blavus

Latin

Etymology tree

Proto-Indo-European *bʰel-

Proto-Indo-European *-eh₁-

Proto-Indo-European *bʰleh₁-der.

Proto-Indo-European *bʰleh₁wos

Proto-Germanic *blēwaz

Proto-West Germanic *blāubor.

Latin blāvus

Borrowed from a descendant of Proto-Germanic *blēwaz (“blue”). First attested in Isidore of Seville.

blāvus (feminine blāva, neuter blāvum); first/second-declension adjective (Late Latin)

	masculine	feminine	neuter	masculine	feminine	neuter
	singular			plural
nominative	blāvus	blāva	blāvum	blāvī	blāvae	blāva
genitive	blāvī	blāvae	blāvī	blāvōrum	blāvārum	blāvōrum
dative	blāvō	blāvae	blāvō	blāvīs
accusative	blāvum	blāvam	blāvum	blāvōs	blāvās	blāva
ablative	blāvō	blāvā	blāvō	blāvīs
vocative	blāve	blāva	blāvum	blāvī	blāvae	blāva

Italo-Romance:
- Italian: biavo (dialectal, obsolete)
Padanian:
- Romansh: blau, blo, blov
- Venetan: biavo
Northern Gallo-Romance:
- Old French: bloe, blou, bleu, blu, blef, bleve
  - Bourguignon: blieu
  - Champenois: bieu
  - Middle French: bleu
    - French: bleu
      - Haitian Creole: ble
      - Louisiana Creole: blé, ble
      - Mauritian Creole: ble
      - Réunion Creole French: blé
      - → Greek: μπλε (ble)
      - → Istriot: blu
      - → Italian: blu
      - → Ladino: blö
    - → Dutch: bleu
  - Norman: bliû (Jersey), bllu, blleu
  - Walloon: bleu, bleuwe, blåwe
  - → Middle English: blew, bleu, blewe, blue, blw, blwe, blyu
    - English: blue
    - Scots: blew, blue
    - Yola: blue
  - → Sicilian: blu
  - →? Ladino: blu
Southern Gallo-Romance:
- Catalan: blau, blava
- Occitan: blau, blava
Ibero-Romance:
- Portuguese: blao, blau (dialectal, obsolete)
- Old Spanish: blavo

Colors in Classical and Old Latin · colōrēs (layout · text)
albus, candidus, cānus, marmoreus (poetic), eburneus (poetic), niveus (poetic), argenteus (poetic), lacteus (poetic)	pullus, fuscus, aquilus, mūrīnus (of livestock)	āter, niger, furvus, piceus (poetic)
rūfus, russus, ruber, flammeus (poetic), rōbus (of oxen), burrus; pūniceus, spādīx (poetic), sanguineus (poetic)	rutilus, fulvus (poetic), rāvus (of eyes), aureus (poetic), croceus (poetic); rūbidus, niger (of eyes), badius (of horses)	lūteus, flāvus, lūridus, pallidus, gilvus (of horses), helvus (of cattle); cēreus (poetic)
viridis, flāvus (poetic)	viridis, herbeus, fulvus (poetic)	viridis, glaucus, caeruleus (poetic, only dark)
	glaucus, caesius (of eyes)	caeruleus, līvidus, ferrūgineus (poetic), glaucus
violāceus	purpureus (underlying shade)	roseus

"blavus", in Charles du Fresne du Cange, Glossarium Mediæ et Infimæ Latinitatis (augmented edition with additions by D. P. Carpenterius, Adelungius and others, edited by Léopold Favre, 1883–1887)