Wiktionary

dur

See also: Appendix:Variations of "dur"
Languages (24)
Translingual • English
Aragonese • Azerbaijani • Catalan • Czech • Dalmatian • Danish • Franco-Provençal • French • Interlingua • Kalasha • Latvian • Lombard • Middle English • Occitan • Polish • Romani • Romanian • Slovak • Sursurunga • Swedish • Turkish • Welsh
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Translingual

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Symbol

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dur

  1. (international standards) ISO 639-3 language code for Dii.

See also

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English

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Etymology 1

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From German Dur, from Latin dūrus (“hard, firm, vigorous”).

Pronunciation

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Adjective

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dur (not comparable)

  1. (music, obsolete) Major; in the major mode.
    C dur

Further reading

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Etymology 2

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Of imitative/exclamatory origin, similar to der, duh, derp, etc.

Pronunciation

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Interjection

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dur

  1. Alternative form of duh (“indicating stupidity etc.”).
    • 2015, Liberty Kratz-Gullickson, Write Like a Girl, page 29:
      "Well, dur. I'm not that stupid, I knew that."

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Etymology 3

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Noun

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dur (plural dur or durs)

  1. (Belize, slang) A marijuana dealer.
    • 2023 June 13, Jules Vasquez, “Who Put Marybeth's Fraudulent Approval on Chester's Desk?”, in 7 News Belize‎[3]:
      He began to tell me that Marybeth is accused or it is alleged she is one of the dur in Crooked Tree.

Anagrams

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Aragonese

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Alternative forms

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Etymology

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Akin to Catalan dur, from Latin dūrus.

Pronunciation

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Adjective

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dur (plural durs)

  1. hard

References

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  • “duro”, in Aragonario, diccionario castellano–aragonés (in Spanish)

Azerbaijani

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Etymology

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Borrowed from Classical Persian دور (dūr).

Adjective

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Other scripts
Cyrillic дур
Arabic دور

dur (comparative daha dur, superlative ən dur)

  1. (Classical Azerbaijani) far

Further reading

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  • “dur” in Obastan.com.

Catalan

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Pronunciation

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Etymology 1

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Inherited from Latin dūrus.

Adjective

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dur (feminine dura, masculine plural durs, feminine plural dures)

  1. hard (resistant to pressure)
    Antonym: tou
  2. difficult
    Synonym: difícil
    Antonym: fàcil
Derived terms
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Etymology 2

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Inherited from Latin dūcere, from Proto-Italic *doukō, from Proto-Indo-European *déwketi, from the root *dewk-.

Verb

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dur (first-person singular present duc, first-person singular preterite duguí, past participle dut)

  1. (transitive) to carry
    Synonym: portar
  2. (transitive) to bring
    Synonym: portar
Conjugation
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    Conjugation of dur (second conjugation, irregular, with velar infix)
infinitive dur
gerund duent
past participle masculine feminine
singular dut duta
plural duts dutes
person singular plural
first second third first second third
indicative jo tu ell/ella
vostè 		nosaltres
nós 		vosaltres
vós 		ells/elles
vostès
present duc duus, dus duu, du duem dueu duen
imperfect duia duies duia dúiem dúieu duien
future duré duràs durà durem dureu duran
preterite duguí dugueres dugué duguérem duguéreu dugueren
conditional duria duries duria duríem duríeu durien
subjunctive jo tu ell/ella
vostè 		nosaltres
nós 		vosaltres
vós 		ells/elles
vostès
present dugui duguis dugui duguem dugueu duguin
imperfect dugués duguessis dugués duguéssim duguéssiu duguessin
imperative — tu vostè nosaltres vosaltres
vós 		vostès
affirmative — duu, du dugui duguem dueu duguin
negative (no) — no duguis no dugui no duguem no dugueu no duguin

In Balearic, second person plural present indicative is duis, first person plural present indicative is duim.

Derived terms
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Further reading

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Czech

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Etymology

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Borrowed from German Dur.

Pronunciation

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  • IPA(key): [ˈdur]
  • Hyphenation: dur

Noun

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dur n (indeclinable)

  1. (music) major

Dalmatian

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Alternative forms

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Etymology

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From Latin dāre.

Verb

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dur (first-person singular present da, past participle dut)

  1. to give

Danish

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Etymology

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From German Dur, from Latin durus (“hard”).

Noun

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dur

  1. (music) major

Antonyms

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Franco-Provençal

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Etymology

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Inherited from Latin dūrus.

Adjective

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dur (feminine dura, masculine plural durs, feminine plural dures) (ORB, broad)

  1. hard
    Antonym: dox

References

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  • dur in DicoFranPro: Dictionnaire Français/Francoprovençal – on dicofranpro.llm.umontreal.ca
  • dur in Lo trèsor Arpitan – on arpitan.eu

French

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Etymology

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Inherited from Old French, from Latin dūrus.

Pronunciation

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Adjective

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dur (feminine dure, masculine plural durs, feminine plural dures)

  1. hard, tough (difficult to penetrate)
  2. hard (not soft)
  3. hard, tough (not easy, difficult)
  4. harsh (e.g. harsh conditions)
  5. (art) harsh (of a penstroke)

Derived terms

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Adverb

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dur

  1. hard
    travailler dur ― to work hard

Noun

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dur m (plural durs)

  1. firmness, solidity

Noun

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dur m (plural durs, feminine dure)

  1. hard case (tough person)

Further reading

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Anagrams

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Interlingua

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Adjective

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dur (comparative plus dur, superlative le plus dur)

  1. hard, not soft [1]

References

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  1. ^ Sexton, B. C. (2019), English-Interlingua: A Basic Vocabulary‎[1], Union Mundial pro Interlingua, →ISBN, retrieved 20 November 2020

Kalasha

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Etymology

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From Sanskrit द्वार (dvāra), ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *dʰwer- (“door”).

Noun

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dur (Arabic دوُر)

  1. house
    Synonyms: abádi, khatumán, ku, kuš
  2. door

Latvian

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Verb

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dur

  1. inflection of durt:
    1. second/third-person singular present indicative
    2. third-person plural present indicative
    3. second-person singular imperative
  2. (with the particle lai) third-person singular imperative of durt
  3. (with the particle lai) third-person plural imperative of durt

Lombard

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Alternative forms

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  • dür (Modern orthography)

Etymology

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From Latin dūrus, from Proto-Italic *dūros, from Proto-Indo-European *duh₂-ró-s (“long”), from *dweh₂- (“far, long”). Cognate with Ancient Greek δηρός (dērós, “long”), Sanskrit दूर (dūrá, “distant, far, long”).

Pronunciation

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Adjective

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dur m (feminine singular dura, masculine and feminine plural dur) (Classical Milanese orthography)

  1. hard
  2. tough, harsh
  3. stringy (of food)

References

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  • Francesco Cherubini, Vocabolario milanese-italiano, Volume 2, 1843, p. 58

Middle English

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Noun

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dur

  1. (Gloucestershire, Hampshire) alternative form of der (“deer”)

Occitan

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Etymology

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From Latin dūrus. Attested from the 12th century.[1]

Pronunciation

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Adjective

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dur m (feminine singular dura, masculine plural durs, feminine plural duras)

  1. hard (resistant to pressure)
  2. difficult

Derived terms

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References

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  1. ^ Diccionari General de la Lenga Occitana‎[2], L’Academia occitana – Consistòri del Gai Saber, 2008-2025, page 211

Polish

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Polish Wikipedia has an article on:
Wikipedia pl

Pronunciation

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Etymology 1

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Etymology tree
Proto-Slavic *durь
Polish dur

    Inherited from Proto-Slavic *durь.

    Noun

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    dur m inan

    1. typhus (any of several similar diseases, characterized by high recurrent fever)
      Synonym: tyfus
      dur brzuszny ― typhoid fever caused by typhoidal Salmonella bacteria
      dur plamisty ― spotted typhus caused by Rickettsia and Orientia bacteria
      dur powrotny ― relapsing fever caused by Borrelia bacteria
      dur rzekomy ― paratyphoid fever caused by paratyphoidal Salmonella bacteria
    2. (literary) daze, stupor, befuddlement (state of confusion caused by some strong stimulus, such as love)
      Synonym: zamroczenie
    Declension
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    Declension of dur
    singular
    nominative dur
    genitive duru
    dative durowi
    accusative dur
    instrumental durem
    locative durze
    vocative durze
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    adjective
    noun
    verb

    Etymology 2

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    Etymology tree
    German Durbor.
    Polish dur

      Borrowed from German Dur.

      Noun

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      dur m inan (indeclinable, related adjective durowy)

      1. (music) major (scale)
        Synonym: major
        Antonyms: minor, moll

      Adjective

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      dur (not comparable, no derived adverb)

      1. (music) major (scale)
        Synonyms: durowy, major, majorowy
        Antonyms: minor, minorowy, moll, mollowy

      Further reading

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      • “dur I”, in Wielki słownik języka polskiego‎[4] (in Polish), Instytut Języka Polskiego PAN
      • “dur II”, in Wielki słownik języka polskiego‎[5] (in Polish), Instytut Języka Polskiego PAN
      • “dur”, in Polish dictionaries at PWN‎[6] (in Polish)

      Romani

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      Etymology

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      From Sanskrit दूर (dūrá), from Proto-Indo-Aryan *duHrás, from Proto-Indo-Iranian *duHrás, from Proto-Indo-European *duh₂-ró-s, from *dweh₂- (“far, long”). Cognate with Hindi दूर (dūr), Bengali দূর (dur), Kamkata-viri bādūř, Persian دور (dur).

      Adverb

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      dur

      1. far

      Romanian

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      Etymology

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      Borrowed from French dur, Latin dūrus.

      Pronunciation

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      Adjective

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      dur m or n (feminine singular dură, masculine plural duri, feminine/neuter plural dure)

      1. hard, tough
        Synonym: tare
      2. rough, harsh, severe
        Synonyms: aspru, sever

      Declension

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      Declension of dur
      singular plural
      masculine neuter feminine masculine neuter feminine
      nominative-
      accusative       		indefinite dur dură duri dure
      definite durul dura durii durele
      genitive-
      dative       		indefinite dur dure duri dure
      definite durului durei durilor durelor
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      Slovak

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      Etymology

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      Borrowed from German Dur, which is based on Latin durus (“hard”).[1]

      Pronunciation

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      Noun

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      dur m inan or n (relational adjective durový)

      1. (music) major scale

      Declension

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      Declension of dur
      (pattern dub)
      singularplural
      nominativedurdury
      genitivedurudurov
      dativedurudurom
      accusativedurdury
      locativedureduroch
      instrumentalduromdurmi
      Declension of dur (indeclinable)
      singularplural
      nominativedurdur
      genitivedurdur
      dativedurdur
      accusativedurdur
      locativedurdur
      instrumentaldurdur

      References

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      1. ^ Králik, Ľubor (2016), “dur”, in Stručný etymologický slovník slovenčiny [Concise Etymological Dictionary of Slovak] (in Slovak), Bratislava: VEDA; JÚĽŠ SAV, →ISBN, page 139

      Further reading

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      • “dur”, in Slovníkový portál Jazykovedného ústavu Ľ. Štúra SAV [Dictionary portal of the Ľ. Štúr Institute of Linguistics, Slovak Academy of Science] (in Slovak), https://slovnik.juls.savba.sk, 2003–2026

      Sursurunga

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      Adjective

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      dur

      1. dirty

      Further reading

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      • Sursurunga Organised Phonology Data (2011)
      • Don Hutchisson, Sursurunga grammar essentials (1975)

      Swedish

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      Etymology

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      From Latin durus

      Pronunciation

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      Noun

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      dur c

      1. (music) major scale
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      References

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      Turkish

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      Turkish stop sign

      Verb

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      dur

      1. second-person singular imperative of durmak

      Welsh

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      Etymology

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      From Middle Welsh dur, from Proto-Brythonic *dʉr, from Latin dūrus (“hard”).

      Pronunciation

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      Noun

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      dur m (uncountable)

      1. steel

      Derived terms

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      Adjective

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      dur (feminine singular dur, plural dur, not comparable)

      1. (made of) steel
      2. (figurative) steely, hard, cruel
        Synonyms: duriog, durol

      Mutation

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      Mutated forms of dur
      radical soft nasal aspirate
      dur ddur nur unchanged

      Note: Certain mutated forms of some words can never occur in standard Welsh.
      All possible mutated forms are displayed for convenience.

      Further reading

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      • D. G. Lewis, N. Lewis, editors (2005–present), “dur”, in Gweiadur: the Welsh–English Dictionary, Gwerin
      • R. J. Thomas, G. A. Bevan, P. J. Donovan, A. Hawke, et al., editors (1950–present), “dur”, in Geiriadur Prifysgol Cymru Online (in Welsh), University of Wales Centre for Advanced Welsh & Celtic Studies
      Retrieved from "https://en.wiktionary.org/w/index.php?title=dur&oldid=90534223"