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Population: 83 149 300 people (2020) The population of Germany is exceptionally homogenic in terms of its national composition: almost 100% of its permanent residents are Germans. National minorities make up about 0.2% of the country's population. These are: Danes - 30,000, Gypsies - 40,000, Dutch - 80,000, Lusatians - 20,000.
State language (German) is adopted as the state language, but residents also use many dialects and languages of national minorities. About 95% of the population speaks German in the country. Linguists have about sixty dialects in use among the Germans.
The recognized languages of national minorities are Danish, Frisian, Lusatian, Roma and Lower Saxon.
Russian in Germany is spoken by about 6 million people, and half of them are immigrants from the countries of the former USSR and their descendants.
Features: the country has access to the sea.
Capital city: Berlin with 3.769 million population (31 Dec 2019)
Economy. The volume of GDP is 3846 billion USD (2019). Annual GDP growth rate - 11.3% (Q2 / 20), GDP per capita - USD 47 628 (2019), GDP per capita PPP - USD 53 815 (2019).
The real cost of living in Germany today is 347 euros for a head of family and 80% of this amount for all other family members.
It is this amount that low income segments of the population, for example, the unemployed, can expect to have as material assistance.
According to the World Bank's "Doing Business" rating, Germany is ranked 22nd among 190 countries. Currency: Euro.
The main sectors of the economy
The basis of the modern German economy is mechanical engineering. About 42% of the world's printing equipment is manufactured in Germany. Also, 32% of the total market is occupied by German machines for the textile and metallurgical industries, equipment for plastic processing (31%), turbines (22%).
Over one million people are employed in the production of electrical engineering, while its quality is considered to be the leading in the world.
The country's automotive industry is considered a real pride of the nation. Germany has been one of the three leading automotive countries in the world over many years.
In terms of volume, it is second only to the production of cars in Japan and the United States.
In the light industry, a decline has been observed in recent years due to a reduction of the market.
The Ruhr region is considered as a textile region in Germany. The main branches of the food industries are winemaking and brewing. At the same time, one third of the production is exported. Germany ranks second in the world in terms of exports.
4.1% (61 billion USD) - Plastics and articles thereof
2.83% (42 billion USD) - Aircraft, spacecraft
2.28% (34 billion USD) - Mineral fuels, oil and products of their distillation; bituminous substances; mineral waxes
2.09% (31 billion USD) - Articles of iron or steel
Aggregate imports to Germany totaled 1.24 trillion USD in 2019. The decrease in the supply of goods to Germany in value terms was 4.03% compared to 2018.
Imports of goods decreased by 52 billion USD (in 2018, goods worth 1.29 trillion USD were imported to Germany).
TOP 10 goods imported into the country in 2019:
5.74% (71 billion USD) - Cars and other motor vehicles
3.28% (40 billion USD) - Crude oil and crude oil products obtained from bituminous minerals
3.24% (40 billion USD) - Parts and accessories for motor vehicles
2.52% (31 billion USD) - Petroleum gases and other gaseous hydrocarbons
2.46% (30 billion USD) - Medicines
2.38% (29 billion USD) - Computing machines and their units; magnetic or optical readers
1.97% (24 billion USD) - Human blood; animal blood prepared for therapeutic, prophylactic or diagnostic purposes;
1.96% (24 billion USD) - Oil and oil products obtained from bituminous products
1.9% (23 billion USD) - Transmitting equipment for radio broadcasting or television, whether or not including receiving, recording or reproducing equipment; television cameras, digital cameras and camcorders
5 largest companies in Germany
Volkswagen
Daimler
Allianz
BMW
Siemens
5 largest banks in Germany
Deutsche Bank AG, assets worth 1.636 billion euros
Commerzbank AG, assets worth 574 billion euros
KfW Group, assets worth EUR 464 billion
DZ Bank Group, assets worth 386 billion euros
HypoVereinsbank (UniCredit Bank AG), assets worth € 297.700 billion
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