Tags: empowerment

The Difference Blog

Boy Nurses!

Connie Llanos (2007), reporting for the L.A. Daily News, says that "men are ignoring the social stigmas associated with nursing and finding that the job is not just women's work." The medical industry is actively recruiting men to combat the nationwide nursing shortage. Jerry Lucas, editor of Male Nurse Magazine, told Llanos he "felt compelled" to get men interested in nursing after working in New York City after September 11th. Progress, however, is slow. Jean P. Fisher (2007) reporting for the NC News & Observer says that 3% of RNs in North Carolina were male in 1985. Twenty years later, men still make up only 7%. "The biggest challenge is still getting men to see nursing as a masculine role," Billy Bevill (VP of recruiting at NCCN) told Fisher.

Simpson (2004) reported that men in female-dominated careers "adopt a variety of strategies to re-establish a masculinity that has been undermined by the ‘feminine‘ nature of their work." Beck et al (2006) found that boys were less comfortable than girls in entering into a non-traditionally-gendered career. Gender stereotypes do have a significant effect on the workplace conditions for male nurses. Evans (2002) suggests that the stereotype of males as sexual aggressors impacts the ability of a male nurse to do his work. Yassi et al (1995) did not find significant gender differences in workplace injury rates between male and female nurses, despite Floge and Merrill's (1986) observation that male nurses were asked to lift things more often than female nurses.



As I've mentioned before, I gravitate towards other-gendered fields. There may be some truth to my mother's insistence that I have to put myself in the minority. However, I think that the important thing to look at between yesterday's Girl Geeks! and today's post is the implication that women are empowered by entering into male fields, whereas men are weakened by entering into female fields. This inherent sexism is probably too obvious to be worth stating, but I don't see any obvious solution.
The Difference Blog

The shape of desire

Baumeister et al (2001) suggest that the sex drive construct is overly generalized to related but separate concepts, such as enjoyment of sex or sexual capacity. While Baumeister et al. found that (true to folk wisdom) men had a higher sex drive, no gender difference on the other measures was reported. Peplau (2003) goes further, suggesting a set of four major gender differences in human sexuality: sexual desire or drive (higher for men), the role of relationships (more important to women), the role of aggression (higher for men), and sexual plasticity or tendency for change (higher for women). Peplau also claims that these differences are constant across cultures and sexualities, appearing for heterosexuals, lesbians, and gay men.

Leiblum (2002) claims that the desire gap is narrowing as women gain in social power, suggesting that the differences are largely socially created. However, neural imaging studies may show it to be more complicated. Fisher et al (2002) (including "love expert" Arthur Aron) break sexual attraction into three separate but related parts which have different neural correlates. The three "motivation systems" they identify are lust, romantic attraction, and male–female attachment. Understanding how these motivation systems are different may be pivotal in understanding not only human sexuality, but human motivation in general.



If I've seen any point of agreement among ftms on the effects of testosterone, it's on the increase in sex drive. Almost every ftm reports that their sex drive becomes much stronger after beginning hormones. In my own experience, the sex drive not only increased, but also changed in a very distinct way. "Sex" after testosterone became much more about orgasm. Masturbation became easier and more satisfying, which I was thankful for, because I found myself driven to distraction unless I orgasmed frequently. This shift in focus made me question what had been the motivation behind my high sex drive prior to hormones. The best explanation I could come up with is that sex had been an affirmation for me before hormones. Testosterone let me see sex as a release, instead of a crutch, and my self-esteem stopped depending so much on it.