$title_db_query = "SELECT zagolovok FROM Title WHERE id = 5";
This query selects the field zagolovok from the table Title, meaning that you have a table Title which has a column named zagolovok. It selects only one row since the id is probably an unique index. So it will select from the row with id 5 the data from the column zagolovok.
$title_query = mysql_query ($title_db_query);
This will send the query to the database and the returned result is saved in the variable $title_query. If the query wasn't successful it will return false.
while($row_title = mysql_fetch_array($title_query))
{
echo $row_title['zagolovok'];
}
This you should use like this : mysql_fetch_array($title_query, MYSQL_ASSOC).
It will return an associative array (the key of the array will be the name of the column) or mysql_fetch_array($result, MYSQL_NUM) will return an array with numeric keys.
Also I recommend you to use mysqli instead of mysql or PDO if you're quite familiar with objects. From what I know PDO performs fastest. Good luck.
SELECT zagolovok FROM Title WHERE id = 5directly in your database to ensure that data is returned.