From BSC to the LHC

Published 2008 | Version v1

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John Bardeen (left) Leon Cooper (centre) and Robert Schrieffer (right), proposed their theory of superconductivity in 1957. They received the Nobel Prize in Physics 15 years later in 1972. (Courtesy AIP Emilio Segrè Visual Archives, W F Meggers Gallery of Nobel Laureates.) md5:5156f0e60ef973937be2a9d9e82fef22	730.9 kB	Preview Download
A Mexican hat illustrates the Goldstone theorem. Though the hat is invariant under rotations about a vertical axis, a small ball will come to rest off the axis of symmetry, somewhere on the brim of the hat, but it can move freely with no restoring force around the brim. Broken approximate symmetry is illustrated by slightly tilting the hat; this produces a small restoring force, analogous to the small mass of the pion. md5:84732075295743758c77b258d9c22ac6	88.9 kB	Preview Download
Superconducting cable (left) the heart of the magnets for the LHC at CERN (right), where experiments will search for the Higgs boson. md5:506428e5176583a49b60eae37ac786d7	1.3 MB	Preview Download