I must be missing something obvious: I'm returning an associative array after my query runs, and for each nested array I wish to append  $child['Is_Child'] = '0'; When I print out the $child array it is correct, but the $child_participants array does not have it appended; why?
if ($query->num_rows() > 0)
{
    $child_participants = $query->result_array();
    foreach($child_participants as $child)
    {
        $child['Is_Child'] = '0';
    }
    return $child_participants;
}