The roles of religion and
ritualization of war, prominent in the Vernant volume but no longer anthropologically fashionable (Hassig, Ferguson), find favor with these historians, though they weakly tie
ritualization to climate and a dearth of resources.
The
ritualization associated with reading a novel like Random Passage is different, however, from the annual festival, biannual solstice celebration, or weekly party.
Grimes talks of
ritualization instead of ritual because the former allows for an investigation that is not limited to the liturgical.
Gillis, "
Ritualization of Middle-Class Family Life in Nineteenth Century Britain," International Journal of Politics, Culture and Society v.
provides a history of this controversial charismatic community and examines the two basic processes, namely, the "radicalization of charisma and
ritualization of practice" that evolved over a 20-year period, giving special attention to such key concepts as spontaneity, intimacy, and control.
But relatively little has been said or written about that heroic aspect in connection with the
ritualization of "Holocaust Day." Certainly there has been no official effort, in that context or any other, to gather the names of Jews who conducted themselves heroically, as has been done in respect to the non-Jewish rescuers.
In keeping with the ethological orientation and its background in biological theory, there is a good deal of emphasis on interaction between young children, but conflict behaviour between adults and the forms of its
ritualization also receive careful attention.
A final chapter examines contact and exchange, specialization and
ritualization, and the social value of early copper.
Therefore, culture is sacred insofar as the ways of being human in the world entail some yearning for, belief in, and
ritualization around that which is ultimate vision--that which is both part of and greater than the self.
Various solutions are offered:
ritualization of violence, described by Girard in the form of the 'scapegoat'; legitimation of violence in certain well-defined circumstances such as, for example, between peoples in the form of a 'just' or 'holy' war, and in society by educational or legal authorities; and finally there is the ideal of non-violence suggested by certain religions, Buddhist schools or Gandhi-style Hinduism with the doctrine of ahimsa.
To trace that story, we were directed beyond the hymn texts to the practice of singing them, from translation of texts to
ritualization of performances, from considering the discursive meanings of Christianity to considering what Ojibwe people made of the tradition in their idiom of religious practice.
In this context Catherine Bell's recent discussion of "strategies of
ritualization" and "redemptive hegemony" (presented in her work Ritual Theory, Ritual Practice [Oxford, 1992]) might be of use in addressing the data gathered by Shoshan.