Turku

See also: turku and türkü

English

Etymology

From Finnish Turku, from Old East Slavic търгъ (tŭrgŭ, “market place”).

Proper noun

Turku

2. A municipality, the capital city of the region of Southwest Finland.

Synonyms

• Åbo

Derived terms

• Turkuan

Translations

A city in Finland

• Arabic: تُورْكُو (turkū)
• Chinese:

  Mandarin: 圖爾庫 / 图尔库 (Tú'ěrkù)

• Czech: Turku (cs) n
• Danish: Turku
• Estonian: Turu (et)
• Finnish: Turku (fi)
• French: Turku (fr)
• German: Turku (de)
• Greek: Τούρκου (el) n (Toúrkou)
• Hebrew: טורקו m (turqu)
• Hindi: तुर्कू (turkū)
• Japanese: トゥルク (Turuku)
• Korean: 투르쿠 (Tureuku)
• Kurdish:

  Northern Kurdish: Turku (ku) f

• Latin: Aboa
• Norwegian:

  Bokmål: Åbo

  Nynorsk: Åbo

• Old East Slavic: Кабы (Kaby)
• Portuguese: Turku f, Abo f
• Russian: Ту́рку (ru) m (Túrku), А́бо (ru) m (Ábo)
• Spanish: Turku, Abo
• Swedish: Åbo (sv) n
• Turkish: Turku (tr)

Anagrams

• Truku

Finnish

Etymology

From turku (“market place”) (archaic) (see it for more). Originally the city was referred to as "Suomen Turku" (attested as the inessive Somen Turus in 1543), i.e. the marketplace or market city in Finland, as opposed to market cities located elsewhere around the Baltic Sea. The surname may derive from the name of the city.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈturku/, [ˈt̪urku]

• Audio:

  (file)

• Rhymes: -urku
• Syllabification^(key): Tur‧ku
• Hyphenation^(key): Tur‧ku

Proper noun

Turku

1. (uncountable) Turku (a municipality, the capital city of the region of Southwest Finland)
2. a Finnish surname

Declension

The internal locative cases (inessive, illative and elative) are used with this place name when referring to a location; for example, "in Turku" is Turussa.

Inflection of Turku (Kotus type 1*D/valo, k–∅ gradation)
nominative		Turku	Turut
genitive		Turun	Turkujen
partitive		Turkua	Turkuja
illative		Turkuun	Turkuihin
		singular	plural
nominative		Turku	Turut
accusative	nom.	Turku	Turut
	gen.	Turun
genitive		Turun	Turkujen
partitive		Turkua	Turkuja
inessive		Turussa	Turuissa
elative		Turusta	Turuista
illative		Turkuun	Turkuihin
adessive		Turulla	Turuilla
ablative		Turulta	Turuilta
allative		Turulle	Turuille
essive		Turkuna	Turkuina
translative		Turuksi	Turuiksi
abessive		Turutta	Turuitta
instructive		—	Turuin
comitative		See the possessive forms below.

Possessive forms of Turku (Kotus type 1*D/valo, k–∅ gradation)

first-person singular possessor singular plural nominative Turkuni Turkuni accusative nom. Turkuni Turkuni gen. Turkuni genitive Turkuni Turkujeni partitive Turkuani Turkujani inessive Turussani Turuissani elative Turustani Turuistani illative Turkuuni Turkuihini adessive Turullani Turuillani ablative Turultani Turuiltani allative Turulleni Turuilleni essive Turkunani Turkuinani translative Turukseni Turuikseni abessive Turuttani Turuittani instructive — — comitative — Turkuineni second-person singular possessor singular plural nominative Turkusi Turkusi accusative nom. Turkusi Turkusi gen. Turkusi genitive Turkusi Turkujesi partitive Turkuasi Turkujasi inessive Turussasi Turuissasi elative Turustasi Turuistasi illative Turkuusi Turkuihisi adessive Turullasi Turuillasi ablative Turultasi Turuiltasi allative Turullesi Turuillesi essive Turkunasi Turkuinasi translative Turuksesi Turuiksesi abessive Turuttasi Turuittasi instructive — — comitative — Turkuinesi first-person plural possessor singular plural nominative Turkumme Turkumme accusative nom. Turkumme Turkumme gen. Turkumme genitive Turkumme Turkujemme partitive Turkuamme Turkujamme inessive Turussamme Turuissamme elative Turustamme Turuistamme illative Turkuumme Turkuihimme adessive Turullamme Turuillamme ablative Turultamme Turuiltamme allative Turullemme Turuillemme essive Turkunamme Turkuinamme translative Turuksemme Turuiksemme abessive Turuttamme Turuittamme instructive — — comitative — Turkuinemme second-person plural possessor singular plural nominative Turkunne Turkunne accusative nom. Turkunne Turkunne gen. Turkunne genitive Turkunne Turkujenne partitive Turkuanne Turkujanne inessive Turussanne Turuissanne elative Turustanne Turuistanne illative Turkuunne Turkuihinne adessive Turullanne Turuillanne ablative Turultanne Turuiltanne allative Turullenne Turuillenne essive Turkunanne Turkuinanne translative Turuksenne Turuiksenne abessive Turuttanne Turuittanne instructive — — comitative — Turkuinenne third-person possessor singular plural nominative Turkunsa Turkunsa accusative nom. Turkunsa Turkunsa gen. Turkunsa genitive Turkunsa Turkujensa partitive Turkuaan Turkuansa Turkujaan Turkujansa inessive Turussaan Turussansa Turuissaan Turuissansa elative Turustaan Turustansa Turuistaan Turuistansa illative Turkuunsa Turkuihinsa adessive Turullaan Turullansa Turuillaan Turuillansa ablative Turultaan Turultansa Turuiltaan Turuiltansa allative Turulleen Turullensa Turuilleen Turuillensa essive Turkunaan Turkunansa Turkuinaan Turkuinansa translative Turukseen Turuksensa Turuikseen Turuiksensa abessive Turuttaan Turuttansa Turuittaan Turuittansa instructive — — comitative — Turkuineen Turkuinensa

Derived terms

• turkulainen

compounds

• Turunmaa

Statistics

• The surname Turku belongs to 234 individuals, according to August 2025 data from the Digital and Population Data Services Agency of Finland.

Anagrams

• kurut

French

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /tuʁ.ku/

Proper noun

Turku ?

1. Turku (a municipality, the capital city of the region of Southwest Finland)

German

Proper noun

Turku n (proper noun, genitive Turkus or (optionally with an article) Turku)

1. Turku (a municipality, the capital city of the region of Southwest Finland)

Polish

Turku

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈtur.ku/

• Audio:

  (file)

• Rhymes: -urku
• Syllabification: Tur‧ku
• Homophone: turku

Etymology 1

Unadapted borrowing from Finnish Turku. Doublet of targ.

Proper noun

Turku n (indeclinable)

1. Turku (a municipality, the capital city of the region of Southwest Finland)

Etymology 2

See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.

Noun

Turku m pers

1. locative/vocative singular of Turek

Etymology 3

See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.

Noun

Turku m inan

1. locative/vocative singular of Turek

Further reading

• “Turku”, in Polish dictionaries at PWN‎^[1] (in Polish)
• Turku in PWN's encyclopedia

Portuguese

Etymology

Borrowed from Finnish Turku.

Proper noun

Turku f

1. Turku (a municipality, the capital city of the region of Southwest Finland)

   Synonym: Abo

Spanish

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈtuɾku/ [ˈt̪uɾ.ku]
• Rhymes: -uɾku
• Syllabification: Tur‧ku

Proper noun

Turku ?

1. Turku (a municipality, the capital city of the region of Southwest Finland)