Moving files into folders using bash script

Question

I have several files like Apple-AP01, Apple-AP02, Banana-AP05, Chocolate-RS33 and others in my home directory that are pulled from an ftp server. In the same home directory there are Folders like Fruit, Sweet, etc. And within these folders, there are subfolders with names like Apple-AP01, Apple-AP02, Chocolate-RS33, etc.

I need to run a script on my home directory such that once I have Apple-AP01, it knows to place it into the Fruit folder based on the "AP" keyword and then further place that into the Apple-AP01 folder. and for Chocolate-RS33, it needs to go into the Sweet folder based on the "RS" keyword and then further into the Chocolate-RS33 subfolder within the Sweet folder. I need this for all of my files. Can someone put a bash script that would work?

I've tried

for f in *.
do
    name=`echo "$f"|sed 's/ -.*//'`
    letter=`echo "$name"|cut -c1`
    dir="DestinationDirectory/$letter/$name"
    mkdir -p "$dir"
    mv "$f" "$dir"
done

I think I need to use a for loop, but I’m not sure how to do it in bash.

Answer 1

This should cover most of what you want to do.

sortfood.sh

#!/bin/bash


# Puts files into subdirectories named after themselves in a directory.

# add more loops for more ID-criteria

for f in *AP*; do
    mkdir -p "./fruit/$f";
    mv -vn "$f" "./fruit/$f/";
done

for f in *RS*; do
    mkdir -p "./sweet/$f";
    mv -vn "$f" "./sweet/$f/";
done

Answer 2

Check, does it do what you want.

First way:

#!/bin/bash

declare -A arr_map

arr_map=([AP]=Fruit [RS]=Sweet)

# Iterate through indexes of array
for keyword in "${!arr_map[@]}"; do
    # Search files containing the "-$keyword" pattern in the name
    # like "-RS" or "-AP". This pattern can be tuned to the better matching.
    for filename in *-"$keyword"*; do
        # if file exists and it is regular file
        if [ -f "$filename" ]; then
            destination=${arr_map["$keyword"]}/"$filename"
            # Remove these echo commands, after checking resulting commands.
            echo mkdir -p "$destination"
            echo mv -iv "$filename" "$destination"
        fi  
    done
done

Second way:

#!/bin/bash

declare -A arr_map

arr_map=([AP]=Fruit [RS]=Sweet)

# Iterate through all files at once
for i in *; do
    # If the file is a regular and its name conforms to the pattern
    if [[ -f "$i" && "$i" =~ [A-Za-z]+-[A-Z]+[0-9]+ ]]; then
        # trim all characters before the dash: '-' from the beginning
        keyword=${i#*-}
        # trim all digits from the ending
        keyword=${keyword%%[0-9]*}

        # if the arr_map contains this keyword
        if [[  ${arr_map["$keyword"]} != "" ]]; then
            destination=${arr_map["$keyword"]}/$i
            # Remove these echo commands, after checking resulting commands.
            echo mkdir -p "$destination"
            echo mv -iv "$i" "$destination"
        fi
    fi
done