openclaw agent

Run one agent turn through the Gateway. Falls back to the embedded agent if the Gateway request fails; pass --local to force embedded execution up front.

Pass at least one session selector: --to, --session-key, --session-id, or --agent.

Related: Agent send tool

Options

• -m, --message <text>: message body
• --message-file <path>: read the message body from a UTF-8 file
• -t, --to <dest>: recipient used to derive the session key
• --session-key <key>: explicit session key to use for routing
• --session-id <id>: explicit session id
• --agent <id>: agent id; overrides routing bindings
• --model <id>: model override for this run (provider/model or model id)
• --thinking <level>: agent thinking level (off, minimal, low, medium, high, plus provider-supported custom levels such as xhigh, adaptive, or max)
• --verbose <on|off>: persist verbose level for the session
• --channel <channel>: delivery channel; omit to use the main session channel
• --reply-to <target>: delivery target override
• --reply-channel <channel>: delivery channel override
• --reply-account <id>: delivery account override
• --local: run the embedded agent directly (after plugin registry preload)
• --deliver: send the reply back to the selected channel/target
• --timeout <seconds>: override agent timeout (default 600, or agents.defaults.timeoutSeconds); 0 disables the timeout
• --json: output JSON

Examples

openclaw agent --to +15555550123 --message "status update" --deliveropenclaw agent --agent ops --message "Summarize logs"openclaw agent --agent ops --message-file ./task.mdopenclaw agent --agent ops --model openai/gpt-5.4 --message "Summarize logs"openclaw agent --session-key agent:ops:incident-42 --message "Summarize status"openclaw agent --agent ops --session-key incident-42 --message "Summarize status"openclaw agent --session-id 1234 --message "Summarize inbox" --thinking mediumopenclaw agent --to +15555550123 --message "Trace logs" --verbose on --jsonopenclaw agent --agent ops --message "Generate report" --deliver --reply-channel slack --reply-to "#reports"openclaw agent --agent ops --message "Run locally" --local

Notes

• Pass exactly one of --message or --message-file. --message-file strips a leading UTF-8 BOM and preserves multiline content; it rejects files that are not valid UTF-8.
• Slash commands (for example /compact) cannot run through --message. The CLI rejects them and points you at the first-class command instead (openclaw sessions compact <key> for compaction).
• --local and embedded fallback runs are one-shot: bundled MCP loopback resources and warm Claude stdio sessions opened for the run are retired after the reply, so scripted invocations do not leave local child processes running. Gateway-backed runs keep Gateway-owned MCP loopback resources under the running Gateway process instead.
• With --agent, --channel and --to together, session routing follows the channel's canonical recipient and session.dmScope. Channels with a stable outbound-only recipient identity use a provider-owned session isolated from the agent's main session. --reply-channel and --reply-account affect delivery only.
• --session-key selects an explicit session key. Agent-prefixed keys must use agent:<agent-id>:<session-key>, and --agent must match the key's agent id when both are given. Bare non-sentinel keys scope to --agent when supplied, or to the configured default agent otherwise; for example --agent ops --session-key incident-42 routes to agent:ops:incident-42. The literal keys global and unknown stay unscoped only when no --agent is supplied.
• --json reserves stdout for the JSON response; Gateway, plugin, and embedded-fallback diagnostics go to stderr so scripts can parse stdout directly.
• Embedded fallback JSON includes meta.transport: "embedded" and meta.fallbackFrom: "gateway" so scripts can detect a fallback run.
• If the Gateway accepts a run but the CLI times out waiting for the final reply, embedded fallback uses a fresh gateway-fallback-* session/run id and reports meta.fallbackReason: "gateway_timeout" plus the fallback session fields, instead of racing the Gateway-owned transcript or silently replacing the original session.
• SIGTERM/SIGINT interrupt a waiting Gateway-backed request; if the Gateway already accepted the run, the CLI also sends chat.abort for that run id before exiting. --local and embedded fallback runs receive the same signal but do not send chat.abort. If the internal run-dedup key already has an active run for this session, the response reports status: "in_flight" and the non-JSON CLI prints a stderr diagnostic instead of an empty reply. For external cron/systemd wrappers, keep a hard-kill backstop such as timeout -k 60 600 openclaw agent ... so the supervisor can reap the process if shutdown cannot drain.
• When this command triggers models.json regeneration, SecretRef-managed provider credentials are persisted as non-secret markers (for example env var names, secretref-env:ENV_VAR_NAME, or secretref-managed), never resolved secret plaintext. Marker writes come from the active source config snapshot, not from resolved runtime secret values.

JSON delivery status

With --json --deliver, the CLI JSON response includes top-level deliveryStatus so scripts can distinguish delivered, suppressed, partial, and failed sends:

{  "payloads": [{ "text": "Report ready", "mediaUrl": null }],  "meta": { "durationMs": 1200 },  "deliveryStatus": {    "requested": true,    "attempted": true,    "status": "sent",    "succeeded": true,    "resultCount": 1  }}

Gateway-backed CLI responses also preserve the raw Gateway result shape at result.deliveryStatus.

deliveryStatus.status is one of:

Common fields:

• requested: always true when the object is present.
• attempted: true once the durable send path ran; false for preflight failures or no visible payloads.
• succeeded: true, false, or "partial"; "partial" pairs with status: "partial_failed".
• reason: lowercase snake-case reason from durable delivery or preflight validation. Known values include cancelled_by_message_sending_hook, no_visible_payload, no_visible_result, channel_resolved_to_internal, unknown_channel, invalid_delivery_target, and no_delivery_target; failed durable sends may also report the failed stage. Treat unknown values as opaque since the set can expand.
• resultCount: number of channel send results, when available.
• sentBeforeError: true when a partial failure sent at least one payload before erroring.
• error: true for failed or partial-failed sends.
• errorMessage: present only when an underlying delivery error message was captured. Preflight failures carry error/reason but no errorMessage.
• payloadOutcomes: optional per-payload results with index, status, reason, resultCount, error, stage, sentBeforeError, or hook metadata when available.

Related

• CLI reference
• Agent runtime