nectary

The robbed flowers showed damages in the floral base (Figure 1), where the nectary disks are.

The monophyly of Eurybiini is supported by the presence of tentacle nectary organs (TNO) on the larva, dorsal confinement of the intersegmental membrane between the eighth and the ninth segments of the pupa, presence of bristle-like scales on the medial surface of the palpi, metallic bluish-green compound eyes, and further 3 characters from the male genitalia (Harvey 1987; Hall 2003).

In general, nectary morphology of individual species follows the general pattern of the respective families, suggesting that nectaries came with the colonizers (Bernardello et al., 2000).

Unfortunately, functional nectary glands were not searched on these larvae.

(Corynocarpaceae) has a perianth differentiated as five sepals and petals and an androecium of five antepetalous stamens, alternating with antesepalous scales bearing a ventral nectary (Figs.

Many of the other species, in genera known to have extrafloral nectary bearing species, are new species occurrences, not surprising as this is a new area for a survey of nectary occurrence (Table 4).

Nectar secreted in alternistaminal troughs on staminal tube or staminal feet or from disclike nectary around base of ovary, more rarely from sides of ovary or absent.

Lycaenid larvae in such relationships generally emit semiochemicals from a pair of tentacular organs and secrete a sugar-rich solution from a dorsal nectary organ to attract and retain their ant guards (Axen et al.

The pollinator reward in the Scrophulariaceae consists usually of nectar, produced by a ringlike, asymmetric nectary at the base of the ovary or, in Penstemon (Cheloneae), on the external bases of the stamens, opposite the ovary (Straw, 1956b).

(Rubiaceae), a favored nectar source, in a 4-L pot together with an artificial nectary (a small glass vial fitted with a cotton wick and containing a mix of honey and 20% sucrose solution).