erti

See also: ērti and érti

Bavarian

Alternative forms

• eirtach, ertach

Etymology

From Middle High German er(ge)tac, from Old High German *ariōtag, from Gothic *𐌰𐍂𐌾𐌰𐌿𐍃 𐌳𐌰𐌲𐍃 (*arjaus dags), a calque of Ancient Greek (ἡμέρα) Ᾰ̓́ρεως ((hēméra) Ắreōs, “(day of) Ares”). Cognate with German Ertag, Mòcheno eirta, Cimbrian èrtag.

Noun

erti m

1. (Timau) Tuesday

References

• Patuzzi, Umberto, ed., (2013) Luserna / Lusérn: Le nostre parole / Ünsarne börtar / Unsere Wörter [Our Words], Luserna, Italy: Comitato unitario delle isole linguistiche storiche germaniche in Italia / Einheitskomitee der historischen deutschen Sprachinseln in Italien

Indonesian

Etymology

From Malay erti, from Old Javanese arthi, from Sanskrit अर्थ (artha, “meaning, wealth”). Doublet of arta, arti, and harta.

Pronunciation

• (Standard Indonesian) IPA^(key): /ərˈti/ [ərˈt̪i]
• Rhymes: -i
• Syllabification: er‧ti

Noun

êrti

1. (rare or dated) synonym of arti (“meaning”)

Verb

êrti (active mengerti, passive dimengerti)

1. (ambitransitive) to understand

Usage notes

• Unlike other verbs in Indonesian generally, this verb always uses the prefix meng-, even in the sentence order patient–agent–verb, where many verbs in that sentence order does not use the prefix meng-, because it sounds strange or ungrammatical. Even in passive conjugation, this verb still uses meng- along with di-. The derivative verb, ertikan, also experiences the same thing.
• The following is a comparison of the verbs paham and erti:
  • paham
    • Aku memahami pelajaran ini.
    • Pelajaran ini dipahami oleh aku.
    • Pelajaran ini yang aku pahami.
  • erti
    • Aku mengerti pelajaran ini.
    • Pelajaran ini dimengerti oleh aku
    • Pelajaran ini yang aku mengerti.

Conjugation

Conjugation of erti (meng-, transitive)

root	erti
	active	passive		basic imperative	emphatic jussive
		reflective1	ordinary
	ordinary
nominative	mengerti	–	dimengerti	–	mengertilah
accusative / dative / locative	–	–	–	–	–
perfective causative / applicative2	mengertikan	–	diertikan	ertikan	ertikanlah
	causative
nominative	–	–	–	–	–
accusative / dative / locative	–	–	–	–	–
perfective causative / applicative2	–	–	–	–	–

¹ There is another form of reflective passive verb with affixation of ke- -an which is not included in the table. This form is only attested in active voice without causative affixation of per-.
² The -kan row is either causative or applicative. With transitive roots it mostly has applicative meaning.
Some of these forms do not normally exist or are rarely used in standard Indonesian. Some forms may also change meaning.

Derived terms

• berpengertian
• kemengertian
• mengerti
• mengertikan
• pengertian

Further reading

• “erti”, in Kamus Besar Bahasa Indonesia [Great Dictionary of the Indonesian Language] (in Indonesian), Jakarta: Agency for Language Development and Cultivation – Ministry of Education, Culture, Research, and Technology of the Republic of Indonesia, 2016

Italian

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈɛr.ti/, (traditional) /ˈer.ti/
• Rhymes: -ɛrti, (traditional) -erti
• Hyphenation: èr‧ti, (traditional) ér‧ti

Participle

erti m pl

1. masculine plural of erto

Adjective

erti

1. masculine plural of erto

Anagrams

• Reti, etri, irte, iter, reti

Javanese

Etymology

Inherited from Old Javanese arthi (“meaning, explanation”), from artha (“aim, purpose; material progress; wealth, possessions; money; sense, meaning”), from Sanskrit अर्थ (artha, “meaning, wealth”). Doublet of ꦲꦂꦠꦶ (arti).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ərˈti/

Verb

erti (Carakan spelling ꦲꦼꦂꦠꦶ, active ngerti)

1. to understand

Further reading

• “erti”, in Javanese-Indonesian Dictionary [Kamus Bahasa Jawa-Indonesia] (in Indonesian), Yogyakarta, Indonesia: The Linguistic Center of Yogyakarta Special [Balai Bahasa Provinsi Daerah Istimewa Yogyakarta], 2023.

Malay

Etymology

From Sanskrit अर्थ (artha, “meaning”). Doublet of reti and harta.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [ə(r).ˈti]
• Rhymes: -ti, -i
• Hyphenation: er‧ti

Noun

erti (Jawi spelling ارتي, plural erti-erti or erti²)

1. meaning

   Synonyms: makna, maksud

Affixations

• bererti
• ertian
• ertikan
• keberertian
• pengertian
• seerti

Compounds

• erti kata
• erti kiasan
• erti mendatang

Verb

erti (Jawi spelling ارتي, active mengerti, 3rd person passive dimengerti)

1. to understand

   Synonym: faham

   Saya tak mengerti apa dia katakan.

   I don't understand what he's saying.

Usage notes

• This verb is an irregular verb whereby mengerti is the word stem for the third person passive form of this word, not erti, thereby forming third person passive dimengerti, not *dierti.

Alternative forms

• reti (informal)

Descendants

• > Indonesian: erti (inherited)

References

• Kosakata Bahasa Sanskerta dalam Bahasa Melayu Masa Kini, Jakarta, Indonesia: Pusat Pembinaan dan Pengembangan Bahasa. Departemen Pendidikan dan Kebudayaan Republik Indonesia, 1994, →ISBN, pages 234-5
• Pijnappel, Jan (1875), “ارت ĕrti”, in Maleisch-Hollandsch woordenboek‎^[1], John Enschede en Zonen, Frederik Muller, page 5
• Wilkinson, Richard James (1901), “ارتي ĕrti”, in A Malay-English dictionary‎^[2], Hong Kong: Kelly & Walsh limited, page 9
• Wilkinson, Richard James (1932), “ĕrti”, in A Malay-English dictionary (romanised)‎^[3], volume I, Mytilene, Greece: Salavopoulos & Kinderlis, page 309

Further reading

• "erti" in Pusat Rujukan Persuratan Melayu (PRPM) [Malay Literary Reference Centre (PRPM)] (in Malay), Kuala Lumpur: Dewan Bahasa dan Pustaka, 2017
  (also see "erti" at PRPM first version)