Wiktionary

doleo

Latin

edit

Etymology

edit

    From Proto-Italic *doleō (“to hurt, cause pain”), from Proto-Indo-European *dolh₁éyeti (“to divide”), from *delh₁- (“to cut”). The sense development is thus assumed to be that "divide" came to mean "divide someone into pieces, hurt".[1] Compare dolō (“hew, fashion, devise”).

    Compare typologically Russian ломота́ (lomotá) (< ломи́ть (lomítʹ)). Also compare the terms with the opposite meaning English heal, health (akin to whole), Russian цели́ть (celítʹ), исцеля́ть (isceljátʹ) (akin to це́лый (célyj)).

    Also compare expressions like: fragile health, хрупкое (xrupkoje) здоро́вье (zdoróvʹje); splitting headache, голова́ (golová) раска́лывается (raskályvajetsja).

    For the 'to be sorry, to grieve for' meaning, compare typologically сокруша́ться (sokrušátʹsja) (akin to круши́ть (krušítʹ)). See also Latin condoleō.

    Pronunciation

    edit

    Verb

    edit

    doleō (present infinitive dolēre, perfect active doluī, supine dolitum); second conjugation, no passive

    1. (intransitive) to hurt, suffer (physical pain)
    2. (intransitive, transitive) to be sorry, to grieve for, lament, deplore
      • Bernard of Clairvaux (1090–1153):
        Vulgō dīcitur: quod nōn videt oculus, cor nōn dolet
        It is commonly said: What the eye does not see, the heart does not grieve

    Conjugation

    edit
       Conjugation of doleō (second conjugation, no passive)
    indicative singular plural
    first second third first second third
    active present doleō dolēs dolet dolēmus dolētis dolent
    imperfect dolēbam dolēbās dolēbat dolēbāmus dolēbātis dolēbant
    future dolēbō dolēbis dolēbit dolēbimus dolēbitis dolēbunt
    perfect doluī doluistī doluit doluimus doluistis doluērunt,
    doluēre
    pluperfect dolueram doluerās doluerat doluerāmus doluerātis doluerant
    future perfect doluerō dolueris doluerit doluerimus dolueritis doluerint
    subjunctive singular plural
    first second third first second third
    active present doleam doleās doleat doleāmus doleātis doleant
    imperfect dolērem dolērēs dolēret dolērēmus dolērētis dolērent
    perfect doluerim doluerīs doluerit doluerīmus doluerītis doluerint
    pluperfect doluissem doluissēs doluisset doluissēmus doluissētis doluissent
    imperative singular plural
    first second third first second third
    active present — dolē — — dolēte —
    future — dolētō dolētō — dolētōte dolentō
    non-finite forms infinitive participle
    active passive active passive
    present dolēre — dolēns —
    future dolitūrum esse — dolitūrus —
    perfect doluisse — — —
    perfect potential dolitūrum fuisse — — —
    verbal nouns gerund supine
    genitive dative accusative ablative accusative ablative
    dolendī dolendō dolendum dolendō dolitum dolitū

    Derived terms

    edit
    edit

    Descendants

    edit

    References

    edit
    1. ^ De Vaan, Michiel (2008), “doleō”, in Etymological Dictionary of Latin and the other Italic Languages (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 7), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 176

    Further reading

    edit
    • “doleo”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879), A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
    • “doleo”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891), An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
    • doleo in Dizionario Latino, Olivetti
    • “doleo”, in Gaffiot, Félix (1934), Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette.
    • Carl Meißner; Henry William Auden (1894), Latin Phrase-Book‎[1], London: Macmillan and Co.
      • I am pained, vexed, sorry: doleo aliquid, aliqua re, de and ex aliqua re
      • I am sorry for you: tuam vicem doleo
    Retrieved from "https://en.wiktionary.org/w/index.php?title=doleo&oldid=90093821"