SQL Server - Convert columns to rows

Question

I have a table on which simple select gives out put like below

I want to write a select statement to output like below

Can someone help me...

Answer 1

Since you are basically rotating your current columns of Sale, Income and Profit into rows and then move the month values to columns, then you will want to first unpivot the current columns, then pivot the months.

Depending on your version of SQL Server there are a few ways that you can unpivot the data. You can use the UNPIVOT function or CROSS APPLY:

select month, type, value
from yourtable
cross apply
(
  select 'Sale', sale union all
  select 'Income', Income union all
  select 'Profit', Profit
) c (type, value)

See SQL Fiddle with Demo. This will convert your current data into:

| MONTH |   TYPE | VALUE |
|-------|--------|-------|
|   Jan |   Sale |   100 |
|   Jan | Income |    50 |
|   Jan | Profit |    10 |
|   Feb |   Sale |    20 |
|   Feb | Income |    40 |

Then you can use the PIVOT function to convert the months into your column headers.

select type, Jan, Feb, Mar, Apr
from
(
  select month, type, value
  from yourtable
  cross apply
  (
    select 'Sale', sale union all
    select 'Income', Income union all
    select 'Profit', Profit
  ) c (type, value)
) d
pivot
(
  sum(value)
  for month in (Jan, Feb, Mar, Apr)
) piv;

See SQL Fiddle with Demo.

if you have an unknown number of months, then you can use dynamic SQL:

DECLARE @cols AS NVARCHAR(MAX),
    @query  AS NVARCHAR(MAX)

select @cols = STUFF((SELECT distinct N',' + QUOTENAME(Month) 
                    from yourtable
            FOR XML PATH(''), TYPE
            ).value('.', 'NVARCHAR(MAX)') 
        ,1,1,'')

set @query = N'SELECT type, ' + @cols + N' 
            from 
            (
                select month, type, value
                from yourtable
                cross apply
                (
                  select ''Sale'', sale union all
                  select ''Income'', Income union all
                  select ''Profit'', Profit
                ) c (type, value)
            ) x
            pivot 
            (
                sum(value)
                for month in (' + @cols + N')
            ) p '

execute sp_executesql @query;

See SQL Fiddle with Demo

Answer 2

You Can Use UNPIVOT then PIVOT
THE BEST IS TO DO QUERY EMBEDED SQL create DISTINCT COLUMS of months with STUFF function then replace FOR oMonth IN ([January-2013], [February-2013], [March-2013], [April-2013])
here core query

 SELECT  
*
FROM
(  SELECT      
 oMonth, value,col
 from (
 select DATENAME(month,oDate)   + '-' + CAST(YEAR(  oDate) as varchar) as oMonth,        Sales ,Income,Profit
 FROM            SalesSource 
 )A
unpivot
 (
  value for col in ( Sales ,Income,Profit)
 ) u

 ) as sourceTable
 PIVOT
 (
 sum( value)  
 FOR oMonth IN ([January-2013], [February-2013], [March-2013], [April-2013])
 ) AS PivotTable;