gdb backtrace with no user input?

gdb --batch -q <debuged_executable> <core_file> -ex bt  

This works with gdb 7.6:

My test program that causes a core dump if it is given a command line parameter:

int a(int argc)
{
  if (argc > 1) {
    int *p = 0;
    *p = *p +1;
    return  *p;
  }
  else {
    return 0;
  }
}

int b(int argc)
{
  return a(argc);
}

int main(int argc, char *argv[])
{
  int res = b(argc);
  return res;
}

My python script my_check.py:

def my_signal_handler (event):
  if (isinstance(event, gdb.SignalEvent)):
    log_file_name = "a.out.crash." + str(gdb.selected_inferior().pid) + ".log"
    gdb.execute("set logging file " + log_file_name )
    gdb.execute("set logging on")
    gdb.execute("set logging redirect on")
    gdb.execute("thread apply all bt")
    gdb.execute("q")

gdb.events.stop.connect(my_signal_handler)
gdb.execute("set confirm off")
gdb.execute("set pagination off")
gdb.execute("r")
gdb.execute("q")

So, first I run a.out and there is no crash. No log files are created:

gdb -q -x my_check.py --args ./a.out >/dev/null

Next I run a.out and give it one parameter:

>gdb -q -x my_check.py --args ./a.out 1 >/dev/null

And this is a crash report:

>cat a.out.crash.13554.log

Thread 1 (process 13554):
#0  0x0000000000400555 in a (argc=2) at main.cpp:5
#1  0x000000000040058a in b (argc=2) at main.cpp:15
#2  0x00000000004005a3 in main (argc=2, argv=0x7fffffffe198) at main.cpp:20

Alternatively to just storing the backtrace, you could put ulimit -c unlimited in front of your infinite loop in your shell script. The result will be that every time your program segfaults, it will write a core dump into a file which on my system is just called core but on other systems might include the process id. If the program segfaults (you see this from its exit status being equal to 139) then just move the core file to a safe location using a unique name (for example using timestamps). With these core files and gdb you can then do even more than just look at the backtrace. Thus I guess using them might even be more useful to you.