

1. past of harve (“to fish in freshwater with a large hook concealed by earthworms”)
2. supine of harve (“to fish in freshwater with a large hook concealed by earthworms”)

Participle

harva (definite singular and plural harva)

1. past participle of harve (“to fish in freshwater with a large hook concealed by earthworms”)