I just switched to emacs from Vim today so I have no idea what I am doing. How do I change the syntax coloring in Emacs? Everything is green or light green.
As you can see, latex tex is dark green and regular text is green.

The easiest way to customize your colors is using the color-theme package. The emacs wiki includes instructions on installing and configuring. In Debian, color-theme is part of the emacs-goodies-el package. Once installed, you can use M-x color-theme-select to browse the available themes.
color-theme.el in the folder "themes" and other instructions. First, I have no idea where the folder themes is. If I have been using emacs for more than 2 hours that site may be helpful, but at the present, it offers nothing.
M-x load-library RET
M-x color-theme RET
M-x color-theme
The above should give you a list to choose from, so you could customize it. Emacs 24+ command
M-x load-theme gives you a few more.