About Script Spec LearnTry Download Community Blog UCSUR
← Community

Beginner's Guide

The Yapiri Primer

Everything you need to start reading and writing in Yapiri — no prior knowledge required. Work through each section at your own pace.

󱲠󱲧

Section 1

What is Yapiri?

Yapiri is a writing system created specifically for the Kokborok language — the mother tongue of the Tiprasa people of Tripura, Northeast India. The name yapiri means "footprints" in Kokborok — marks left behind by a language, a people, a way of speaking.

Unlike Bengali or Roman script, Yapiri was designed from scratch around the actual sounds of Kokborok. Every symbol represents exactly one sound. Nothing is hidden, nothing is assumed. What you hear is what you write.

Good news for beginners: Yapiri is a phonemic alphabet — one symbol, one sound, every time. Once you learn the symbols, you can read anything written in Yapiri out loud, even words you've never seen before.

This Primer walks you through the full alphabet, step by step — vowels, consonants, numerals, and the high tone mark that completes the system. By the end, you'll be able to read and write your first words in Yapiri.

Section 2

The Vowels

Yapiri has 6 vowels. Every vowel is a full, independent letter — just like consonants. Vowels are always written after the consonant they follow. There are no hidden vowels in Yapiri.

󱲠aas in "apha"
󱲡eas in "eba"
󱲢ias in "imang"
󱲣uas in "umai"
󱲤oas in "omo"
󱲥əas in "twi"
Note on ə (schwa): The schwa is the neutral mid-central vowel — the "uh" sound in unstressed syllables. In Yapiri, it never starts a word. It only appears in the middle of a word.

Section 3

The Consonants

Yapiri has 21 native consonants, organised into phonological families. Related sounds share visual features — so once you learn one, you'll recognise its relatives. Aspirated consonants (ph, th, kh) are derived from their plain counterparts through a consistent visual modification.

Stops — Voiceless (p, t, k)
󱲧pas in "pirkha"
󱲨tas in "twima"
󱲩kas in "kwtal"
Stops — Aspirated (ph, th, kh)
󱲭phbreathy "phiya"
󱲮thbreathy "thaichuk"
󱲯khbreathy "khorang"
Stops — Voiced (b, d, g)
󱲪bas in "bisa"
󱲫das in "dakti"
󱲬gas in "gana"
Affricates (ch, j)
󱲰chas in "cherai"
󱲱jas in "jwngjal"
Nasals (m, n, n′, ng)
󱲲mas in "muktwi"
󱲳nas in "naithok"
󱲴n′as in "in′"
󱲵ngas in "chwng"
Note on n′ (palatal nasal): The n′ character is a distinct sound from the plain n. The prime mark (′) signals a palatal nasal — a different point of articulation in the mouth. It has its own dedicated glyph in Yapiri and is never a modifier of n.

󱲢󱲴  in′ — "yes"    󱲢󱲴󱲹󱲡  in′he — "no"
Fricatives & Approximants (s, h, r, l, y, w)
󱲶sas in "sanja"
󱲹has in "haba"
󱲷ras in "romdi"
󱲸las in "laisa"
󱲺yas in "yaphang"
󱲻was in "wansukma"
Note on W: The consonant W only ever appears at the start of a word. The W that appears mid-word in Kokborok romanization represents the schwa vowel ə — not the consonant W.

Example — watwi (rain): 󱲻󱲠󱲨󱲥󱲢   w·a·t·ə·i — first W is the consonant, second W is written as ə

Section 4

Secondary Characters

Two characters sit outside the core native alphabet. They are fully formed glyphs that follow the same design grammar as the rest of the script — included so that Yapiri can write loanwords and scientific terms that the native phoneme set does not cover.

Secondary — Loanword characters (v, z)
󱲼vloanword soundssecondary
󱲽zloanword / scientificsecondary

v and z fill genuine phonetic gaps — no native Kokborok character covers these sounds adequately. /v/ cannot be rendered by /b/, and /z/ is too distant from /j/ for scientific names. Use them for loanwords and scientific names.

For everyday Kokborok writing: you will rarely if ever need either of these two characters. The 21 native consonants and 6 vowels cover virtually all everyday Kokborok vocabulary.

Section 5

The Numerals

Yapiri has its own set of 10 digit glyphs for writing numbers. They follow the same decimal positional system as regular numerals — just string them left to right to form larger numbers. Each digit also carries its Kokborok name.

󱳀0bukcha
󱳁1sa
󱳂2nwi
󱳃3tham
󱳄4brwi
󱳅5ba
󱳆6dok
󱳇7sni
󱳈8char
󱳉9chuku

Section 6

The High Tone Mark

Yapiri uses a single special mark that works alongside the main alphabet. It is not a separate letter — it sits above a vowel to change how that syllable is spoken.

󱲪󱲤󱳑󱲷󱲤󱲩
bohrok · "they" — high tone on first o
High Tone Mark
Unicode U+F1CD1

Placed directly above a vowel to indicate a high or rising tone on that syllable. Kokborok is a tonal language — this mark is how Yapiri captures that distinction in writing. In Latin romanization of Kokborok, the letter h after a vowel conventionally signals high tone. In Yapiri, the high tone mark replaces that convention entirely — the h is omitted and the mark sits over the vowel instead.

In short: wherever Kokborok romanization writes a vowel followed by h to show high tone, Yapiri drops the h and places the high tone mark over that vowel instead.

Section 7

Writing Rules

Yapiri follows a small set of clear, consistent rules. Learn these and you can write anything in Kokborok correctly.

1
Write every sound

Both consonants and vowels must always be written. There are no silent letters and no assumed sounds. If you hear it, write it.

To write /pa/: write 󱲧 (p) followed by 󱲠 (a)

2
Write left to right

Yapiri is written horizontally, left to right — the same direction as English and Bengali. There is no uppercase or lowercase.

3
Separate words with a space

Words are separated by a single space, just as in English. No special word-joiner or separator symbol is needed.

4
Schwa (ə) never starts a word

The schwa vowel only appears inside words, never at the beginning. Other vowels can start a word.

5
W only starts words

The consonant W only ever appears at the very beginning of a word. It will never be found in the middle of a Kokborok word in the Yapiri script.

6
High tone mark goes over the vowel

To mark a high tone syllable, place the high tone mark (◌́) directly over the vowel of that syllable. The Latin convention of using h after a vowel to indicate tone does not apply in Yapiri — the mark replaces it entirely.

High tone on /o/ in bohrok: 󱲪󱲤󱳑󱲷󱲤󱲩

Section 8

Your First Words

You now know the full Yapiri alphabet. Here are your first real Kokborok words — greetings you can use every day, written in Yapiri script.

󱲯󱲣󱲸󱲣󱲲󱲯󱲠 Khulumkha Hello / Namaste — the universal Tiprasa greeting
kh·u·l·u·m·kh·a
󱲹󱲠󱲲󱲪󱲠󱲢 Hambai Thank you
h·a·m·b·a·i
󱲭󱲣󱲵 󱲩󱲠󱲹󱲠󱲲 Phung Kaham Good morning
ph·u·ng   k·a·h·a·m
󱲫󱲢󱲪󱲤󱲷 󱲩󱲠󱲹󱲠󱲲 Dibor Kaham Good afternoon
d·i·b·o·r   k·a·h·a·m
󱲶󱲠󱲷󱲢󱲩 󱲩󱲠󱲹󱲠󱲲 Sarik Kaham Good evening
s·a·r·i·k   k·a·h·a·m
󱲹󱲤󱲷 󱲩󱲠󱲹󱲠󱲲 Hor Kaham Good night
h·o·r   k·a·h·a·m
Notice something? The word Kaham appears in four of the six greetings — it means "good" in Kokborok. In Yapiri that's always: 󱲩󱲠󱲹󱲠󱲲. Recognising repeating patterns like this makes learning faster.

Save This Primer

No separate PDF needed — save this page directly from your browser.