aardappel

Dutch

Enkele aardappelen.

Solanum tuberosum

Alternative forms

• eerdappel, eertappel, aerd-appel, aerdtappel (all obsolete)

Etymology

From Middle Dutch erdappel (“hog's bread”), equivalent to aarde (“soil, earth, ground”) +‎ appel (“apple”), cognate with Middle Low German erdappel (modern Low German Erdappel), Old High German erdapful (“pumpkin, squash, melon”) (modern German Erdapfel (“potato”)), West Frisian ierappel (“potato”), Old English eorþæppel (“cucumber”) (rare modern English earthapple (“potato”)), Danish jordæble. Compare also French pomme de terre (“potato”), Luxembourgish Gromper (“potato”, literally “ground pear”), regional German Grundbirne (“ground pear”).

In the 16th and 17th centuries, used for various tubers and fruits that grow in or near the soil. Modern sense spread in the 18th century.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈaːr.dɑ.pəl/

• Audio:

  (file)

• Hyphenation: aard‧ap‧pel

Noun

aardappel m (plural aardappelen or aardappels, diminutive aardappeltje n)

1. potato (tuber eaten as vegetable)
2. potato plant (Solanum tuberosum)

   Synonym: aardappelplant

   Hypernym: nachtschade

Usage notes

• Although the more common plural of appel is appels, not appelen, the more common plural of aardappel is aardappelen (at least in written style).

Derived terms

• aardappelbes
• aardappelblad
• aardappelbloem
• aardappelchips
• aardappeleter
• aardappelhoofd
• aardappelmeel
• aardappeloogst
• aardappelplant
• aardappelpuree
• aardappelzetmeel
• pootaardappel
• zoete aardappel

Related terms

• aardpeer

Descendants

• Afrikaans: aartappel
  • → Xhosa: itapile
• Berbice Creole Dutch: adaplu
• → Ambonese Malay: artapel
• → Betawi: artapel
• → English: earthapple (calque) (in the sense of "potato")
• → Gorontalo: artape
• → Icelandic: jarðepli
• → Kristang: atapal, artapal
• → Manado Malay: artapel
• → Malayalam: അടുതാപ്പ് (aṭutāppŭ)
• → Sinhalese: අර්‍තාපල් (artāpal)
• → Tamil: அர்த்தாப்பு (arttāppu)

Further reading

• aardappel on the Dutch Wikipedia.Wikipedia ^nl