surface runoff

We adopt distributed hydrological model to build the "hydrological database" and, respectively, construct surface runoff model and underground runoff model to conduct the risk prediction from the breadth and depth dimensions.

In the second step, the quality model is developed using the runoff model, which requires build-up and wash-off components.

List of abbreviations: BATS Biosphere-Atmosphere Transfer Scheme CRU Climate Research Unit, United Kingdom DSS Decision Support System ECHAM5 European Community-Hamburg ENJMP Eastern Nile Joint Multipurpose project GCM Global Climate Model GERD Grand Ethiopian Renaissance dam GPCC Global Precipitation Climate Centre GWH Giga Watt Hour ICTP International Center for Theoretical Physics JJA June- July- August MAR Mean Annual Runoff NAM lumped and conceptual catchment runoff model RegCM4 Regional Climate Model version 4 SON September-October-November REFERENCES

Snowmelt runoff model (SRM) user's manual (2008 ed.).

Generation of runoff model for the Kundahpalam watershed, the land use and soil maps were processed using GIS techniques.

Along with ARS agricultural engineer Kevin King, who works at the ARS Soil Drainage Research Unit in Columbus, Ohio, the researchers used the data they collected to evaluate a turfgrass runoff model called "TurfPQ." This model estimates pesticide levels in runoff associated with moderate rainfall, and they wanted to see how accurately TurfPQ predicted pesticide transport in runoff associated with more intense rainfall.

The rainfall runoff model will use a bucket model which has three catchment-lake/swamps thresholds, i.e.

First we used the surface analysis tools implemented in ArcGIS 9.3 software to derive several land-surface models from the initial DEM: slopes model, mean curvature model, maximum curvature model, minimum curvature model and runoff model. The land-surface models represented the input data in the object-based terrain classification in order to detect specific landforms which are characteristic for this study area.

The result was achieved by modifying the Hewlett Runoff Model [6] to create the balance schemes of water circulation for three different periods (1945-1963; 1978-1990; 2000-2003) and to analyse the influences of the mining-technogenical factors.