mdadm RAID1: Unable to replace(--add) failed drive

Question

I have a RAID1 array of two hard disks which recently lost one drive, but I can't seem to simply replace the broken one. mdadm --detail has reported that the first drive slot sda has been removed (which it physically has) the second drive slot sdb is the one that is still working (active, sync). The sdb was recently replaced, so the data is safe. But when I try to add the disk with mdadm /dev/md127 --add /dev/sdx it returns an error:

$ sudo mdadm /dev/md127 --add /dev/sdx1
mdadm: add new device failed for /dev/sdx1 as 3: Invalid argument

dmesg shows these:

[  xx.xx] md: sdx1 does not have a valid v1.2 superblock, not importing!
[  xx.xx] md: md_import_device returned -22

I confirmed with parted that the partition size of sdx1 is exactly the same as sdb1 (sectors and byte). Also after --add the drive, although an error occurs, lsblk shows that there is already metadata for the array on sda1.

Translated with DeepL

Answer 1

I have read the post: https://unix.stackexchange.com/a/784321/30851. Thanks for frostschutz.
In:

mdadm --assemble /dev/mdX --update=force-no-bbl /dev/sd...

The --update=force-no-bbl does allow the array to be reassembled.

Even though this will cause mdadm --examine-badblocks sdb to return:
No bad-blocks list configured on /dev/sdb1
instead of on the new sdx disk:
Bad-blocks list is empty in /dev/sdx1

I don't know what the consequences of this are, but it does work.