-edo

See also: Appendix:Variations of "edo"

Esperanto

Etymology

Etymology tree

Pre-Greekder.

Ancient Greek -ῐς (-ĭs)

Ancient Greek -ῐ́ς (-ĭ́s)

Proto-Indo-European *-os

Proto-Indo-European *-ēs

Proto-Hellenic *-ēs

Ancient Greek -ης (-ēs)

Ancient Greek -ίδης (-ídēs)bor.

Latin -idēsbor.

▲

Ancient Greek -ειδής (-eidḗs)influ.

Translingual -idaebor.

Esperanto -edo

From translingual -idae, modified to avoid homophony with -ido.

Suffix

-edo

1. (zoology) member of taxonomic family named after an animal
   • bovo (“head of cattle”); bovedoj (“bovids, the Bovidae family”)
   • cervo (“deer”); cervedoj (“cervids, the Cervidae family”)
   • homo (“human”); homedoj (“hominids, the Hominidae family”)
   • leporo (“rabbit”); leporedoj (“leporids, the Leporidae family”)
   • urso (“bear”); ursedoj (“ursids, the Ursidae family”)

Derived terms

Esperanto terms suffixed with -edo

alaŭdedo

alcededo

bovedo

cervedo

ekvedo

felisedo

homedo

kameledo

kanisedo

Latin

Alternative forms

• -īdō

Etymology

See Proto-Indo-European *-Hō. Compare also -tūdō.

Leumann 1977 compares Greek ἀλγηδών (algēdṓn) and argues the suffix developed by rebracketing of formations in -dō built on verbs with stems ending in -ē-, such as torpēdō from torpeō (whose ending is derived from the PIE stative suffix *-éh₁yeti). Gary Miller 2006 expresses doubt about the overall etymology (including whether it is related to -ē- verbs), but suggests -ēdō, -īdō and -tūdō share a common element *-Hdon- which might go back to earlier *-(e)t-h₃onh₂-.

Pronunciation

• (Classical Latin) IPA^(key): [ˈeː.doː]
• (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA^(key): [ˈɛː.do]

Suffix

-ēdō f (genitive -ēdinis); third declension

1. suffixed to the roots of adjectives and verbs, chiefly forms abstract nouns

   absūmō (“to consume”) + -ēdō → absūmēdō (“consumption”)

   dulcis (“sweet; kind”) + -ēdō → dulcēdō (“sweetness; kindness”)

   gravis (“heavy, grave”) + -ēdō → gravēdō (“cold in the head”)

   torpeō (“to be stiff, inert”) + -ēdō → torpēdō (“stiffness, lethargy; torpedo fish”)

Declension

Third-declension noun.

	singular	plural
nominative	-ēdō	-ēdinēs
genitive	-ēdinis	-ēdinum
dative	-ēdinī	-ēdinibus
accusative	-ēdinem	-ēdinēs
ablative	-ēdine	-ēdinibus
vocative	-ēdō	-ēdinēs

Derived terms

Latin terms suffixed with -edo

absumedo

albedo

brunedo

capedo

dulcedo

frigedo

glaucedo

gravedo

livedo

nigredo

pigredo

pinguedo

rubedo

scabredo

serpedo

torpedo

tussedo

uredo

Descendants

• Old Galician-Portuguese: -een
  • Galician: -én

References

• “-ēdō” on page 587/1 of the Oxford Latin Dictionary (1st ed., 1968–82)

Portuguese

Etymology

Etymology tree

Proto-Indo-European *-tus

Proto-Italic *-tus

Latin -tus

Latin -tum

Latin -ētum

Portuguese -edo

Inherited from Latin -ētum.

Pronunciation

• (Brazil) IPA^(key): /ˈe.du/

 

• (Portugal) IPA^(key): /ˈe.du/ [ˈe.ðu]

• (Portugal) IPA^(key): /ˈe.du/ [ˈe.ðu]
  • (Southern Portugal) IPA^(key): /ˈe.du/

Suffix

-edo m (noun-forming suffix, plural -edos)

1. forms collectives

   ‎árvore (“tree”) + ‎-edo → ‎arvoredo (“grove”)

Derived terms

Portuguese terms suffixed with -edo

arvoredo

brinquedo

bruxedo

bunhedo

figueiredo

gajedo

lajedo

nalguedo

olivedo

penedo

rochedo

Further reading

• “-edo”, in Dicionário Aulete Digital (in Portuguese), Rio de Janeiro: Lexikon Editora Digital, 2008–2026

Spanish

Etymology

Etymology tree

Proto-Indo-European *-tus

Proto-Italic *-tus

Latin -tus

Latin -tum

Latin -ētum

Spanish -edo

Inherited from Latin -ētum.

Suffix

-edo m (noun-forming suffix, plural -edos)

1. forms collective nouns, most commonly regarding plants

   Synonym: -eda

   ‎haya (“beech”) + ‎-edo → ‎hayedo (“beech wood”)

Derived terms

Spanish terms suffixed with -edo

acebedo

avellanedo

roquedo

Further reading

• “-edo”, in Diccionario de la lengua española [Dictionary of the Spanish Language] (in Spanish), online version 23.8.1, Royal Spanish Academy [Spanish: Real Academia Española], 15 December 2025