From the manual pages on history:
Event Designators An event designator is a reference to a command line entry in the his‐ tory list. Unless the reference is absolute, events are relative to the current position in the history list.
   !      Start a history substitution, except when followed by  a  blank,
          newline, = or (.
   !n     Refer to command line n.
   !-n    Refer to the current command minus n.
   !!     Refer to the previous command.  This is a synonym for `!-1'.
   !string
          Refer  to the most recent command preceding the current position
          in the history list starting with string.
   !?string[?]
          Refer to the most recent command preceding the current  position
          in  the  history  list containing string.  The trailing ? may be
          omitted if string is followed immediately by a newline.
   ^string1^string2^
          Quick substitution.  Repeat the last command, replacing  string1
          with string2.  Equivalent to ``!!:s/string1/string2/'' (see Mod‐
          ifiers below).
   !#     The entire command line typed so far.
All the others make sense, but I can't figure out any usage for !# from the context.  What does it do and how is it usually used?


!#.echo !#executes ` echo echo`