Is there a (system library) way to insert a formatted string to a StringBuilder that will be identical to the following?
myStringBuilder.Insert(0, string.Format("%02X", someInt)); 
I haven't find any in the class documentation.
Is there a (system library) way to insert a formatted string to a StringBuilder that will be identical to the following?
myStringBuilder.Insert(0, string.Format("%02X", someInt)); 
I haven't find any in the class documentation.
You can create an extension method
public static StringBuilder InsertFormat(this StringBuilder sb, string format, params object[] args)
{
    sb.Insert(0, string.Format(format, args)); 
}
Then you can write
myStringBuilder.InsertFormat("%02X", someInt); 
StringBuilder provides you the method AppendFormat which does the append and the format in one call but adds the content in the end of the buffer.
In your specific case since there is no provided .NET framework method which does InsertFormat as you wish you either use the method shown above in your question or create an extension method (for example call it InsertFormat) and then use it in your project.
Append the new chars are written to the end (if there is not enough space the buffer is extended.) When you Insert, a space is made by shifting all the "after" chars up the buffer and the new chars go in the gap. It is possible that the implementation could be some sort of linked list but that sounds too ineffiecient, in general, to be true and I believe that I've read that that is no the case.
InsertFormatmethod.AppendFormat