campania

See also: campanià, Campania, Campânia, and Campània

English

Etymology

From Italian campagna, respelled after its etymon Late Latin campānia (“open country, battlefield”) (compare the region Campania), from Latin campus (“field”). Doublet of campaign, campagna, and champagne.

Noun

campania (plural campanias)

1. (obsolete) Open country.
   • 1679, William Temple, “An Essay upon the Original and Nature of Government. […]”, in Miscellanea. […], London: […] A. M. and R. R. for Edw[ard] Gellibrand, […], →OCLC, page 52:

     The contrary of all this happens in Countries thin inhabited, and eſpecially in vaſt Campania’s, ſuch as are extended through Aſia and Africk, where there are few Cities, beſides what grow by the Reſidence of the Kings or their Governours.

Further reading

• “campania”, in Webster’s Revised Unabridged Dictionary, Springfield, Mass.: G. & C. Merriam, 1913, →OCLC.

Latin

Alternative forms

• campānea

Etymology

Etymology tree

Proto-Indo-European *kh₂em-der.

Proto-Indo-European *kh₂ém-po-s

Proto-Italic *kampos

Latin campus

Proto-Indo-European *-nós

Proto-Italic *-nos

Proto-Italic *-ānos

Latin -ānus

Proto-Indo-European *-éyos

Proto-Italic *-ejos

Proto-Italic *-eos

Latin -eus

Latin -āneus

Latin campāneus

Latin campānia

Substantivisation of Late Latin campāneus (“of fields, in a plain”), from campus (“level field”) +‎ -āneus. Attested from the sixth century CE.

Noun

campānia f (genitive campāniae); first declension (Late Latin)

1. plain
2. countryside surrounding a city
3. cultivable land

Declension

First-declension noun.

	singular	plural
nominative	campānia	campāniae
genitive	campāniae	campāniārum
dative	campāniae	campāniīs
accusative	campāniam	campāniās
ablative	campāniā	campāniīs
vocative	campānia	campāniae

Descendants

• Italo-Dalmatian:
  • Corsican: campagna
  • Italian: campagna (see there for further descendants)
  • Neapolitan: campagna
  • Sicilian: campagna
  • Venetan: campagna
• Rhaeto-Romance:
  • Romansh: champagna
• Gallo-Romance:
  • Catalan: campanya
  • Occitan: campanha
  • Old French: champaigne, champagne, campaigne (northern)
    • French: champagne, campagne, Champagne (see there for further descendants)
    • Norman: campagne
• Ibero-Romance:
  • Old Galician-Portuguese: campanna
    • Galician: campaña
    • Portuguese: campanha
  • Spanish: campaña (see there for further descendants)
  • → Andalusian Arabic: كَنْبِنْيَا (*kanpinyā)
    • → Spanish: campiña

References

• "campania", in Charles du Fresne du Cange, Glossarium Mediæ et Infimæ Latinitatis (augmented edition with additions by D. P. Carpenterius, Adelungius and others, edited by Léopold Favre, 1883–1887)
• R. E. Latham, D. R. Howlett, & R. K. Ashdowne, editors (1975–2013), “campania”, in Dictionary of Medieval Latin from British Sources‎^[1], London: Oxford University Press for the British Academy, →ISBN, →OCLC
• campania in Bayerische Akademie der Wissenschaften (1967– ), Mittellateinisches Wörterbuch, Munich: C.H. Beck
• Niermeyer, Jan Frederik (1976), “campanius”, in Mediae Latinitatis Lexicon Minus, Leiden, Boston: E. J. Brill, page 122