Vue.js is a browser side app framework. The server side technology does not matter, unless you are attempting to do server side rendering.
npm run build works perfectly alright, and it creates a minified set of files for manifest.#.js, vendor.#.js and app.#.js
Open the network tab in developer tools of Google Chrome to see what files are getting loaded. If any of the js files are not getting loaded, it is a path configuration that you need to do, so that your server serves the right files.
You may have to tweak the index.html file a bit so that it fully meets your requirements, and move the js files from dist/static folder to your preferred location. The url path does not matter, as long as the app files are served in the right order.
vue-cli?